Full transcript of “12th Chemistry | Unit 11 Hydroxy Compounds and Ethers | ONE SHOT | TN State Board | Shravanee Ma'am”. Click a timestamp to open the video at that moment. Need another video? Use the YouTube transcript generator.
0:00 Hello everybody. So now in the particular video chapter 11 hydroxy compounds and so Okay. So, short and sweet also make sure So also
0:47 alcohol classification prepare preparation and then we'll be going to the chemical properties and physical properties. So when you ask me which is more important I would say preparation and chemical properties are the most important aspects which we should learn. Okay. So alcohol question about the startum. So first how are we classifying the alcohols? So alcohol monohydric polyhydric. So what do you mean by mono one hydric group monohydric mean only one group is there. Say for example methanol CH3. So methanol you can see only one O group
1:32 is there. Okay then we call it as monohydric. Okay. So Say for examp alcohols. Okay. We call it as polyhydric. Okay. So I hope it is clear basic terms. So what is alky group? Okay. Alk group which we represent it as say for example
2:20 we can take methile propile butile pentile we call it as alk group. Okay. Alan minus hydrogen. Alan group methane minus hydrogen. Ethane minus hydrogen. Ethile propane minus hydrogen. Propile. Okay. Say for example CH4 is methane CH3 which is methile. Okay. So right. So next group. Okay. So what do you mean by group
3:08 functional group understood? Functional group the carbon which is attached directly to the functional group is called it as alphaarbon. Okay. Hydrogen we call it as alpha hydrogen. Okay. And the alpha beta carbon and the beta carbon hydrogen beta hydrogen. Okay. So beta beta double bond group. Okay. So the carbon which is directly
3:54 attached to the alcohol group or any functional group which we call it as alphaarbon. So and the alpha hydrogen which is what we call it as alpha hydrogen and the carbon which is attached to the alpha alpha beta beta hydrogen beta hydrogen beta group. Clear superh. So double bond say for example
4:39 group. Okay. functional group. The functional group is called as alpha beta.
5:27 Okay. Next. Okay. C6 H5. C6 H5 is or we can also call it as phenile. Okay. We can call it as or we can also call it as phenile. Okay. So C6 HI. What is this? phenol correct C6 H5 phenol C6 H5 group is group C6 H5 CH2 group benz group so C6 H5 CH2 group okay C6 H2
6:14 benz alcohol so this alcohol I call it as benz alcohol alcohol or alcohol or phenol. So next very very basic concepts which we need to learn is what is the difference between primary alcohol, secondary alcohol and tertiary alcohol. Okay. So coming to primary alcohol groups we can call it as alkal groups when it is attached to two different alk two
7:00 alkal groups now that we call it as secondary alcohol. in the attach when it has three alkal groups. Okay, we call it as tertiary alcohol. Clear. So group primary group that is tertiary. Okay. So, CH3 right? C H2, correct? CH2 C2 H3. So CH3 C. So, C H O H C3.
7:47 So C3 Cre. So C clear super. So CH2 primary alcohol. Okay. CH secondary alcohol. Certary alcohol. Okay. So this is the hint which we should remember. How will you find it easily? You can see CH2 C.
8:32 Okay. So now we clearly understood what is primary, what is secondary and what is tertiary. Right? Okay. So then primary alcohol, secondary alcohol and tertiary alcohol it will be easier for you. So when even when we see CH2 in primary COH secondary, CO is tertiary. Okay. CH2O is primary. CO is COH is secondary and CO is tertiary. Okay. group.
9:21 Okay. Beta carbon double bond group. Okay. group C6 H5 C6 H5 CH2 group benzile group. Okay, this is just to know. Okay, so let us just refresh the nomenclature. So first rule we need to number it according to the longest carbon chain
10:07 correct. So number 1 2 3 which is meat eat prop. Okay. So propan second carbon O group. So propan 2 all correct. So how will you name this? Propan all. Okay. propan to all. Okay. What do you name this? Tick tick one. Tick tick two. Let me know in the comment section how do you name this? Very good. See this H5 CH2 group. In the group, this group itself is called as benzyl. So how can we name this? We can name it as benz.
10:53 So alcohol. Benz alcohol. Okay. So now how will you name this? Okay. It is not. Okay. So 1 2 3 4 5 6. So cyclex. Okay. What is this? Cyclexol. Okay. Cyhexenol. This is not phenol. Okay. Which you
11:39 should clearly understand. Okay. Okay. So, one is do all. What do you mean by all? Diol. try. Okay. CH2rim alsary. Very good. CH2O then it is of course primary. Okay. So what do you name this
12:26 name glycol? Okay name is glycol and common it is glycerol this is glycerol. Okay. So single bonds. So ethane 1 comma 2 di all. Okay. So ethane 1 comma 2 di all.
13:13 Okay. Let me know in the comment section. Okay. for answer. Okay. 1 2 1 2 3
13:59 All correct. So propane 1 comma 2 comma 3 triol. Okay. So propane 1 comma 2 comma 3 tri all is the upupac nomature of glycerol. Okay. So now let's understand the functional group. Okay. So what is the functional group here? Of course group organic comp. Okay. So
14:45 okay. So oxygen it has lone pair of electrons 11th standard in the chemical bonding chapter theory loone pair loone pair repulsion bond pair bond repulsion bond Lone pair loan pair repulsion.
15:32 Okay. repulsion. Okay. So, oxygen sp3 hybridized orital mean hybridized orital mixing of atomic orbitals hybridized orital. So oxygen sp3 hybridized sp3 hybridized. Okay.
16:18 So one with caron and hydrogen. Okay. So it is forming a sigma bond. Okay. So sp3 hybridized orital of oxygen sp3 orital of carbonap. Okay. sp3 orbital of sp3 electron of oxygen. Yes s of hydrogen hydrogen sap. Okay. So functional group which is simple in the carbon oxygen
17:06 bond length in phenol is less than methanol. This thing you need to understand. Okay. Okay. You can see CH3 is methanol. Okay. C6 H5 O is phenol. So CH3 so first. Okay. So what is the bond length
17:54 methanol? Okay. Methanol it is 142. Methanol 142. phenol it is 136. Okay 136th sp3 hybridized carbon. So this is sp2 sp2 hybridization clear. So
18:43 partial double bond double bond will underance. Okay partial double bond also sp2 hybridized carbon oxygen. Okay. So, sp2gen sp3 single bondg when you compared to double bond when you compared to triple bond which is sp hybridization double double bonded single bonded. Okay. SP3 carbon singly bonded
19:31 sp2 bonded. Okay. So reasoning questions which we should understand it for sure. So now coming to the preparation of alcohols five different methods also reagent alky magnesium car compounds ketones or hydroation. Okay. Okay. So first is from alkyes alkal.
20:17 So the general method sodium hydroxide. Okay. Take for example CH3 chloroane sodium hydroxide
21:07 CH3. So methile alcohol will be product. Okay. So alcohol correct. Okay. So primary alkal mechanism follow mechanism secondary alkarych. Okay, basics I will come and teach you more organic basics. Okay, need organic basics.
21:57 Okay, double bond. Okay, double bonded compounds. Okay. So basically water and concentrated sulfuric acid alcohols. So we are following rule. Okay. So unymmetric hydrogen double bond symmetric. So double bond
22:47 ales. Okay. So unsymmetrical I'm adding. Okay. Hydrogen hydrogen adds to more hydrogen. Okay. Okay. Say for example,
23:49 Let us write the product governing. So CH3 C H and then C H2 CH2 CH3 correct. Okay. Of course double bond. Yes. This is the product oxycuration and then de mercuration reaction. Okay. So oxy mercuration and mercuration. Okay. So here we have a alken. Okay. So in the aline I'm using these reagents. Okay. So what
24:35 is the name of this reagent? Mercury to acetate. Hg Aute. Okay. Across the double bonding. So just see the product. Okay. Just remove the double bond and add here a C intermediate sodium hydride in presence of sodium hydroxide for okay
25:29 Okay. Across the double bond O and then H. Okay. See here we have the benzene ring. Okay. So, benzene ring. Okay. Same hydrogen. Okay. We got alcohol. We got alcohol here. So this is one rare reaction. So now oxy mercuration and oxygen.
26:15 Okay. and alcohol. Okay. Yeah. Here we have. Okay. CH3 C single bond CH2. Okay. When I react it with water,
27:07 it will go and attach in this carbon. Okay. In the carbon here we get CH3 C H and then C H2 H. Okay. O A Okay. H G O A. Okay. in the mercury group using a reducing agent sodium borohydrate. Okay.
27:55 CH3 C H CH2. Okay. Just remove. Okay, we got the product. We are going to prepare from Grignard reagent. Okay, so we all know what is Grignard reagent? Alky magnesium. Okay, what is Grignard reagent? Alky magnesium. Alky Magnesium. Okay. Grignard reagent. Okay, which is R MGX alkal magnesium
28:42 RGard reagent. Okay, so first we are reacting with primary alcohol. So primary alcohol in presence of dry. So listen properly. Okay. group. Okay.
29:37 So, CH3 Brondy we are breaking. Okay, just break the bond like this. Okay, so We'll be getting alcohol CH2 CH2 O CH3 CH2 O Okay, Mg Br.
30:30 Okay. So reagent alcohol we need to react with forhide you should not forget that. Okay. So next we are going to prepare secondary alcohol. Okay. So reagent secondary alcohol we have to take CH3 CH acrimary alcohol formaldihide. secondary alcohol acid correct. So um CH3 CH2 Mgr we are reacting it with CH3 CHO okay in presence of
31:16 okay group CH3 CH2 group okay CH3 3 C Hygen O N G B R and then C H3 C H2 CH3. Okay, group we will be getting alcohol. So CH3
32:06 CH2 O group. So CH2 CH3 sorry CH2 CH3. So we will be getting alcohol as one of the product alcohol CH it is secondary alcohol. Correct? Okay. plus mg br okay so to prepare secondary alcohol we need to react grigard reagent with acetalihide okay secondary alcohol with identical group so what do you mean by identical group so we'll see the reaction for that I'm taking two molecules of methile magnesium halide Okay, I'm taking two
32:55 molecules of methile magnesium halide bromide. Okay, ethilemethaninoate. Okay, so Mgr, right? And then in the O CH3 Mgr O C H3 same listen listen Mg B R O C H3 Okay.
33:41 So remaining group. Okay. So alcohol. Okay. So two propanol. Okay. So, CH3 PH3 H. Okay. Propan. Okay. Very good. So, not so important. But alcohol that is very very important. Okay. So when I want to prepare tertiary alcohols
34:28 from grigard reagent I have to react it with acetone. What is acetone? Okay it is a ketone ketones. So just break the bond here. Okay. So CH3 CH3 and then O Mgr correct. So, O M GB Bright.
35:22 Okay. So, hydrogen in presence of water. So, just break the bond here. CH3 CH3 and then O H. Okay. So what is this alcohol? Tertiary alcohols. Okay. Chemistry weightage analysis will be given. Okay. This is tertiary alcohols. Okay. Plus Mg B R O H. Okay. Clear now. We have got
36:10 tertiary alcohols as the product. Okay. So now answer me reagent primary alcohol. Yes. With reagent primary also. H that is forihide. Okay. Formalihide primary alcohols secondary alcohols let me know when I have to prepare secondary alcohols. Now I have to react it with acetalihide. Okay. So acetalihide
36:58 secondary alcohols. Okay. So next tertiary alcohols. So with reagent I have to react it with acetone. Okay. So reagent. Okay. So that we will be getting the tertiary alcohols as the product. Okay. Super hydrooration reaction. Okay. Hydrooration reaction. So this reaction important block
37:43 right. So B2 H6. Okay. So this dior I'm reacting it with alenes. Okay. So listen properly listen. So one molecule of molecules of unsymmetrical. So basically so
38:29 Okay, just let us write the product C3. Okay. C H2 CH3 C2 CH2 because Okay. So, CH2 of course break. Okay. So distractions, diversions.
39:23 Okay. CH2. compound. Number of carbons, hydrogens, boron. Okay. So, borine. Three molecules of water. Okay. Yes. Yes. CBST.
40:10 Okay. If you want NCRT portions, I'm also preparing for J. I'm also preparing forina definitely this will be helpful. Okay. Because the concepts are all very very same, right? Okay. So, broine. Okay. Okay. What we'll be getting? Just listen. Just listen with full focus. Okay. So, CH3 CH2
40:56 Okay. Another that O group three group. Okay. O group B3 H3 BO3 which is what it is boric acid what is it boric acid. Okay very good. So now hydroboration reaction. So next coming to reduction of carbonal compounds which is very very important. Oxidation reduction reactions are very very very very important. Okay. So first
41:42 lithium aluminium hydide sodium borohydride. What are they? They are all reducing agents. Okay. So lithium aluminium hydride sodium borohydrate reducing agents. Okay. Very good. So ma'am, alcohol. Okay. you are going to answer me. Okay. So
42:33 if you try you'll be really really functional groupthium aluminium hydrate which is a strong reducing agent. primary primary alcohol C6 H5. Okay. Now tell me the product C primary alcohol C H2O H. Okay. So, CH2 O.
43:23 Okay. Then next we have C double bond in a group ketone. Okay. So, ketones secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols. Okay. Secondary alcohol. Secondary also same. Okay. So CH3 CH3. Okay. C H what is this alihide? Okay. So alihide I will be getting primary alcohol. Okay.
44:11 Primary alcohol. Primary alcohol CH2 double bond CH no mum at all. Okay. What is primary alcohol? CH2. Now correct. So CH2 H. So alihide group primary alcohol. So primary alcohols. Okay. Very good. Very good ma'am. hydrate agent. What is the sodium borohydrate in the sodium hydro
44:58 borohydrategium? So listen this. Sorry. ketone more reactive group. Okay. Sorry. Ketones more reactive group. Okay.
45:49 Yes. Okay. So secondary alcohol C H2 C2 C H So more reactive group sodium borohydrate reduce. Okay. So now we came to the very very important part of glycol. So glycol preparation and
46:39 oxidation chemical properties glycerol preparation oxidation properties chemical properties. Okay. So Preparation of glycol. Okay. Water react cold dilute alkaline potassium peragate. So in the question 242 but they ask reagent oxidation because reagent oxidizing agent. Okay
47:31 because it is a oxidizing agent. Okay. Cold dilute alkaline potassium permagnate. Cold dilute alkaline potassium permagate reagent hot dilute alkaline potassium. Concentrated potassium cold dilute acidic potassium. So reagent potassium. Okay. No confusion. So
48:17 agent oxygen group. So, C H2O H C H2O H. Okay. Glyol Ethane 1 2. Okay. Easy. for
49:04 det. Okay. Okay. Very good. So, let's go to the next question. Preparation of glycerol. Okay. Preparation of glycerol. So if a glycol is a diol, glycerol is a triol. Okay. Glycerol triol. Okay. Compound longchain fatty acid.
49:50 Longchain fatty acid. Okay. Hydrois. Okay. water break. Okay. So, glycerate. Okay. Glycerate. Sodium hydroxide. Na. Sodium hydroxide. group. Okay.
50:47 C H2O hydrogen C2 H. So C H2O HO H. So this is C H O H C2 O H. So this is C H2O H. Okay. Is this clear? Very good. Very good. So Glycer glycerol which is propane 1 2 3 triol. Okay. Sodium 1 2 3. Okay.
51:41 COH2 14 times CH3 easy. So three molecules of sodium. Okay. So molecules CH2 14 times. So CH2 CH3 sodium palmeate. Okay. Sodium palmate. Uh see how much time it took to write
52:28 this notes. Honestly, it took complete 8 hours. Okay. I wrote this not literally it took me around one week because I wrote this not so. Okay. Very good. So methods to differentiate primary, secondary, tertiary alcohols. Okay. So how are we going to differentiate primary alcohol, secondary alcohols and tertiary alcohols? This is the most most most important part of this lecture. Okay.
53:14 Okay. One is Lucas test. The other one is Victor Mayor test. Okay. So, primary alcohol in the no reaction. So, primary alcohol. No reaction.
54:04 Okay. So firstrim tary primrimary. Okay. secondary alcohol. So slow. Okay.
54:53 Okay. Tertiary alcohols. Immediate. Okay. Tertiary alcohols. Immediate. Okay. So alcohol. So now coming to Victor may testrimary alcohol alcohol. Okay. Secondary alcohol green.
55:38 Okay. secondary alcohols blue test and Victor mayor test. Okay. Okay. So 12th public question and question.
56:24 they will ask us to write. Okay. So, assertion and reason type of question. So, Lucas test reagent concentrated hydrochloric acid and hydro zinc chloride. Okay, you have to remember concentrated hydrochloric acid and then hydro zinc chloride. Okay, glucose reagent. Okay. So, primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, tertiary alcohol. So, CH2O primary alcohol, CHO, secondary alcohol, CO trim alcohol. So,
57:11 concentrated hydrochloric acid in presence of anchloride. So react primary alcohol no reaction react. Okay. Secondary alcohols. Okay. CH3 2 * CB.
57:58 Okay. So, CH3 2 and then C H C. Okay. So, CH3 3 * C. So CH3 3 * C immediate form. So basically primary alcohol react secondary and Okay.
58:48 Okay. So, first step iodin presence of phosphorus. Okay. First step we'll be reacting it with iodin in presence of phosphorus. Second step, silver nitrate, AgN2 react. Third step, H N O2 nitrous acid. Okay. HN2 nitrous acid react. And fourth step, potassium hydroxide react. Okay. Fine. So R alcohol. So alcohol is reacting with iodine in presence of phosphorus. Okay. iodine in presence of phosphorus.
59:35 O group that O group will be replaced by the iodin will be replaced by in the iodin will be replaced by okay nitrous potassium hydroxide primary alcohol secondary alcohol. Very good. So we are going to write the reaction
1:00:22 understand the reactions of primary alcohol test. Okay. So primary alcohol CH3 C H2O H okay CH3 CH2 Odin presence of phosphorus iod replace CH3 CH2. Okay.
1:01:10 CH3 C H2 N2. Okay. Nitrous acid Hydrogen. Okay. C H3 C N O H
1:02:13 K H. potassium hydroxide. Okay, I'll be getting red color. So mom, which means CH3, C N O2, N O K. Okay.
1:03:04 Okay. CH3 two times C H. Okay. CH3 C H. Okay. So quickly quickly yes very good. So PH3 2 * C H I Okay. So CH3 2 * C H N O2. Okay. So
1:03:57 next step what will happen? Yes. Very good. Very good. So CH3 2 * C sorry
1:04:42 bond form when I pass it with potassium hydroxide blue. So secondary alcohols. Okay. So either way I'm reacting it with tertiary alcohols. Okay. Next step I'm reacting it with tertiary alcohols. So tertiary alcohols. CH3 three times C. So first in presence of phosphorus. Okay.
1:05:31 Okay. So, CH3 times groupit alpha hydrogen. So alpha hydrogen alpha hydrogen no reaction potassium hydroxide no reaction. Okay. So Lucas test primary alcohol will not
1:06:17 react. Okay. Victor mayor tertiary alcohols will not react. Okay. Yes. What are the properties of alcohols? So what are the properties of alcohol? So properties lower alcohols. lower number of carbons. So lowerids and highly soluble water als number of carbons. So higher alcoholids
1:07:11 because number of number of groups. Okay. So boiling point is higher than alkan alihide ether because of ether interolcular hydrogen bonding alsolecular hydrogen bonding temperature I need high temperature so that's why alcohol boiling point will be higher than alkan alihide ether.
1:07:59 Okay. So now I am asking you a question just primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, tertiary alcohol boiling point. Yes. Primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, tertiary alcohol number of sorry boiling point which one will be having the higher boiling point. Very good. Yes, it is primary alcohol. Okay. So boiling point you need to know this order. Okay. Then
1:08:47 next I told you so. R group. So number of number of groups it is hydrophobic in nature. Okay. So yeah finally we have completed classification of alcohol, preparation of alcohol and test of alcohols. Now we came to the chemical properties of
1:09:35 alcohol. Okay. And the chemical properties reaction nucleophilic substitution reaction. So first know what is a substitution reaction. Okay. So say for example rightuc Nucleophilic substitution reaction group. Okay.
1:10:24 CH3 CH2 H. Okay. So O is alcohol. Okay. Ethanol. Right. So in the O group, Brus Brusopuc Okay. Max always comes in period.
1:11:14 Okay. Okay. So, CH3 CH2 HMO easy
1:12:02 reaction. Okay. So now HBR correct? Okay. pair of electron positive charge. Hydrogen is also called as proton positive charge. So it will form a bond. Okay.
1:12:48 easier. Okay. So, CH3 CH2. Okay. H2B. Okay.
1:13:38 Ends with one positive charge. Okay. So, Okay. C H3 C H2 B.
1:14:25 Okay. Soap broine. So that's how Okay. Very good. Very good. Super. So substitution reaction one SN1 reaction. So basics. Okay. SN2C
1:15:13 nucleopilic substitution reaction. Okay. SN1. It is unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction. SN1 reaction. Okay. So one reaction so CH3 C3 C3 it is a tertiary alcohol. So C3 no change at all. Okay.
1:16:06 oxygen positive charge. CH3 CH3 CH3 carbon positive charge. Okay. So next step.
1:16:52 Okay. product. So, CH3 CH2.
1:17:41 Okay. Addition reaction. Addition reaction. Addition addition reaction carbon double bond carbon right. Okay.
1:18:26 You go relax. Okay. Is that clear for everybody? Yes. Mechanism just to understand. Okay. Right. So, O group sorry. Okay. So O group C
1:19:14 O group you're going to replace it with chlorine chlorination chlorinating agents right so phosphorus trichloride PCL3 in presence of SO2 theal chloride in presence of pyodinom PCL5 phosphorus triricchloride phosphorus penta chloride chlorinating agent. So chlorinating agent group substitute. So listen listen with full focus. So, CH3 C2
1:20:01 chlorine CH3 chlorination very good. So elimination reaction of alcohol dehydration. I always say hydrate yourself. Hydration which is accepting the water is called as hydration. Okay. dehydration dehydration will be keep happening.
1:20:47 Right? So dehydration I have to use something called as dehydrating agent. Okay. the dehydration. I should be using a dehydrating agent. And the dehydrating agent sulfuric acid. Okay. So dehydrating agent H2O sulfuric acid. Okay. So 443 beta hydrogen Beta elimination.
1:21:35 Beta elimination. Beta elimination. hydrogen CH2 CH2 correct. So CH2 double bond CH2. Okay. So E with the elimination of water. So sulfuric acid
1:22:25 alsum. Okay. So alcohol. Alcohol. carbon alpha and alpha beta. Okay. Alpha hydrogen alpha hydrogen beta carbon hydrogen beta hydrogen. So see lone pair of electrons correct lone pair of electrons.
1:23:14 So sulfuric acid H24 H2O CH3 CH2 positive charge Okay. CH3 C3 C H2 H
1:23:59 CH2 Hit Bond That's how CH2 double bond CH2. Very good. Okay. So
1:24:46 step by step by step. So first step it is protonation. Okay. So alcohol tertiary alcohol protonation sulfuric acidic H3 first
1:25:38 Okay. So, next bond oxygen. Okay. first step. Okay. First step, right? Okay. So, dehydration mechanism. Okay. So
1:26:32 water. Okay. positive correct. Very good. So carboation formation this is step two. Okay that is deprotonation. So deprotonation. Okay, that will lose its hydrogen
1:27:21 in the product for so CH3 C double bond CH2 CH3 methile prop one in. Okay. So, second group say clear. Okay. Very good. So, dehydration of alcohol reactivity
1:28:06 primary secondary dehydrate. Okay. So reactivity dehydrate when you compare with secondary and primary. So reactivity primary and secondary and tertiary increase. Next coming to the rule which is called as vf rule. Okay. So during intermolecular dehydration intramolecular dehydration okay so dehydration correct
1:28:57 we call it as dehydration. Okay. Soon more stable. So here I have this alcohol. Okay. Dehydration.
1:29:46 I'm reacting it with I'm reacting it with sulfuric acid. So sulfuric acid HO3 H. H O S O3 H correct. Okay. So I have lone pair of electrons right. So lone pair of electron sorry. Okay. So it will form a bond with
1:30:32 hydrogen. Hydrogen it will form a bond. Okay. So product of so CH3 CH3 C H. Okay. CH3. So charge. Okay. Okay. We know it right. Okay.
1:31:18 That will get removed as water. positive charge connect. So CH3 CH3 CH3 C dehydration reaction. Okay. CH3. Okay.
1:32:05 So, yeah. So CH3 group CH3 group. Okay. C H CH3. Very good. So now Okay. So shift.
1:33:04 Okay. So CH3 already Hey friend. Okay.
1:33:55 CH3 group, CH3. Okay. So hydrogen
1:34:45 correct. So either double bond. Okay. So CH3 CH3 double bond. Okay.
1:35:36 C C H3 C3. Okay. Okay. C H2. Okay.
1:36:24 CH3 group CH CH3 CH3 group. Okay. Okay. Yellow. Blue. Blue.
1:37:16 Correct. So CH3 CH3 C H double bond C H2 Okay. Okay.
1:38:14 major which is 64% 64% 33% last okay now you can ask me okay more substituted Alkenes stable more substituted ales and carbon double bond substitutions. Okay. In the carbon carbon double less
1:39:02 hydrogenity three hydrogen no hydrogen zero hydrogen even more stable three hydrogen Two hydrogen. Two hydrogen. So zero hydrogen. More majority. Two hydrogen. Majority. Okay. Last
1:39:53 C double bond. CH3 group. Okay. Easy. Okay. fruit. So dehydration double bond more substituted more substituted alkenesity more substituted ales are stable. Okay. This is what we need to understand. Okay. Yeah. So next is oxidation of alcohols.
1:40:38 Okay. So oxidation of alcohol easy this thing you need to know. Primary alcohols oxidize alihide alihide oxidize secondary alcohols oxidize ketone. Okay. So primary alcohol oxidize alihide alihide. Secondary alcohol ketone ketones it is acid. Okay.
1:41:34 I have to use PCC. PCC oxidizing agent full form podinium chloro chromate. Okay. So PC chlorocromate instead. Okay. So let's see examples. We have ethanol here. Acidified sodium dromate. Sodium dromate. Potassium dromate. These are all oxidizing agents. Okay. These are all what? Oxidizing agent.
1:42:20 Okay. So, CH3, CH2, O ethanol. I am reacting it with acidified sodium dromate. So, C H3 in the CH2O group primary alcohol alihide oxidiz. Okay. acid. C O Hid.
1:43:09 Very good. Very good. Okay. Next is propan to all. Okay. Propan to all. So alcohol. Secondary alcohol. Secondary alcohol. ketone. Okay, we will be getting ketone. So, C O H. Okay. C O H ethaninoic acid product of okay
1:43:57 now we are using podinium chloro chromate podinium chloroid primary alcohol alcohol primary alcohol. So primary CH3 CH2 CH2O primary alcohol oxidize CH. Okay. So till this
1:44:45 okay so next it is swer oxidation. Okay sworn oxidation. So also which is dimethile sulfoxide. So oxidizing agents it is a oxidizing agent. Okay. Plus oxal
1:45:34 chloride in presence of triyl. Okay. alcohol. Now let me know. So primary als Primary alcohol secondary alcohol alcohol ketones double bond O double bond double bond O. Okay.
1:46:32 Two molecules of Hcl. Two of H. Okay. Next. Carbon oxygen. Carbon monoxide. No oxygen oxygen group. Okay. So this we'll write in yellow
1:47:19 color. Okay. So dimethile sulfur. Okay. CH3 CH3 two times. Yes. Okay. So oxidation alcohol CH3. Okay. Very good. So next is biological
1:48:04 oxidation. So what is biological oxidation? Okay. So toxin poison. Okay. Poison. So poison process is called as detoxification. Okay. Toxin to detoxify. So alcohol detoxify.
1:48:53 Okay. alcohol. So alcohol speed enzymes are called as bio catalyst. Say for example I'm doing a reaction in a lab. Okay.
1:49:40 Okay. Enzymes. So enzymes are called as bio catalyst. So alcohol dehydrogen dehydrogenase. Okay. A D H alcohol dehydrogen alcohol. Okay. Nontoxic alcohol dehydrogenous alcohol.
1:50:26 Dehydrogenous chemical reaction we use potassium permagnate or sodium dromate body oxidizing agent. What is this a nicotinamide ducleotide? Okay. oxidizing agent alcohol dehydrogen. Okay, very good. So let me know let me know quickly what is this N A nicotinomide?
1:51:12 It is a oxidizing agent. What is this? A DH alcohol dehydrogenous catalyst. Enzyme. Okay. Enzymes are bio catalyst. Correct. So alcohol CH2 oxidize. Okay. So alcohol affect.
1:52:18 Okay. Alcohol number addict. So liver failure number. Very good. Catalytic dehydrogenation.
1:53:03 Okay. Dehydration. Dehydration. Waterc dehydration. Okay. Dehydrogenation. Hydrogen removecess. Dehydrogenation. Okay. Hydrogen. Dehydrogenation. Hydration. Dehydration. primary secondary. Okay. Okay. So, 573
1:53:50 ketones I'm getting alihides or I'm getting ketones. Okay. So, CH2O What is this? Is this a primary alcohol or secondary alcohol? CH2O CH2O. It is a secondary alcohol. CH2O it is a secondary alcohol. So, secondary alcohol copper in presence of 573. So heat. Okay. H is primary. Sorry. Primary
1:54:36 primary alih secondary. Okay. when I use the same catalyst 573. So CH3 C double bond CH3. Okay. Okay. So let's see tertiary alcohols. You can see tertiary alcohols right also.
1:55:46 group double bond for so double bonded. So double bonded C H2. Okay clear the elimination of very good. Next very very important reaction alcohol. Okay. So what isation aliders?
1:56:40 So here we have this O alcohol. Okay. C O R R C O R easy C H3 C H2 CO H3 CH3 R C Okay,
1:57:30 okay, very good. Next, reactions of glycol. Okay, so reactions of glycol 1 2 which is also called as glycol. Okay. P3. This reaction is little bit important reaction. CH2 CH2.
1:58:24 CH2 double bond CH2 easy nitration nitration. Okay. So what is nitration? What is nitration? N2 group nitration. Okay. So glycol it is a do right. Glycol is a d. Okay. So nitration we need nitrating agents right nitrating agents
1:59:10 nitric acid and sulfuric acid concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid. So, okay. H3 and H2 correct. H O N C H2O
1:59:56 N2. Okay. CH2O NO2 C H2O N2. Okay. So, nitration reaction. What is HO2? H3. Okay. Listen. H N2. H O N. Sorry. H3. H3 H2. Okay. Very good. Dehydration of glycol. Dehydration.
2:00:42 Glycol. Dehydration. So, right. Okay. It will go out as water. It will go out as water. Okay. C H2O C H2O. Okay. epoxy
2:01:27 oxy. Okay. So, dehydration of glycoly73 I'm just heating it in 773. Okay. Dilute sulfuric acid in presence of anhydroincloride reagent is concentrated sulfuric acid in presence of anhydroincide dilute sulfuric acid. This is actually very important but this is very very important. Okay.
2:02:17 Okay. C H2. Okay. Single bond. T H. Double bond for double bond form type of interchangeable structure.
2:03:02 CH2 CH3. Okay. CH3 C H O Okay. CH3 C HO. So I will be getting ethanol as the product. ethanol product. Okay. So, dilute sulfuric acid in presence of zinc. Okay. Two molecules of glycol.
2:03:51 two molecules of glycol and glycerol two molecules of glycol. Okay. Hiogen oxygen. Okay. CH2 bond CH2
2:04:38 C H2 bond CH2. Okay. So this is 1 4 dioxyane. Okay. This is 1a 4 dioxy. Okay. So this particular reaction is very very easy. Okay. Glycol it is primary alcohol. Okay. It is primary alcohol. So primary alcohol
2:05:27 alcohol. Okay. Primary alcohol alcohol. Primary alcohol. glycol, glycolic, glycolic acid, oxylic and oxy. Okay. So, nextly
2:06:16 oxidation. This reaction is also very very important reaction. Okay. This reaction is also very very important. Okay. We have we have uh CH2O CH2 using periodic acid HO4ic acid. So glycol HO4
2:07:01 okay Hi4 which is per iotic acid so H2 okay so CH2O C H2O it is react acting with iodin. Okay, it is reacting with iodin. I double bond O double bond O. structure.
2:07:48 So group already h IO3 water. So,
2:08:36 okay. CH2 CH2 H C H O H C H O. So this is H C H O which is called as formalihide. Okay. Ho which is called as pm alihide. Okay very good. So next reactions of glycerol. Okay. Reactions of glycerol. So the glycerol nitration reaction glycol reactions. Okay. Next we are going to see the
2:09:24 glycerol nitration. nitration. We need a nitrating mixture and nitrating mixture concentrated sulfuric acid concentrated nitric acid. H3 H2SO4 H N3 in the nitric acid. Okay. So, hydrogen. C H2 O N O2
2:10:09 C H O N O2 C H2 O N O2 CH2O NO2 1 2a 3 tri nitroxy propane Okay 1 2a 3 tri hydroxypropane with the elimination of three molecules of water. Okay. Nitration of glycerol. Okay. Dehydration of glycerol. Glycerol. Dehydration. So this reaction is very very very very important. Okay.
2:11:08 Okay. C H2 C H C H O C H O Okay. Propation. Okay. So, dehydration of glycerol. We are taking glycerol. CH2O CH2O. Glycerol concentrated
2:11:54 concentrated KH. two molecules of water remove dehydration I'm using dehydrating agents like sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid or KHSO4 okay dehydration process sorry oxidation process alcohol primary alcohol. So, CH2 primary alcohol. Okay.
2:12:51 Primary alcohol primary alcohol primary alcohol CH2 Okay, secondary alcohol. Okay, are you all clear? Very good. So primary alcohol alihide alihide. Okay.
2:13:39 Okay. So glycerol primary alcohol glycericidrim. Okay. secondary alcohol. Misoic acid. Okay. Okay.
2:14:25 Primary alcohol. Okay. Secondary alcohol ketone oxy. Okay. So single single step. Okay. So oxidation of glycerol. So yes finally alcohol we came to the uses of alcohols. Okay.
2:15:13 So methanol boiling point very few boiling point difference. Okay. So, Okay.
2:16:13 Which is toxin which is poison for our body. Chloroform alcohol. Sorry. Power alcohol. Okay. Antifreeze in mobile radiators. Mobile radiators. Okay. Nitroglycerin nitration
2:17:12 agent cosmetics. transparent soaps in the pure clock. Okay. Okay. Very good. So now reactivity series. Okay. Now coming to acidity. Acidity tendency to give hydrogen ions we call it as acid. Right. Yeah. So
2:18:00 tendency to donate hydrogen we call it as acid. So more acid. Okay. So dissociation constant of acid. Okay. So dissociation constant of acidity. So Ka of alcohol 10us 10us ka dissociation conant of water
2:18:46 1.8 into when you compare with alcohol. When you compare with alcohol which means when you compare with alcohol. Okay. Yeah. So ethanol basean react. Okay. Basodium hydroxide
2:19:35 primary secondary and tertiary alcohol. Okay. So when you compare with secondary and tertiary. So primary more when you compare with secondary and tertiary. Okay. So when it has a electron withdrawing group electron withdrawing group minus I group. Okay. So elect withdrawing group increase. Okay.
2:20:26 Group electing group electron withdrawing group like chlorine. So group electing group example group CH3 group. Okay.
2:21:15 Okay. Super alcohols as bronze base. Okay. So, bronze. Okay. So, alcohol acid. Water. Alcohol. Huh?
2:22:03 Of course. when you compare with alcohol. Okay. Say alcohol base. Okay. Okay. So with the base with C6 H5
2:22:54 C6 H5 N C6 H5 NA sodium oxide water solution. Hydrogen H3. Okay. H3. Okay. C6 H5.
2:23:43 Okay. Dissociation constant of water. Okay. Okay. So phenol when you compare with water and alifhatic alcohol. Okay. So phenol phenol is more acidic than water than alifhatic alcohols. Okay. Clear more acidic when you compare with water. And lastly also
2:24:42 electating group. Okay. Very good. So Ka which is the dissociation constant of directly proportional. Okay. Sorry. dissociation constant right so pKa which is equal to minus log a okay ionic equilibrium minus logity
2:25:37 increase. Okay. So when pKa increases aciditycrease when pKa increases acidity decrease. Okay. So arrange the following in increasing order of acidity. Arrange the following in increasing order of acidity. So, nitrophenol pKa value. Okay. PK indirectly proportional.
2:26:33 arrange the following in increasing order of acidity. Okay, what have they given pKa value? Okay, so they have given the value of pKa. So, what should we be doing? Yes. Very good. Okay. Yes. So, finally we completed alcohols.
2:27:32 Okay. Clear super. So let's begin with phenol. So phenol we also call it as carolic acid. Okay. Okay. opposite that is called as par. So meta para
2:28:18 clear. Okay. So now coming to the preparation of phenol we have hoar benzene sulfonic acid analin cumine. Okay. So preparation of phenolarines, benzene, sulfonic acid, analine and cumin preparation process. Okay. First is from this process is called as the famous D process. Okay. So I am taking chlorobenzene. Okay. sodium hydroxide33
2:29:05 and 300 pressure. Okay. First, sorry. Okay. hydrogen. Okay. sodium oxide
2:29:50 in presence of H. So we will be getting O. Okay. Very very easy, right? Super benzene. So benzene SO3 Henzene
2:30:36 SO3 sodium hydroxide. Okay. So SO3 H. Okay. SO3 Hydrogen sodium group sodium.
2:31:26 Oh phenol easy. Okay. And this process is called as dioization important. Okay. So what is this diazotization process? Okay. So in presence of H. Okay. H2.
2:32:15 Okay. H2. Hey. Hey. What is this? What is this? Benzeneasonium chloride. Okay. Dazonium chloride. Water. Nitrogen. we get phenol as the product. Okay. So
2:33:06 two things you need to understand. First step number we are going to prepare benzene dsonium chloride. N2 in presence of HCL N2. So benzene H2 will be replaced by N2. Okay. So I'm going to prepare this phenol. Now I have to react it with water. So H substitute. So next reaction.
2:33:53 Yeah. One of the most important reaction. Okay. Isopropile benzene. Okay. So in the isopropyl benzene. So 23 H3 P4. Okay. So here I have alen. Okay. Here I have alen. Okay.
2:34:41 Here you have a carbon. It is forming a bond. C H3 C H
2:36:24 So I'll repeat again. Okay. So I'm reacting it within. Okay. So in presence of air% hydroparoxide we will be getting hydro peroxide
2:37:10 hydrop. Now what will happen ma'am? Okay, this is how the bond will be broken. Okay, so CH3 what is this? Acetone CH3 COH3 acetone. Okay.
2:37:55 phenol. Okay. So phenolum this is how we prepare. Okay. Very good. So now coming to the properties of phenol and then it is hyroscopic hyroscopic. Say for example biscuits which means absorbs moisture corrosive poisonous
2:38:41 and it has low melting point. Now coming to the solubility. Okay. Slightly soluble. Okay. Slightly soluble because of the hydrogen bonding. Okay. Now coming to boiling point. Okay. And the boiling point of it is the high boiling liquid. Okay. Okay.
2:39:26 Which means it is light sensitive. Okay. Light sensitive. Okay. So now coming to the properties chemical properties of phenol. Okay. Chemical properties of phenol which is important. Okay. Okay. Okay. Yes. Okay. benzene
2:40:19 ring easy reaction with ammonia. So ammonia product for NH32 and the reaction and hydras zinc chloride. and no water, no moisture. Dry. Okay.
2:41:09 And hydr formation of esters form. Okay. So, CH3 CO. Okay. Acid chloride group. Okay. CH3 acid chloride group CH3 C. So CH3.
2:41:56 So CH3 phenile ethaninoate. Okay. So phen. Okay. Very good. So Williamson ether synthesis. Okay. So William synthesis we are going to prepare ether. One thing I must to tell in the reaction formation in the reaction is the naming reaction which is called as short and bowman reaction. Okay. The reaction short and Bowman reaction. Okay. So next coming to Williamson ether synthesis. Okay. Williamson ether synthesis
2:42:44 sodium hydrox we know what will happen CH3 iodide. Okay. O C H3. So O C3. Okay. So metoxybenzene which is anol which is ethersis
2:43:37 very good. So, sodium hydroxide clear. Very good. Oxidation oxidase acidified potassium dromate in presence of concentrated acidified potassium dromate concentrated sulfuric acid.
2:44:23 Okay. So double bonded oxygen. Okay. benzo. So acidified potassium dromate reduction reaction. So reduction. Okay.
2:45:09 Double bond. Alternate single and double bond. Alternate single and double bond. Cyclex. Cycl. Say for example already we have hydrogen correct.
2:46:03 Okay, we don't have the double bond alternate single and double bond. Okay. Okay. Which is very very important. Okay. Okay. Electrophilic electrophilic substitution reaction. What do you mean by a substitution reaction?
2:46:54 Right. electrofphilic substitution reaction. Okay. Nitro nitro. Okay. Nitration O2. nitration. Okay. H group
2:47:44 bromination. Okay. So let me again teach you. Okay. Nitration group. Okay. Bromination electrophilic substitution reaction. We will revise it one more time.
2:48:45 Okay. Nitration N2. Nitration N2. Nitroation N. Nitroation group. Okay. SO3 H group. Okay. Bromination nitration reagents nitration reagents basically we will be using concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid. So concentrated HNO3 nitric acid concentrated H2SO
2:49:34 nitroation nitro H N O2 Nitrous acid nitric acid HN2 nitrous acid okay H2SO4 Sulfuric in presence of water. Broman in presence of water. Okay. Easy. Okay. This one will be very very easy for you.
2:50:21 Okay. Yeah. So nitro station HN2 in presence of 278 you can see here that nitration% Okay. Nitration concentrated nitric acid as well as sulfuric acid. This is very very important. Very very very important group nitropenolic
2:51:10 acid. Okay. This is the picid structure concentrated sulfuric acid. Okay. 2803 groupitute bromination. Okay. Broman in presence of water bromination. Okay. Or meta sorry both
2:52:00 carbon dulfide in presence of C4in. and okay one minute just look at this one minute just look at this so I'll again h2 nitrous acid nitroso
2:52:48 concentrated nitric acid as well as acid. Okay. So is this clear? Okay. So nitration nitroation bromination chlorination right okay very good. So next important naming reactions and one of them is reaction and the second one we'll be studying is rearr what are we doing? We are taking phenol right. So the phenol salic then what are we doing in reaction
2:53:35 alihide? Okay. Salicylic reaction. Okay. Very good. reaction. So hydroxide. Okay. Very good. So, I have phenol here. I'm reacting it with sodium hydroxide.
2:54:23 Okay. Hydrogen sodium conversation.
2:55:17 for hydraysis. Right. So, Okay. So, group Cicilic
2:56:08 acid. Very good. Super. So salicylic acid. Okay. Next time reaction alihide. Okay. So phenol chloroform CH3 in presence of sodium hydroxide I get salihide. Okay. I get salihide. Okay. So first I'm taking phenol here. Okay. CH3 chloroform in presence of sodium hydroxide
2:57:01 hydroxide. Sodium oxide. Sodium. remaining. So the Cy
2:57:49 C. Okay. Nodium. Okay. So salicylic acid
2:58:37 is salicylic acid and that is salicy alihide. Okay. So next is thaline reaction. Okay. So next is thaline reaction. So inaline reaction what are we going to do is we are going to prepare the phopalene. So indicators so particular phopine we are going to prepare here. Okay. So we are going to prepare phopalene. Okay. So yeah listen with full focus. So reaction two molecules of benzene with
2:59:22 an hydrateic. Okay. So we have benzene ring here. Okay. And then double bond. Double bondic and hydide. Okay.
3:00:17 group double bonded oxygen. So, so here when you see Okay. clear. Okay. Phopaline. Okay. So, phopalene. Okay.
3:01:06 So, which is coupling reaction. Okay. So, basically coupling reaction. the coupling reaction. So benzene chloride we are coupling it with benzene chloride. So C6 H. Okay. H
3:01:51 remove. Okay. Of course. triple bond. Double bond. Okay. Red hydroxy benzene. Okay. Yes.
3:02:41 So phenol. But what are all the difference between phenol and ethanol? Okay. Phenolan differences. Sodium hydroxide. sodium. So these are all the very very key difference between the phenol and ethanol. Okay.
3:03:27 Main differences. Let's go to the uses of phenol. Okay. So phenol. So in the preparation of palm alihide starting material for sal aspirin phacetin medicines okay starting material phopylene indicator okay phopylene indicator then acid is explosive in nature then soap It is antiseptic. Antiseptic
3:04:14 microorganisms. We have completed phenols also. So alcohols, phenols. Can we all go to ethers? Ethers. Very good. So let's begin with ethers. Okay. So ethers first thing what we need to understand is ethers functional group. R O R number ether functional group. Okay we'll begin with ethers. So ethers group o group ethers. Okay. So what is the
3:05:01 general formula? Oxygen. Okay. So, CN H2N + 2 O CN H2N + 2 O. Okay. So, simple and then mixed. Okay. So, simple. Okay. normal compound which is derived from aromatic compounds pleasant smelling compounds benzene derived compounds. Okay, this just a classification of ethers. So next structure of the
3:05:49 functional group als structure of the functional group in the R group bulky group. Okay, bulky group at least correct. So oxygen sp3 hybridized orital forms bond with carbon
3:06:35 hybridized sp3 pair of electrons easy. Okay. Nomenclature. Okay. OC3 group. What do we call this group? Called as OC3 group. Group. Metoxy. Okay. Group. Correct.
3:07:22 CH3. Okay. Etoxy. So this is benzene poxy benzene because methane benzene P. Okay. Yes. Preparation of ethers. So intermolecular dehydration of alcohol alcohol dehydration. Okay.
3:08:14 CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2 ether preparation. Okay. So mechanismch okay so positive charge correct molecule of allecule
3:09:00 alcohol. Okay, CH2 H3 CH2. So R O R. Easy. R O R. Samech. Okay. Next. Williamson ethers.
3:09:48 Okay. SN2 mechanism. Okay. So, Williamson synthesis CH3 which is sodium broth. Okay. CH3 C2 H5 CH3 C2 H5. Okay. Yes. Methilation of alcohol. Okay. Alcohol group methylation which is methile group substitute. Okay. We are going to
3:10:34 substitute the methile group there. Okay. So the methilation. So we have CH3 CH2 ethanol. Okay. Diaz HBF4ic acid. So in the particular reaction in the fluoric acid is acting as a catalyst. Okay. In the particular reaction which means it is speeding up the reaction. Okay. So
3:11:23 CH3 CH2 W CH3 it becomes CH3 okay CH2 CH3 so that we'll be getting CH3 CH2O CH3 three. Okay, very good. Physical properties of ethers. We call it as okay moment 1.81. Okay.
3:12:15 So, so now because of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. So intermolecular hydrogen bonding als Okay. Alcohol. What is that? Boiling point will be higher than ethers and alanes. Okay. Next coming to solubility. Okay. Polar components nonpolar
3:13:04 ethers are polar. Okay. Yes. So now we came to the most important part which is chemical properties of ethers. Okay. Chemical properties of nucleophilic substitution reaction. Okay. So nucleophilic substitution reaction nucleophilic substitution reaction. You know what is substitution reaction right? So it is called as the substitution
3:13:50 reaction. So nucleophile nucleophilic substitution reaction. So in the nucleophilic substitution reaction when you compare with hydrogen iodide and hydrogen bromide. Hydrogen iodide when you compare with hydrogen bromide. Okay. Just break the bond here. Okay. R group CH3 CH3 CH2 H. Okay.
3:14:46 Okay. So okay C6 H. So C6 H plus CH3 addition reaction. Okay. How is this addition reaction happening? We need to know the mechanism of the addition reaction mechanism. Okay. That follows one mechanism. Okay.
3:15:34 I have this ether right. Okay. Easy. Okay. Yes. So alcohol number excess of HX. Okay. Excess of
3:16:21 alkalhalide react. So we have the alcohol ethile alcohol or ethanol excess of HBr. Excum. Okay. Bromo product of particular reaction is very very important. Okay. which is auto oxidation of ethers. So in the particular reaction
3:17:10 oxidizing agent okay oxidation of ethers. Okay. So okay CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 Okay. So excess of oxygen just in presence of oxygen mixture of two different products. Okay. So first
3:17:59 between this carbon and hydrogen between this carbon and hydrogen oxygen in the product one ethoxy ethile hydroparoxide one ethoxy ethile hydropoxide okay mixture oxygen oxygen Okay. Okay. So, one is
3:18:49 Okay, very good. So, Okay. Then okay. Yes. This question is more important. This reaction is very very important. This is also chlorination of ether. Okay. Ether chlorination. Okay. Phosphorus pentaclor chlorination. Okay. So here I have this etherclus
3:19:42 just break the bond here CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2 CL So two molecules of CH3 CH2 P3 So this reaction is very very important actually. Okay. Four slides. Okay. Listen with full focus and full energy. We can see. Okay.
3:20:29 I will give you the PDF. Okay. I will give you the PDF. Okay. Phosphorus oxychloride. P3 phosphorus oxy chloride. Okay. Very good. CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3. Okay. Okay. Dilute sulfuric acid in presence of water. CH3 CH2O CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2O two molecules of ethanoly
3:21:24 chloride CH3 CL product CH3 CH2 CH3 Okay. Okay. So next is aromatic substitution electrphilic substitution reaction. Okay. Next is aromatic electrphilic substitution reaction.
3:22:12 So direct okay group. Okay. First substitution. Okay. We are going to substitute halogens. Okay. So chlorine florine broin iodin parosition and
3:22:58 bromo groupitute and sorry. So bromination presence of major minor product. So nitration nitrating mixture correct nitrating mixture. So what is this nitrating mixture? Concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. A combination of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid nitration
3:23:48 nitrating mixture. So okay group so and par nitro. Okay very good. So next is freedal craft reaction. Okay. So craft reaction CH3 CL group. Okay. So alkalide group in presence of anhydra aluminium chloride. and hydro aluminium chloride.
3:24:41 So this is alkalation. Okay. Alkilation reaction. Acilation reaction group. CH3 parosition CO sorry CH3 easy. Yes.
3:25:30 Anesthetic. Okay. Then organic reaction extraction. Then volatile starting fuel. So starting fuel. Okay. Then refrigerant. Preparation of perfume. Perfume.
3:26:17 Insecticide, pharmaceutical agent, medicinal products we will be using. So yes. Okay. So okay. Okay. scholarship admission entrance examinations.
3:27:03 Okay. Also ma'am I want to revise with you. Okay. So 50 days, 50 marathons. So subjects physics chemistry. Most of you are there already. online. So 200.
3:27:49 Okay. So scholarship all the
