0:00 so hi everyone science science science I don't Like I avoided but when Prashant Bhaiya science When they teach, oh ho ho, then it becomes fun and I have come to bring that same joy to all of you. You all requested so much that Bhaiya class You teach 10th class, our senior sir. I am studying from inside the board exam When will you teach us class 9th? When will you teach me, my friend, you are Make a demand and I don't agree, so be it. If you can't do it friend then this channel is for you Starting class ninth from today on top of One short explanation of each chapter of Now watch the video, this is one short session. It is going to remain but inside it every NCERT I will cover one line and explain it in such a way that science I will fall in love with you, then I am saying till today No matter how boring you find science
0:45 Yes, we study science in a new way, like this I will read it in the right way, you will say friend brother What is fun about science? It is fun. It is good to read and along with that first Starting our chapter Biology lecture number one, which is Fundamental Unit of Life From this we know today You are starting out, please let me know in the comments. Tell me which chapter do you want next? Look, I have taken responsibility for science too. Don't worry, I will do everything carefully. I will do it and explain it in a perfect way. One mark will not be deducted in Science, only as much as I am telling you the things that you Okay keep following and today's session Let's start with an important line I don't tell this line to each of my students. Let me tell you, it is poetry, the poetry is like this Always smile, hide your sorrow with a smile They always smile and hide their sorrow
1:32 Time will tell who we are, those people who They keep telling you that something is wrong with you It won't be possible, it's useless to read Time will not be able to do anything to those people. The answer will be, you just keep working hard. So let's start our first lecture. Look, let me tell you a couple of things. What is to be done about this lecture? These are the slides, these are the notes. You will find it in the description or Join Tegra, you will meet me there. The second thing is to sit down with a rough notebook. Why notebook because look, notes are all Together, there won't be enough time for you Write down all the lines one by one, that's for you Download the notes and write them down later. Make a rough note of what I will tell you. So that those things get into your mind quickly I will go because the children say Bhaiya The chapter is difficult but I don't agree I say this is the worst chapter, I say This is the worst chapter today, see how.
2:17 We will read about cell vacuoles etc. from the story. I'll read it in a very nice way, okay? You have to sit with a rough copy inside it. We will also ask questions from previous years. Questions That Differ Different Schools Those questions also come together inside I will discuss wherever I have to say it. It is important to think about that question. It will come inside your paper, okay, so let's go. Let's start, let's start quickly What topics are you going to study from Well, I forgot to tell you one thing. You are a student that I don't You don't know till today Prashant Bhaiya Who is it, so first thing I'll tell you is my Full name is Prashant Kirad Ek Exam Hota There is IIT JE so that inside IIT I got admission, I cracked it. I am in class 10th for the last 4 years. Taught 11th class and 12th JE students I have passed class 9th for the first time
3:03 but taught in youtube4 Introduction to Sell Cell by youtube1 I will study everything in theory, the last topic will be sale. The division is absolutely clear from here to here. It's going to be crystal clear, let's start Hey brother, what is this sale? As soon as the sale When we say it, it comes to our mind. Should I show you the cell phone with the remote? hm wait wait wait wait this cell Do you remember brother that there is a cell? Which we install in the remote, AC etc. This type of cell turns on the TV etc.
3:50 We remember the story of this cell. I'm not talking about us The cells from which your body is made are now your mind I had a doubt that brother, history I had told you inside that whatever things Yes, they are made of atoms, I told you, atoms. It is made from, now you are saying from cells what is this, listen my love This pen and all the non-living things Yes, they are all made of atoms, but whatever Living things like you and I are trees Plants, birds, everything is made of cells. are made up of cells okay so that's why we call cells They say that the fundamental unit of life is now one thing is very important here I am a I have a very important thing to tell you right now. I'm going to listen carefully, look here's a Is the line written? Is the line written?
4:36 The question comes in the exams in school Why Sale Is Called Inside Exams Why is it called the fundamental unit of life? The answer to the sale is also very simple, why Because all the things are made from cells. You and I who stand, we are made of cells Now you will ask how I became a brother. Let me explain a very important thing through cell Bicycle is important, pay attention to this bicycle to see when the number of sales are combined When cells come together they form tissues what makes up tissue cells I am telling you this for the first time because we make mixed tissues. This topic is very important for 10th. It will also be useful in ok cell found tissues Made tissue, got organs, made organs Kidney, the kidney which you sold to me You keep dreaming of getting the same one Kidney brother, yes it is a kidney, make organs.
5:23 And what did the organs make together? system as if there were separate systems The excretory system is very different There are different types of systems and organs The system combined and created an organist. Like you, me and trees, plants and birds If you understand what a sale is, fundamentally You are made up of a unit of life cell. Everything in me is made of cells, so remember that Why Sale Is Called Fundamental Unit of Why Light? Because the Entity of Living Organist may begin from basic unit Whatever is our functioning as cold cell, We are also made from cells, hence this It is called the fundamental unit of life Now there is another very important thing, NCERT A line is written inside and on the same line Your teachers will not give you instructions for the exam. I will give you the question inside and you will think, friend. I haven't read this yet, I'll tell you today.
6:09 There is a line written that sale is called building Why is it called the Block of Life? Building blocks I tell you see What does building block mean? A small There is a block, you keep adding that block. keep adding, keep adding, keep adding one The building will be built, right? If you do this, Isn't it similar? You keep adding one to the other. keep adding, keep adding, keep adding Tissues will be formed, keep adding tissues Organ will become organ organ system organ System human being or organism is Because of what the cell is called building blocks so remember a cell can rept cell Can make two copies of himself like Chintu Lal made a copy Mintu Lal Mintu Lal Made a copy as you might have seen in the exam. Inside, he is one of your students. Inside your class, not in front of you
6:55 He cheats completely by copying Wali. When the teacher sees that he has also given the same answer It is written that you have also written the same answer and this People get caught when both the answers The teacher says both of them are wrong. They wrote wrong answers and that too in the same manner, only then these people got caught. If you go, then what are those copies? Rept does what similar cell does He repents himself, that's why the cell said Building block of life is this The point is clear, do you understand? Hey, tell me what is going on here, friend. I have brains, brother, what is this? you're talking friend, that's great Very good, very good, moving on Let us quickly read a little history of sales. Yes, but before that, what is your enthusiasm meter? Josh Meter is a meter that will tell What is your energy level? Your energy level Tell me now what is the level out of 100 What is the energy level from this? Let's talk now. The discovery of our cell
7:41 Where did the cell come from and who discovered it? What did you say, there is a name, a scientist. The name of Robert Hooke is Robert Hooke Now look, in the olden times there was no name named Robert. It was a big trending topic like today. Arya Neha, this name is very trending, isn't it? The name Robert was trending at that time. So every scientist used to name himself Robert. I would have kept it, okay, so this is what Robert ji did. What did Robert discover the cell for? He said that friend, means he Basically what a tree is, isn't it? Bring the part that is its stem. Set up Microsoft Microscope and When he saw it, he saw that this was something. There are tiny particles and those He named the particles cells. So who made the first discovery, Robert Hooke? But remember the cells he saw No, they were dead cells, they were not alive brother. How did they die, whatever the tree is
8:29 There is a stem inside it which has cells They are dead cells, they are alive There were no cells, okay, now let's come to others. Scientist is the name of another scientist Antony, please correct the spelling. I E Laga Ke Antony Van Antony Van Ji who was What did he do? A very important thing. Antonie Van Gee first observed living cells Seen living cells under a microscope If you see, then if the question comes in the exam Who was the scientist who discovered the living cell? If you see it, remember the answer will be Antony and Who saw the cell for the first time, answer will B. Robert Hook Don't be confused, son. Let's move on to the next scientist. Let's move on, the next scientist is mine. Robert Brown Robert Brown Bhaiya Ji Tell me what Robert Brown Bhaiya did. What did Robert Brown do to discover cells? what is the nucleus of the nucleus Brain of the Cell Don't get confused now brother Dude, you didn't even tell me about this nucleus.
9:15 I will tell you everything, trust me. Let's move on, next is my Pakin ji, this meditation Look at it, Parkan ji did the research. protoplasmic Part of the sale brother, now you protoplasmic I will come friend, just wait and keep everything aside. Remember the protoplasmic Do the questions in the paper again and again Let's see the explanation of the cell theory now. The first scientist was our Sclater, right?
10:01 Now this Slade came and he He said, friend, all the trees and plants are there Plants are made up of cells, he said. okay okay then the other scientist Shuvan comes Shuvan ji said all the animals Are made up of sales, I have accepted their point now. This was the third scientist, Backbenchers are not the same as Suppose a backbencher is sitting and the topper is answering If he is giving it then he tells adventure to ma'am Ma'am yes yes he is saying right like the teacher said I asked what is mitochondria, tell me that topper Mitochondria is the powerhouse of The cell phone bencher is saying yes yes yes The powerhouse of the cell is like this, isn't it? So this was our third scientist, Dolph. Dolph ji said that these two people, He is absolutely right, he is not wrong in what he says.
10:47 I just want to add one more point. He added a point, he added a Point added that one cell left and cells can form means a cell can divide and not can create cells that we call If he said cell division then cell First, remember three points of theory. Point is all living organist m r Composed of cells in all living organisms Cells are made up of what is the second point The second point to look at is All Living Organist some could be made up of one and more As many as cells Can also be made from more cells than organic What is the Third Point? The New Cells Arise From pre assisting sales through the Process of cell division with the help of cell no. New cells are generated by cell division.
11:34 What are these points from old sales? Clearly, what is this? This is cell division, right? Three important points of cell theory You will see the question in the paper, remember three brothers All three brothers are very good, son, we are just like this. You will remember this way where it is more difficult I am able to understand where the difficulty is, it is fun. It's going great son, let's move on. Come on, let's move ahead and see the sale now. The discovery has been made and the theory of the cell has also been written, now this The sale is not a sale, it is a very different sale. The size of the cell is different The size of the cell is different The numbers are different and the shape of the cells is different It is not that the cell is round, square or oval. No, they are of very different shapes. Let's read a little about cells. Come and see, first of all, there are two types of
12:20 Organists are muses, understand this today in 10th. The first type of organist will be of great use. are unicellular organisms which uni uni what does it mean what does single uni mean alone like You are alone in your life, what does hee uni mean single is ok Unicellular Organist Mus Vo Organist Mosses are made up of a single cell We will remember that we are unicellular organist mas r dor doj organist mas that are made up of single cells It is clear, let's understand multicellular. Multi is in the name itself, Multi is in the name too Now you can even play multiplayer games. No, this is what you call free f etc multiplayer What does it mean if there are games? The organist, Mus, who is one or means one made up of more than one cell
13:06 Okay, now a doubt may arise in your mind. You must be thinking that brother, we are human beings. So if they are multi cellular then those who are single There are organisms with cells, isn't it something Give some examples so that we can understand. If I find it, it doesn't matter, I will give you an example. For example, many of its bacteria are And there is an organist whom we call Protozoa Protozoa Bacteria R The examples of unicellular There are many examples of multicellular You and I plant trees, everything is fine, we It is multi-cellular, tell me the story till now. Clear, even the story is clear, what can I say? move ahead quickly, move ahead, very good, let's go I understood this completely till here, okay Uni Another example of cellular is Paramecium. This is also one of the things you study in 10th. So let's move on and see the sale. There are different sizes and shapes too.
13:53 Cells are of different shapes now This is what you see on the screen. There are different types of cells available to you right now. I might not be able to see clearly Let me try to zoom in and see what you are doing. Can you see the cell, right? This is what we call it Nerve cells know where the brain is located. I and your spinal cord, right? Son, the same mind that your friend has It's a little less, but it's okay, friend. If yours works then you will understand, just look at the shape Look how it is, can you see how the shape is? Yes, what a strange shape this nerve has. This is a cell, we call it a branch end. Elongated shape: Shapes vary widely Some shapes you can see, such as your ovum This is the sex cell of the female. In reproduction we read that ovum is Look at its shape, it's a bit round. Apart from that, you can see the sales of Bon Bon. Look at their shape, you can see what they look like. You can see that it has this shape.
14:39 What do you say, what do you say, spindle shape? There are spindle shapes so different If they are of different shapes then it is not necessary If it is a cell then it will be round or square Rectangle no no no it can be of any shape It is clear, I have understood till here, let's move ahead son Let's move on quickly and now let's see the sale off Different sizes and shapes are also different and the cells Some cells also have different sizes. which are very large, some are cells which are very small the largest cell which It is within this world that we call it Ostrich Egg Ostrich egg is a cell which is so big you know What is the size of an ostrich egg? If you get a question on the largest sale, remember this. Which is Osterley and Smollett? What is your mycoplasma? It is mycoplasma, note it down Very important, this question is asked again and again Small cell mycoplasma is a
15:25 What type of bacteria is a type bacteria of What is a type of bacteria? Organist Mus is also called PPLO. Isn't it, this is not D, this son is O, this is O No, they also call it PPLO but that is your work. is not because in your syllabus you No one is going to ask for PPLO etc. You have to remember this name Mycoplasma okay remember the name and this is The largest, which is your oyster egg here If everything is clear then go ahead and tell me. Let's move forward brother, let's move forward now Let's talk about the sale now. Look, we have seen that the different cells There are different sizes, shapes, numbers, everything. It is different, now we see that basically this What is this cell, what is inside it? So look, we will study the human cell. Meaning the cell of an animal is a plant
16:11 You will also read this but what is important is this What is inside your animal's cell? If we have to read all that, then once Let's draw a rough diagram and understand With the help of the story, you will understand the difficult son It is not easy, it is the worst chapter I said in the beginning that when the lecture ends You will say yes brother, this is the worst chapter. Come on, look, now look at the shape of the cell. It happens, it is very different like I'll show you what it looks like Cell but do you need to do such things in the exam? You have to make a diagram, don't come and make it yourself. You will not be able to pass the entire exam even with this If you keep doing it then don't make such diagrams Isn't it important that you can make any shape you want? No, the labelling should be correct, e.g. I admit I made it like this I made an oval shape, okay, oval shape too. Even if you make it, it will work. Now pay attention, listen to the cell. The first thing that happens is this, which you see Are you finding this bodyguard, who is the bodyguard?
16:57 Cell first has a bodyguard. Bodyguard means, hey, tell me, bodyguard means What is plasma membrane? Membrane, we also lovingly call it PM Yes, hey, not that PM, friend, you are calling me Listen, you must have got the plasma membrane picked up from home. Or we call it cell membrane That means you are seeing CM, PM and CM coming together What's the matter with the plasma membrane or Cell membrane is the bodyguard whenever I say bodyguard, I remember plasma The membrane is fine, now understand carefully. Understand carefully, the brain is inside it Off the cell is the brain of the cell which we call what do you say, what do you say, nucleus Son, nucleus is the brain of the brain cell. Okay, apart from that, there's jelly all over this area.
17:42 Like substance is jelly like substance what we call cytoplasm what do you say cytoplasm okay jelly Like substance that is everywhere Apart from what is present, there is a lot inside it. There are many different organs. There are many different cell organelles different types of different shapes There are many organelles of different shapes Now brother, what we call cell organelles What are these organ cells like those of our body? There are organs inside which have different functions. What is the use of kidneys? Taking IPHONE. Oh no. Filter it brother, who will filter the blood? Your kidney will do it, he is a stupid child. So similarly, there is an organ inside the cell. which have different functions okay Today we will also study that function, talk about tension. It is not there now now now now it is one z
18:27 Plus Security and Z Plus Security Not everyone has it, only a select few have it. If it is near then the cell would be near some cell Some cells have Z plus security. It has Z Plus security, you can see this. What I'm making with green is this z plus What we call security is sale. Wall Cell Wall, this is your Z Plus Security and who knows what it is Plant cells are the only ones that have the same effect as animal cells. It does not pass, it happens only to someone Plant cells are like animal cells etc. I don't have a cell okay so z plus Who has security only and only Now you will ask the plant about such discrimination. Yes, I will tell you the reason for that as well, this tension is fine. If it is clear then just understand that there is a sale. First of all, he's got a bodyguard. The bodyguard we lovingly call PMCM means plasma membrane or
19:14 The cell membrane is one z plus Security that the plant has What we call the cell wall is inside the brain. We call the brain the nucleus. And the whole jelly-like substance that It is fluid, we call it cytoplasm. And there are many organs which We speak of cell organ, this point is clear. This point is clear, we will read it in detail. We will read about tension in detail one by one. No, okay, each one in detail You will read that labeling is very important. Look how you draw the diagram of the cell. It doesn't matter, even the teacher knows this. No one can draw a diagram but you can label it. How do you come up with that much? It's important, so let's get started. This is the slide I just showed you. Components of cells and their functions Isn't this a kind of revision slide? This is what you can do whenever you want to revise.
20:00 You should look at this slide, the four in it All of them are important things. I have written a function about you, but now I Those who read it in detail one by one So come on, let's get started Let's start plasma quickly membrane or cell membrane in a minute I'll just drink some water, my throat hurts. Give me a minute to speak, just one Minutes yes Live it up start come on Come come come come hey this is where I am friend Where did he go? What are you writing? I am here, here. Yes son, I am here, okay, let's see. Listening to the plasma membrane and cell membrane My point is very important, see this one If he has a body guard then what is his use? Yes, its job is to get rid of anyone who comes inside.
20:46 He will ask what he is going to do inside. Why go inside and whenever someone goes out He will come and ask him why he is going. This is the job of a bodyguard of the cell membrane or plasma membrane This is the work, take care of the outer most covering of the cell and its separate cell contents from The external environment holds things back Whatever has to come in has to go out Whose permission will be required for the plasma membrane? okay and it has a nickname like You will have a name, we will also What do we lovingly call it, love? Selective Perm Able Membrane Very Important Star Mark it I keep asking what does this mean I will explain the example of your class. You have seen the topper, that is what happens, not me, ma'am I will not sit with them, I will not sit with this boy. I will not sit with this girl.
21:32 I will sit, she is very selective, who is the topper Your class is very selective that here I have to go here only, I have to sit here only. If you want to make friends, then it is very important. is selective in the same way that plasma The membrane is also very selective. He says, brother, I don't allow entry to everyone. I will only allow certain substances to enter I will give it to you and let only a few of you come out. I will not let you go to the entry or exit, I understand. And this is the feature we call selective permeable membrane so we call it It is called selective permeable membrane. Function reading Allow entry and exit of some material does some material Prevent movement of some material, if any If the material is going out, stop that too. He will tell him that brother, don't go out, stay inside. So all these things are happening for it. Now here you will read a term, this Read the thing carefully Allow diffusion of
22:18 Substance now a term came diffusion brother this I will tell you what diffusion is, don't panic. Don't panic, it's a big one now. Note down important points in your rough pages. Do this, this is called plasma. What is the membrane made up of? It is made up of lipids and protein very Important star mark kar lo very important very important lipids and Protein Ba Directly Question Aa Jayega Plasma membrane or cell membrane is made of If it is made then remember lipids and proteins in Your membrane is being formed from two things. It is inside the cell, okay now brother, this is diffusion Tell me what it is, I am telling you before that We have to understand that brother, tell me one thing. You're saying something is going out, something It is going inside, is it happening on its own? I am going to explain how the transport is happening. I am living here, this is what we call transport There are two types of transport: the first
23:04 Active transport means this Passive transport and this is active What is the difference between transport and this? Difference Bhiya may be asked inside the paper Yes, it can be asked, now listen carefully. What is passive transport with an example I understand, imagine there is a lot here. We call all oxygen oxygen o2, right? Everybody knows there's a lot here. oxygen lots of oxygen and here low oxygen what's the concentration here high here What is it, whenever there is movement from higher concentration to lower concentration towards then we call it passive Transport What are the passives saying? Transport Higher Concentrations to Lower Imagine with concentration, imagine your
23:50 I have ₹1, now someone may come and ask you for it, friend. If I give you ₹, you will say okay friend, ₹1 rupee If you take it from higher concentration to lower If money is lost in concentration, what should it be? It will be passive transport now brother. Active Transport What is Active Transport? What is transport, look active Transport is the exact opposite of this. I understand, now imagine you have If you have ₹ and someone asks you for ₹1, then First you will get tensed friend, now ₹1 Where did you get it from, but this is the process involved. What is happening from low concentration to high We are telling him that he is going into concentration. What is Active Transport? Understand the Difference I came in high to low in the passive active low to high okay let's go great first So what is their definition and their difference? There is a very important difference between passive and There is no energy requirement here.
24:35 This ATP is required for energy What is ATP, we will understand later. There is no energy requirement here. It happens here, we will remember it from the example Imagine you have ₹1, now no one can take anything from you. If I ask for ₹1, you will say friend, it's my pace. I have 100, I will give you one, what will be the energy It will work or not, okay, I have given it now. You have ₹1 and someone asks you for ₹100. Now your energy will be used You will think that first you will have to earn ₹1 and then ₹1000000
25:28 The difference between the two is four points. What is inside your mind, the words came out Understand, you have become very good or intelligent. Okay, now let's look at this passive transport a little bit. And let's read in detail because passive There are two types of transport, just read It was diffusion, yes, that was passive transport. There are two types of diffusion and osmosis. passive transport diffusion and First study osmosis, then diffusion. We will read Osmosis, come on brother, open it, open it. Open up, come quickly, let's see what diffusion is It is important to look at the definition very carefully See The Process of Movement of Substance Solid Liquid Gas Solid Whether cut from it Take liquid and gas from region of higher Higher concentration to region of lower What is concentration, what is diffusion?
26:15 Diffusion is nothing if any material It is liquid, it is gas and some matter If there is a solid inside then the solid becomes liquid. Whatever the material of the gas, whenever its Transport from higher concentration to lower If it happens, we will call that process We will simply call that process diffusion. Diffusion is this point clear is this Point clear, this is your diffusion Brother, then what is this osmosis? Now let me tell you what it is first. I will explain and then teach the definition, otherwise Yours will be emptied listening to osmosis What is osmosis? Transfer Of liquid only we will talk here Who will we talk about liquid? Whenever we talk only about liquid Transfer from higher concentration to lower Whenever we talk about liquid, concentration
27:00 are moving from higher to lower then we call it Osmosis speaks now in your mind Brother, the question came: Solid-liquid in diffusion The gas inside it was also turning into liquid. No transfer then in diffusion and osmosis What is the difference? There is a difference my love. Understand the difference Understand the difference Look, look Imagine this is a sale, imagine this is a sale okay now here's a liquid Liquid, now this liquid is higher Access from concentration to lower concentration Look, it has become a smiley, from higher to lower inside the cell then we call it Will say diffusion butt butt butt butt carefully Understanding what osmosis is whenever The particle is outside the cell and now part of the liquid Transport takes place inside the cell now When this came inside, brother, it was liquid.
27:47 Isn't it, what was in the middle was semi-permanent? membrane when by crossing this membrane Then we will say that osmosis has happened. Remember the biggest thing inside is osmosis. What is there is a semi-permeable membrane whenever A liquid will move from higher to lower and If it crosses the semi-permeable membrane Understanding that osmosis has happened, whether from outside or Whether it is inside or it has gone from inside to outside, the difference is I don't see how wonderful it is The diagram is ready, now let's move on to the definition. Let's read it, understand it is important What is the definition, read it, osmosis is The Passage of a Water Molecule Across a Semi Permeable membrane from solution with high concentration to a solution with low I have come to concentration, I have come, I have understood, come on
28:32 Brother, move ahead, Osmosis has arrived. There are two types of people brother, you are my friend Will you take it? You say active passive first. Then you tell me two types of passive. Two types of osmosis now in the syllabus I will teach you that, friend, see the type. occur through endosmosis and azoosmosis Understanding both is important, see What process occurs inside endosmosis? in which water molecule enters the cell and osmosis means one of your cells When the water came inside him when he was outside Solution means the liquid that was outside I was outside, didn't I tell you? When will osmosis come from outside or from inside Osmosis inside both cases will go out When liquid comes in from outside, the cell Your body swells up and it becomes swollen. We call this process endosmosis.
29:18 The coming in and going out of water is called They say azo osmosis, tell me one thing when What will happen to the cell if the water goes out? The poor cell will shrink. Tell me clearly, friend has come, he is a great friend. Neither can you see from this diagram. Water moving inside through endosmosis And this flower is going out here. and it's shrinking okay let's go Brother, let's move ahead, now such a thing is coming Topics that scare children so much Isn't it, just once before that topic Diffusion and osmosis have differences So this difference is sometimes seen in school papers. Inside it is asked what is the difference between Remember the fusion of osmosis and you. Take any of it from inside this entire table Remember three or four points, three or four
30:04 Remembering the point is sufficient for you. Is it three or four points, do you remember any one? You will do as much as is sufficient for you. The rest will work in diffusion and What is the main difference between osmosis and cm? Remember the permeable membrane, semi-permeable Membrane in the middle if semi permeable If the membrane comes then osmosis does not come Diffusion is great, isn't it? You'll get one of these, three of these, or Remember these four points, now we move ahead from everyone. A topic in which children say Bhaiya Friend, I understood everything, just one type of solution I don't understand, I was taught in school Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic Bhaya Yaar You explain, I will explain See They say hyper, not a child, hyper. Intelligent, what does it mean? Very intelligent. What is the meaning of hyper words? Let's decode hyper means very
30:51 It is very very high now isn't it? To understand this, let us take a very simple example. Let's take an example, we will understand it easily. Come on son, imagine I have a glass I take water inside I take water and I add sugar to it, okay, so the water what is that to me what is solvent water Solvent and the sugar that is what is mine Home » Science » Biology » Solutes » Difference Between Solute and Water what is solvent sugar solute okay now I've got a lot of water here. I took a lot of water here. And I added sugar to it, I added sugar. Added sugar Added sugar Now added sugar and I added a lot of sugar Meaning the amount of solute is quantity He is very high whenever a Too much solute in the solution
31:37 Remember what I'm saying There is too much sugar and too much salt. There is too much sugar, just I had one I took an example to make it easier for you to understand. Well, actually there is no sugar here. But if the solute is too much then in that case what do we call hyper tonic hyper Tonic, did this thing go to my head? Hypotonic What happens when the amount of solute There's too much sugar, too much isn't it? too much sugar too much sugar ok and what is hypotonic Hypotonic solution is the opposite of this where Solute is too low, sugar is too low Hyper hyper means too much or too much There is too much sugar, remember to solute Very high and hypo means hypo What is it? There is too much water and too much solute. Less is fine and the third one is iso
32:23 isotonic I mean it's all the same, nothing more. Nothing less, okay, let's understand now. It is a very important thing to see now. Understand, I am explaining to you, son. This is an important example, see and imagine. I have hypertonic solution. I place my cell inside a hypotonic solution I'll put my cell inside it I will put this in, I put this in, I sold it My cell phone is fine, tell me one thing now. What is hypotonic? Solute too much. where is the solute in the solution The solute is not inside the cell here It is in solution, isn't it? It came in solution, right? Tell me, understand son, it seems like a very difficult topic. I am explaining it easily to the children See where the solute is more solution. inside it inside the cell there's very little But where is more water, where is more water
33:10 Where is the solvent more? Inside the cell, inside the cell, there is no water. There is more water inside the cell, right? There is a lot of solute outside, so water Where will the water go from higher to lower? Where will it move? Water will move from the cell. out out out out and what will the cell do What will shrink do? Shrink means when is also a hypertonic solution. Suppose I have put that cell inside the hypotonic Whatever amount of water there is, whatever amount of water there is He will pull the cell and poor cell will shrink. You will understand what the concept was. The concept was to remember that hypertonic Hyper is too much, solute There's too much sugar in the sugar water.
33:55 I put the cell in, now brother, where will I find water? There is more water inside the cell because it Normal water is hypertonic There is more sugar inside and less water. Where will the water move from outside the cell? Got it, got it, now see the other one. Example which is hypotonic now imagine Imagine this is my hypotonic now. Imagine this is my hypotonic What does hypotonic mean? Solute is too high The solute is less and is almost negligible, so this It is a solution, but it does not contain solute. But there's a little bit of solute inside the cell. There is a little more solute, so now the solvent where the amount of water is more Tell me where is the maximum amount of water out here there's a lot of water out there There is too much water outside, isn't it?
34:40 What is inside hypotonic water? goes from outside to inside and what happens to the cell It swells up, remember, remember Cell inside hypertonic inside hyper Sharing goes inside the hypo The cell swells now if it still I did not understand, let me tell you a trick. This trick is for those children who If you don't understand anything, tell them the trick. I'll give you a look, it's a little strange The trick is to remember like I do my time He used to do hypo hypo with his There is a hippopotamus, isn't there a hippopotamus? What is a hippopotamus like? It grows fat. Isn't it how a hippopotamus looks fat? So whenever hypotonic Solution means hippopotamus so cell What will happen? The cell will become thicker. The cell will become bigger. If it happens, you can remember it this way. Whenever there is a hypotonic solution, the I have a cell, it will automate it and then
35:26 Hyper will automatically become that hyper Bhaiya isotonic will shrink inside So look at what will be inside, this was the third one. Isotonic: There is nothing inside it. If there is no movement then remember inside it No movement, the net movement inside it If it is zero then the sale will be as much as it was It remains inside isotonic, tell me here It is clear till then tell me quickly I will wait till the water Should I drink water, son, tell me quickly Come on, come on, come on, you will remember it quickly Hypno Hippo Potom Swell Okay Let's Be Very great move on move on Better to see quickly, there are two terms. This question is rarely asked, but if asked
36:12 If you go, let me tell you there are two terms. Do not confuse endocytosis with cytosis. be whenever any material whenever any material With the help of what does plasma enter the cell? Whenever any material cell with the help of membrane coming inside the plasma membrane of With help because first the permission is his It will seem that he is a bodyguard, right? So whenever It will come inside with the help of cell membrane With the help of plasma membrane, that We call this process endocytosis. what is endo cytosis and whenever Anything that needs to go out of the cell Even if you want to go, the cell membrane will be attached so that it comes out. We call the process of leaving as azo. Don't get confused with cytosis anywhere. If asked endo cytosis azo cytosis then You should know that anything come inside the cell, we will end it Cytosis is called and going out is called A A
36:57 If we say cytosis, okay, then endo means Come inside brother, this means go out. Good, let's move on and talk now. We have Z Plus security since we have installed Z Plus security. Plus, you haven't talked about security. Bhaiya you told me there is a z near the plants There is plus security which we call Yes, it definitely exists brother. Tell me what the cell wall is made of. This cell wall is made of cellulose. Whose is it made of, son? It's very important to remember cellulose. Is Made Up of Cellulose Frequently Asked Questions It is asked, okay, this plasma membrane also occurs outside of as if one Normal bodyguards and some people get them There is z plus security which is z psi There is security, isn't it, if it is outside Cells also exist outside the plasma membrane Wall okay cell wall now here na a big This is an important procedure, there is a term for that
37:44 You will understand the importance of cell wall from this term. How to understand a term Look there is a term can you see plasmolysis can you see Yes, what is plasmolysis? What is the term, I understand it, don't worry Take shrinkage of living part of the The sale did not come, understand, come and understand a little more. Let's imagine it with the help of this diagram. Imagine this is my normal cell, you can see it This is my normal cell once I'll check the brightness Let me narrow it down a little bit and tell you more clearly. It will become visible, okay, this is my living Now this is the cell of my plant. Imagine this, I called hypertonic Hypotonic solution What happens inside a hypotonic The cell shrinks to whatever extent it does The material of the cell is all that water outside
38:30 It will go away and the cell will shrink okay Now when my cell shrinks Whatever living part is a living part Meaning whatever my part is, like my Plasma membrane, nucleus, etc. Some things shrink It keeps shrinking, isn't it, but it is one thing. Which does not shrink is Z Plus What is my security? You can see it up there, right? Let me show you, look at that third diagram. The whole part has shrunk, but this is the outer part. The covering is what we call the cell wall. The wall does not break, there is security brother. He will fight with us, he cannot fight with us, okay? If you can see what the cell wall is What is the main function of the cell wall? The main function is to make the plant cells rigid. To make powerful, to give strength, so what about maintaining it?
39:17 Does the raising of the cell cell raise understand plasmolysis What is shrinkage of living parts of the body? Shrinkage of whatever living part the cell is This happens, we call it plasmolysis. It's clear son, it's clear, tell me quickly here It is absolutely clear till now, he has understood it, now let's see Now let's take a look at the functions. Let's look at the functions of the cell wall. Are plants with better cell walls than instant ones? Apart from this, some other organists also played in Mus. It happens, it happens, it happens, it happens Just like bacteria are inside them cell wall is presented okay so let's see First of all, let's see what things If it is inside us then yours is the first one. Plant Fungi and Bacteria Plant Fungi your cell wall inside the end bacteria What is the main function of the cell wall? This is my main work, I will explain it to you.
40:03 It is important to look carefully and this line Osmosis Leading to Swelling and Pressure Against cell wall imagine my jo Plant cell is what I call hypotonic Hypo means swelling up, put it in that solution Now all the water is coming in, come I am going I am coming I am coming Sal getting fat getting fat Now if it gets too fat, it will bust. But does the cell have Judd Plus security? He did not burst the Judd Plus Security Cell. If he lets me do it, he won't let me burst, then he will be the most what is important what does it do cell Cell wall prevents what from Bustin' keeps you from bursting Plant cell, fungus cell, or as many as you like. Bacteria etc. are those cells
40:48 Understood, its most important function is Now understand one thing that is most important. Understand, look at the cell walls of the plant. It is made of cellulose whereas The cells of your bacteria What is a wall made of? It is a compound, you must also know that it is a compound. Pepto Glockenspiel Pepto is lying inside the school Glycer wall is made up of which bacteria What is the funja made of? What is the funja made of? It is from the kite which you are chitin The kite is very nice, it is made of it. I hope this thing is clear from your kindness. Brother, remember the names of all three, what are they for? You should know that cell walls are made of The function of the cell wall should be known. What is he doing, he is providing Jad Plus security
41:35 It's very nice, very nice, tell me now A question is coming to your mind, brother. A question has been coming to my mind for a long time. Friend, you are saying that this sale is very important. If it is something then why don't we have it brother? Why don't animals have this discrimination? Let me explain why, see the animals that They are there, they can walk, right, they can move Plant movement is not possible, it is fine So the plant picks itself up from here to here Cannot keep the plant, can not move because of this The plant's resin is very tough It is more important if the plant becomes soft. If the plant sales decrease then the plant will be closed. Plants will not be able to survive properly I understand, but we can move, right? We can move because of this we need If you don't understand the cell wall, remember it.
42:21 This is a very important point for the plant. What keeps the cell wall fixed has it helps the plant because they are Immobile Immobile, this is not that mobile is that how you talk to new Sunena This immobile means you cannot walk, right? If it cannot walk, we call it immobile. Tell me it is clear, son, move ahead. Let's go, this is great, this is great This question was asked many times in previous years. Cells have been set up inside different schools Why do plants and animals only have walls? Why don't I remember plants? They are immobile, so they need ridging and tough It is necessary, let's move ahead and read now. Yes, Nucleus Bhaiya ji, read Nucleus. The nucleus is the brain of the cell. Why is there a cell, why is there a brain, why is there a brain?
43:06 Tell me what is it, why is the brain saying this? Let us explain it to him, first understand it. What is the structure of the nucleus? So look, there is a double layer near the nucleus. It means it has its own membrane It is what we call nuclear What is a membrane? Nuclear I will show you the membrane diagram carefully. Look, look carefully, this is it You can see a diagram of the nucleus. layer two layer what is this nuclear We call this layer the membrane. nuclear membrane okay inside it something There are pores, now you can see one pore, this One knuckle, this one knuckle, these are different knuckles Why do we call them nuclear pores? To exchange transfers, have their own pores okay now attention Now look carefully inside it. You can see that it has a thread-like structure. You are getting this thread like structure.
43:52 Like this thread as much as you can see. The structure that exists is what we call it I have heard DNA, I have heard Deoxy Ribonucleic good brother, what are you saying? Have you ever heard of DNA? Yes, I have heard of it. You remember a little bit about DNA, right? Why is DNA so important? Look, many of you are watching this session. are the color of someone's eyes which would be It will be black, I am talking about the one inside. No, like I am a little brown or black Some people are completely brown. That was a song, Blue Eyes Hypnotize Theri To Someone's can also be blue, so all these The features that our body has Do you know who decides our DNA? Our DNA and where is DNA DNA inside the nucleus so the nucleus has a
44:39 Information that is stored DNA is very important for us. Some people decide how you look. How your hair will be, everything depends on DNA If found, DNA is very important, that is why So we call it the brain of the cell. The nucleus is called the brain of the cell because because it has a thread There is a like structure which we call You can note the full form of DNA. Yes, deoxyribonucleic acid here. It must be written, I will show it to you, come here. It must be written, I will show it to you, Deoxy. ribonucleic acid deoxyribose nucleic acid okay this is what we call DNA is also clearly an RNA, so RNA just remove this deoxy If you have ribozyme, then it becomes yours. Ribose nucleic acid, come on brother, very
45:25 Well, I hope you understand DNA now. No, here are some terms which you Now you will have to understand those big terms It's interesting, but a bit tough too, isn't it? There is a big task in 10th, one chapter in 10 There is heredity, to read it you need to You have to understand this thing, I go to Devi's every year I teach the children and they don't even know. I would say I did not study in Nath. Bhaiya Nath was having fun, I said Friend, you did not read it from me, but you If you have come after reading from me then listen carefully now. Take a look carefully, there are two terms. The first term is very important Chromate What is Chromate? what happens Your DNA, this DNA, Your thread like structure this thread like Structure when random Distributor one lying here, one lying here One is lying there, it is lying in different places like this
46:11 When your DNA is random distributor then what do we call him What do we call chromate? We call it chromate. what do you say chromate is fine but when There comes a time when I start you I had also told about a cell within the cell theory. divides to form new cells when your cell If there is a division, then you know what happens. This is the DNA of the nucleus. It comes in a coiled form like this The two DNAs combine and Do you make coils like this? What do you make? The coil coil comes inside the coiled form And we call this Chromosome Chromosome Understand Understand Understand DNA was first discovered when randomly We call the distributor chromating.
46:57 But as soon as the cell divides So what happened, what did this DNA do? They made a pair, this DNA came and they Such a structure was made, coil structure We call it chromosome. We call this thing chromosome. We will also read about it in the end when we will study about miosis. We study mitosis in class 10. You read it very deep but now I will tell you What are chromosomes and chromatin? If it happens then do not get confused with chromating and If anyone asks inside the chromosome, you Tell him it's okay to come here Clear till here so you understand How important is the nucleus? What is the nucleus doing? You have DNA, DNA has all your Genetic information is all genetic Information is the main function of the nucleus. okay we can look forward to it The nucleus plays a central role in Cellular Reproduction and Development by
47:44 Directing Chemical Activities and Determine sale maturity whenever The nucleus at the time of reproduction The work of is most important because Its DNA is coiled. and make chromosomes and chromosomes only What do Discord features do? Isn't it true that your eyes will be black and your hair will be black? How will all those chromosomes be decided, okay? Okay, I hope this is clear, let's talk now. There are some of those cells with which life has Kara Moe Moe Moe Moe, there used to be a meme, right? Moe moe life has made me moe moe why in this Tell me that you did not give nucleus to your thoughts. You say brother, our sorrows in life It's enough brother, he doesn't reply. You don't reply, you don't know what I'm saying Some people don't have a nucleus You tell me, your sorrow is greater than theirs. Isn't it brother, I understand their pain, come.
48:31 Look, there are two types of cells, one is Prokaryotic is a eukaryotic Prokaryotic eukaryotic okay prokaryotic that cell which are small cells Their nucleus is not well defined They would have a well-defined nucleus It doesn't happen, okay, and eukaryotic which are large cells and well There is a defined nucleus as if we were our What are eukaryotic cells like? Don't understand one thing, understand one thing about them The difference is very important, this difference Star mark this difference once. Son, mark the star quickly once. You can see prokaryotic and The difference between the two eukaryotic cells is important. So first of all the size is there It is small, isn't it, in the nuclear region? Not well defined but If there is a nuclear region then it would be a good way
49:17 It doesn't happen because of this but there is some reason. what do we call it, what do we call it Remembering Nucleo One Marker Questions This will come inside your paper that inside the prokaryotic cells The nucleus that is present is called We call it what it is nuclei okay inside it single There are double chromosomes inside it. What else are there besides chromosomes? Cell Membrane Bound Organelles Absent Look, all the organs that exist Absent within eukaryotic cells are a Next we will study mitochondria etc. which We will also read all that is present in it. are not but a cell organ which It has what we call a cell organelle. There are ribosomes, I will show you a diagram of it. You will understand the difference, right? Eukaryotic is exactly the opposite, isn't it?
50:04 more than one chromosome is present Cell has well defined membrane There is a membrane along with it all Organelles are present now listen now Listen, I'm going to show you a diagram. I am showing you the diagram, now look at this one. This is a rough diagram, understand it carefully. The diagram is of those cells like You can talk about bacterial cells. because they come from your prokaryotic The bacteria in prokaryotic etc., they come, okay now Understand this diagram carefully. It is important to understand this carefully. Your prokaryotic cell is prokaryotic You should understand what the cell has. It does not have any cell organ inside it, it just have ribosomes what is beta ribosomes You can see this dot dot, this is it ribosomes what else is there besides that The DNA is spread out.
50:50 DNA is lying here DNA here It is lying there, isn't it, and what do we do with that region? Let's call that region, we call it There is a nucleus, let us call that region are nuclei not nuclei DNA is lying there and we can identify that region. Nuclei are speaking and and and near it Its cell wall is root plus security I told you bacteria have it. If you remember Jad Plus Security, this would have happened. There is a cell wall besides that there is a tail behind it. You can see what we call this flag. What do you say, flag, what is its use? This movement is useful for the movement of cells. okay so this diagram is useful I don't ask, but please visit the school sometime. There is an exam, you can ask anything in school. teacher, if they taught you You can definitely ask, right? Look, you can ask. that by drawing the bacterial cell Tell me you should know he has a cell phone
51:35 It has a wall and contains ribosomes. Nuclei occur and flags occur if You come prepared with so much, not even a single mark will be deducted. My bet is okay and you will learn science from me. If you are reading then one line inside here Put it right inside the penis, put one of those There was a saying that the eagle was not as big as the leopard. The vision of a cunning eagle and the science of Prashant Bhaiya But never doubt it Well then fear It is not what I am teaching, that is enough, come on That's great, isn't it? Bacterial cells In this way you can make a diagram of So let's look at the question. You will answer me quickly, tell me through chat. of the section within a defined nuclear region of Prokaryotic are also known as undefined What is the nuclear region called?
52:22 Yes, it is very good, they call it nuclear brother. And what do you say, one is cancelled rather Don't ask questions, you are teaching, right? Yes, such a simple question is nuclear. Let's say let's move ahead now. Let's study the cells of eukaryotic cells About Organelles Cell Organs What I told you about at the beginning Told outer covering bodyguard bodyguard What is Plasma Membrane Z Plus? Security Cell Wall Brain of the Cell What is inside the nucleus? Cell organelles and We are going to study those cell organs. But there was one more thing: cytoplasm. Read what cytoplasm is. Cytoplasm is nothing new brother No, I told you, The Fluid Content enclosed by cell membranes
53:08 fluid content inside your cells organelles are lying there, we call it Is that what we call cytoplasm? Cytoplasm okay so this is fluid Now let us read the cell organelles one by one. Different cell organs will be read separately Neither do we have to understand through boring stories. What cell organ should children read from It sounds tough, now let me tell you a story. See how you can remember the story. I will remember a story, suppose you have to take it One
53:56 Store whatever stock you have Let's take some stock what happens to the store Let's do it and keep it simple, isn't it? Delivery services are an example of this. I am giving it to you, see how we understand sales from it. Yes, suppose 50 i's are made then 20 i's will be stored I kept it and the remaining 30 rupees Now accept that delivery, from here you Chintu Lal ji, Chintu Lal ji ordered that Dude, I need an eye There must be a delivery coming from here. Services What will that delivery service do? You will get delivery service and
54:46 [music] There are two characters in the story and two to remember. There are characters here, there are two goons here. But there were two more goons standing there who I took your iPhone from you, give me those two. We will also understand who the goons are in the story. Let's take it and now see how to sell the story. This question in the story of the cell Let's see later, isn't it? Answer De Hi Do The Only Cell Organ Seen In What is prokaryotic, I have just explained ribosomes only ribosomes are present I have already told you about prokaryotic, let's go So let's start right away But the first thing these ribosomes do is What is happening, what is this, understand it Let's take the ribosome. Now let's look at the ribosome. Protein is said to
55:31 Factory, this is a protein factory, okay? Why is this a protein factory? Because this is an organ that has I told you there is no membrane The nucleus has two membranes. The poor guy doesn't have even one, he is lonely Look at the poor thing, not even a single membrane in life Not found Sad for Sad for Ribosome Chat I'll spam it, okay, what is this now? He is making this protein, brother. What makes protein the best? The thing is, this happens in prokaryotes too. This happens in eukaryotes too, doesn't it? Li is the only organ that Any other organism found inside prokaryotic I don't get any work, what is protein love? What do you say, Protein Factory is fine? I will remember this no matter what question comes up. Organ is called protein factory Ribosome Okay, let's understand ribosome now. Coming back to our story
56:16 I am getting disturbed, I want to understand the story. Let's get started first Cassa Italian from the endoplasmic reticulum You don't have a good name, right? What kind of name do you have? Look at your names Ramesh Suresh Rohit Chintu Mintu Sonu, these are all names and Look, they could have named it endoplasm easier, but ok endoplasm reticulum now watch I told you what the endoplasmic reticulum is. I told you your iPhone is made in a factory. If it is there then that factory is there The endoplasmic reticulum is located here, in the cell's All the things that are required for If it becomes a factory, what is endoplasmic? reticulum so see endoplasm Reticulum Forms a Network of Membrane Bundles Tubes and she she within a cell these tubes Makes and makes a lot of sheets two Type K endoplasm reticulum is double
57:02 Star mark the question repeatedly asked difference between rough endoplasmic Reticulum and Smooth Endoplasm Reticulum I will mark double stars again and again The question arises brother, what is this smooth and rough? what is this i will tell you both endoplasmic reticulum above which ribosomes are present on its surface Ribosome Where ribosomes are present, we call it It is called rough where there are no ribosomes. We call that smooth, now tell me one thing. If I have ribosomes then brother ribosomes What will we do, we will perform havan, not protein brother If we make protein, what do we do? which is your rough endoplasm reticulum which We say RE R what does that make
57:47 makes proteins while what does it make It doesn't make protein, it makes what makes up lipids Lipids will remember Very Important ER Whatever happens to you, it helps in making lipids. while RE is used to make R proteins. It comes, okay, so the difference is Let's take a look, doesn't it appear rough? Due to ribosomes it contains ribosomes ribosomes are not present there ribosome synthesis proteins while smooth which what happens is it makes lipids What's next is not evolved in lipids Production These Evolved into Lipid Production It doesn't happen, even though that lipid is made by you. It doesn't make the protein that is being produced. What is the role of enzymes and hormones? No need to synthesize enzymes and hormones It does not play a role while the function in enzymes
58:34 Its function is end hormone synthesis a little bit of enzymes and hormones now your A question might be arising in your mind, brother enzyme enzyme Do you know what hormones are in the body? Hormones come in and pimples appear. We all know what an enzyme is. Enzymes are things that The reactions that take place in biology She makes them conduct themselves, you should understand this much now. That's enough for you, okay, one last one. The point is that whatever your rough is, RE R Joe It happens to have no detoxification capabilities Suppose this is a factory, what is this? factory is okay now this factory Suppose a goon comes inside, then RR is He doesn't have any detoxification There is no capability, meaning if anyone is wrong If something comes in, I can't throw it out. But SCR has the capability
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