Brief Summary
Alright folks, this session is all about Jharkhand's mines and minerals, super important for your JPSC and JSSC exams. We're talking about the mineral resources found in Jharkhand, their percentage in India, and Jharkhand's rank in their production. Also, there's a mention of an offer on Jharkhand GS batch.
- Jharkhand has 40% of India's total mineral resources.
- Jharkhand is called store house of minerals, Ratna Garbha and Ruhr of India.
- Jharkhand ranks third in coal production in India.
Introduction and Form Application Guidance
The session begins with a quick check on audio and video clarity. It's mentioned that the form application has started today, but it's advised to hold off for a bit to avoid any mistakes due to haste. Understand the basic processes first, then go for it.
Jharkhand GS Batch Offer
Before diving into the main topic, there's an announcement about the Jharkhand GS batch available for ₹999. This offer is valid only for two days, January 30th and 31st. After tonight, the price will revert to ₹1499, though a coupon code can bring it down to ₹1349. If you're keen on studying Jharkhand GS with proper notes in both Hindi and English, this is your chance. There's also a test series available for ₹299, featuring sectional and full-length tests.
Jharkhand's Mineral Resources: An Overview
The first question is about the share of Jharkhand in India's total resources. Jharkhand holds approximately 40% of India's total mineral resources, making it a leading state in this regard. It's known as the storehouse of minerals, Ratna Garbha, and the Ruhr of India (due to its mineral wealth, similar to the Ruhr region in Germany). It can also be called Mineral Capital of India.
Major Mineral Resources in Jharkhand
A compilation of major mineral resources found in Jharkhand, including their reserves, rank, and percentage, is presented. This data is sourced from the Jharkhand State Mineral Development Corporation and geology.gov.in.
- Coal: Jharkhand has 8356 million tonnes of coal, which is 27.37% of India's total. It ranks first in coal deposition and third in production.
- Iron Ore: 4596 million tonnes, 25.70% of India's total, ranking second in deposition.
- Cobalt: 9 million tonnes, 20% of India's reserves, ranking second.
- Apatite: 7.27 million tonnes, 27.07%, ranking second.
- Quartzite: 156.52 million tonnes, 4.47%, ranking second.
- Copper: Jharkhand is the third-largest state in copper deposition.
- Bauxite: Jharkhand is in the seventh position for bauxite.
- Nickel: The first nickel plant in India was set up in Ghatshila, East Singhbhum.
Most Abundantly Found Mineral in Jharkhand
The question is: Which mineral is found most abundantly in Jharkhand? The answer is iron ore, mainly of two types: hematite (Fe2O3), which is red and found in West Singhbhum, and magnetite (Fe3O4), which is black and found in East Singhbhum and Palamu. Hematite is considered the better quality ore.
Key Iron Ore Sites: Noamundi and Chiria
Noamundi is the largest iron ore mine in Asia, supplying iron ore to Tata Steel. Chiria has the largest single deposit of iron ore in the world, both located in West Singhbhum. Jharkhand ranks second in iron oxide deposition in India.
Coal Mines in Jharkhand: Location and Production
Jharkhand is considered first in terms of coal mines but ranks third in coal production in India, with approximately 80,000 million tonnes. There are 12 coalfields in Jharkhand. The largest coalfield is Jharia, followed by North Karanpura and Rajmahal. The smallest is Daltonganj.
Jharkhand's Share in Coal Production
Jharkhand contributes about 17.5% to the country's total coal production. The top three coal-producing states are Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand. Coal is primarily found in the Gondwana rocks along the Damodar River valley.
Jharkhand's Coal Reserves: Jharia and Karanpura
After Jharia, the second-largest proven coal reserve in Jharkhand is North Karanpura. Jharia has reserves of 19,000 million tonnes, North Karanpura has 18,000 million tonnes, and Rajmahal has 16,000 million tonnes. Daltonganj has the least, with 143 million tonnes.
Coal Mines in Upper Damodar Valley: Piparwar
Piparwar, Ashok, Saradhu, and Magadh coal mines are located in the community development block of the upper Damodar Valley, specifically in the Tandwa area. Piparwar is Asia's largest coal washery.
Metallurgical Coal in Jharkhand: Quality and Location
The best quality metallurgical coal in India is found in the Giridih district, specifically in the Karbhari coalfield. Giridih is also known for its mica production.
Iron Ore Mines in Jharkhand: Location and Geology
Iron ore mines are located in Singhbhum, which is part of the Singhbhum Shear Zone, a horseshoe-shaped area rich in mineral resources formed from Proterozoic volcanic rocks.
Chiria's Fame: Iron Ore Mining
Chiria in West Singhbhum is famous for its iron ore mining. Udhwa Bird Sanctuary is the smallest wildlife sanctuary and the largest bird sanctuary in Jharkhand, a Ramsar site known for migratory birds. Mahuadanr Wolf Sanctuary is India's only wolf sanctuary.
Uranium Deposits in Jharkhand: UCIL and Mines
Uranium deposits are found in Jadugora, Narwa Pahar, and Turamdih. The Uranium Corporation of India Limited (UCIL) was established in 1967. Uranium was discovered in Jadugora in 1951, and mining began in 1967. UCIL operates seven mines: Jadugora, Narwa Pahar, Turamdih, Bhatin, Bagjata, Mohuldi, and Banduhurang. Jadugora is the first uranium mine in India.
Jharkhand GS Batch and Turamdih's Mineral
Turamdih is known for uranium mining. There's a reminder about the Jharkhand GS classes and test series.
Mica Mines in Jharkhand: Ruby Mica and Locations
Mica mines are not found in Singhbhum or Palamu but are located in Kodarma, Giridih, and Hazaribagh, known as the mica belt. Jharkhand's mica is called ruby mica or muscovite, a high-quality white mica. Kodarma is known as the Mica Capital of India.
Bentonite Deposits in Jharkhand: Multani Mitti
Bentonite deposits, also known as Multani Mitti, are found in Sahibganj district, specifically in Barharwa and Teen Pahar. It is used in refining petroleum products and making vegetable oils.
Dolomite in Jharkhand: Locations and Uses
Dolomite, a carbonate mineral made of calcium magnesium carbonate, is found in Palamu, Garhwa, and Latehar districts. It is used in integrated iron and steel plants like Tata Steel and Bokaro Steel Plant.
Mining Impact Reduction: Andhra Pradesh Model
To reduce the impact of mining, the state government has proposed legislative measures based on the Andhra Pradesh model.
Iron Ore Near Daltonganj: Magnetite
Near Daltonganj, magnetite iron ore is found. Hematite is found in West Singhbhum, while magnetite is found in Palamu and East Singhbhum.
Matching Minerals with Districts in Jharkhand
Matching minerals with their respective districts:
- Bokaro: Coal, limestone, sandstone
- Kodarma: Mica
- Dumka: China clay
- Palamu: Coal, fire clay, feldspar
Underground Coal Gasification: Pilot Project in Jharkhand
India's first pilot project for underground coal gasification has been started in Jharkhand.
Jharkhand's Mineral Resources: Economy
Jharkhand is known for its significant mineral resources like iron ore and coal, which play a crucial role in the country's economy.
Hematite Reserves in Jharkhand
Jharkhand has adequate reserves of hematite iron ore.
Key Minerals to Remember
Important minerals to remember include coal, iron ore, copper, mica, graphite, kyanite, bentonite, fire clay, vermiculite, china clay, limestone, bauxite, feldspar, manganese, pyrite, gold, dolomite, pyroxenite, garnet, and nickel.
