Brief Summary
This YouTube video by Disha Arts Classes introduces a "Ram Ban" series for 12th-grade Political Science students, focusing on objective questions crucial for exams. The series will cover both books of the syllabus, starting with "Politics in Independent India," followed by "Contemporary World Politics," and important chapters from the 11th-grade Constitution book. The lecture includes objective questions from the first chapter, "Challenges of Nation Building," with detailed explanations and additional information.
- The "Ram Ban" series aims to provide comprehensive objective preparation for exams.
- The series covers both 12th-grade Political Science books and relevant 11th-grade content.
- The lecture includes detailed explanations of each objective question, enhancing understanding.
Introduction to Ram Ban Series
The presenter, Vikas Kumar, welcomes students to Disha Arts Classes and introduces the "Ram Ban" series, a YouTube-based initiative to teach objective questions for the 12th Political Science syllabus. He emphasizes the importance of these questions for the upcoming exams and assures comprehensive coverage. The series will initially focus on the first book, "Politics in Independent India," covering objective, short, and long answer type questions before moving on to the second book, "Contemporary World Politics," and relevant chapters from the 11th-grade Constitution book. He urges students to share the class with their friends across Bihar to benefit as many students as possible.
International Day of Non-Violence
The lecture begins with the first objective question: When is the International Day of Non-Violence celebrated? The answer is October 2nd, commemorating Mahatma Gandhi's birthday. The presenter provides background information on Mahatma Gandhi, including his birth date (October 2, 1869), place of birth (Porbandar, Gujarat), his role in India's independence movement, and his assassination on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse. Gandhi's philosophy of Ahimsa (non-violence) is highlighted, emphasizing why his birthday is celebrated as the International Day of Non-Violence.
Poona Pact
The second question discusses the Poona Pact, which occurred in 1932. It explains that the Poona Pact was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Babasaheb Ambedkar. The agreement aimed to ensure the political participation of the Dalit community. It was recognized that without political representation, the condition of the Dalit community could not improve.
Mandal Commission
The discussion moves to the implementation of the Mandal Commission's recommendations. The Mandal Commission was formed to address the backwardness of the OBC (Other Backward Classes) community in society. The presenter details that the commission was chaired by B.P. Mandal, who presented his recommendations in 1980 to the then President, Gyani Zail Singh. The key recommendation was to provide 27% reservation for OBCs to improve their social and economic status. Despite subsequent governments, it was Prime Minister B.P. Singh who implemented this reservation.
Obstacles in Nation Building
The lecture addresses the obstacles in the path of nation-building. It explains that after India gained independence on August 15, 1947, it faced numerous challenges. One major challenge was the partition of the country based on religion, leading to the creation of India and Pakistan. This division resulted in significant issues such as regionalism, linguistic diversity, and casteism, all of which posed obstacles to unifying the nation.
States Reorganization Act
The discussion shifts to the reorganization of states in 1956, focusing on the basis for this reorganization. Before independence, it was agreed that states would be formed based on linguistic lines once India became independent. In 1920, the Congress party affirmed that states would be created based on language. To facilitate this, the States Reorganization Commission was formed in 1953, headed by Justice Fazal Ali. The commission submitted its report in 1955, and in 1956, the States Reorganization Act was passed, leading to the creation of 14 states and six union territories based on linguistic criteria.
Chairman of the Mandal Commission
The presenter asks who was the chairman of the Mandal Commission, and answers that Bindeshwari Prasad Mandal was the chairman. He also reminds the students that Mandal had recommended 27% reservation for OBCs.
First Municipal Corporation in India
The lecture discusses the establishment of the first municipal corporation in India. The first municipal corporation was established in Madras in 1688.
Municipal Corporations in Bihar
The presenter asks how many municipal corporations are there in Bihar, and answers that there are 19 municipal corporations. He also explains that municipal corporations fall under the municipality system, which gained constitutional status through the 74th Constitutional Amendment in 1992. The municipality system was implemented nationwide on June 1, 1993.
Panchayati Raj System
The lecture discusses the ideological basis of the Panchayati Raj system in India. The Panchayati Raj system is based on the ideology of Mahatma Gandhi, who envisioned the establishment of village panchayats. The formation of village panchayats is mentioned in Article 40 of the Indian Constitution. Although there was initial opposition from figures like Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Panchayati Raj system eventually gained constitutional status through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment in 1992. National Panchayati Raj Day is celebrated on April 24.
Formation of New States in 1960
The presenter asks which states were formed in 1960, and answers that Maharashtra and Gujarat were formed in 1960.
European Union
The lecture discusses the number of members in the European Union. The European Union was initially known as the European Community. It was renamed the European Union in 1992. Initially, it had 28 member countries, but after England left in 2020, the number of member countries is now 27. The European Union has its own currency called the Euro.
Founder of Indian National Congress
The lecture discusses the founder of the Indian National Congress. The Indian National Congress was founded on December 28, 1885. The initial plan was to establish it in Pune, but due to the spread of the Haze disease, it was established in Mumbai at Gokul Das Tejpal Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya. The founder was A.O. Hume, who was an English officer from Scotland. The first president of the Indian National Congress was W.C. Banerjee.
Divide and Rule Policy
The lecture discusses the British policy of "divide and rule." The British promoted the policy of divide and rule to create conflict between Hindus and Muslims.
Mahatma Gandhi's Last Words
The presenter asks what were Mahatma Gandhi's last words when he was assassinated, and answers that his last words were "Hey Ram."
Integration of Hyderabad into the Indian Union
The lecture discusses how Hyderabad was integrated into the Indian Union. When India became independent on August 15, 1947, there were 565 princely states. They were given three options: to join Pakistan, to join India, or to remain independent. Some princely states, like Hyderabad, Jammu Kashmir, and Junagadh, wanted to remain independent. The ruler of Hyderabad, known as the Nizam, also wanted to remain independent. However, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Home Minister at the time, used force to integrate Hyderabad into the Indian Union in 1948.
Reorganization of Northeast India
The lecture discusses the reorganization of the remote eastern regions of India. The reorganization of the northeastern states was done through the 27th Constitutional Amendment in 1972.
Two-Nation Theory
The lecture discusses the two-nation theory. The two-nation theory, which means two countries, was proposed by the Muslim League. The Muslim League was founded in 1906 under the leadership of Agha Khan. The two-nation theory was strongly advocated by Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The two-nation theory was based on religion.
Features of Indian Federal System
The lecture discusses the features of the Indian federal system. The features of the Indian federal system include the division of powers, an independent judiciary, and the supremacy of the constitution. However, dual citizenship is not a feature of the Indian federal system. India has a single citizenship system.
Formation of Telangana
The lecture discusses the formation of Telangana. Telangana was formed as the 29th state of India in 2014, after separating from Andhra Pradesh. However, currently, there are 28 states in India.
Saurashtra
The presenter asks to which state does Saurashtra belong, and answers that it belongs to Gujarat.
First Task of a Newly Formed Nation
The presenter asks what is the first task of a newly formed nation, and answers that the first task is nation-building.
First Prime Minister of India
The lecture discusses where did Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru take his oath as the first Prime Minister. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru took his oath at the Red Fort. He was administered the oath by Lord Mountbatten.
Mountbatten Plan
The lecture discusses the Mountbatten Plan. The Mountbatten Plan is related to the partition of India. The partition of India was based on religion. The Mountbatten Plan was announced on June 3, 1947. It stated that India would be divided into two parts: India and Pakistan.
Chairman of the Partition Committee
The presenter asks who was the chairman of the Partition Committee formed in 1947 for the partition of India, and answers that Lord Mountbatten was the chairman.
When was the Mountbatten Plan Made?
The presenter asks when was the Mountbatten Plan made, and answers that it was made on June 3, 1947.
Demand for Pakistan
The lecture discusses the demand for Pakistan. In which session of the Muslim League was the demand for the creation of a country named Pakistan raised? The demand for Pakistan was raised in the 1940 Lahore session of the Muslim League, under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
State Reorganization Commission
The lecture discusses the State Reorganization Commission. When was the State Reorganization Commission formed? The State Reorganization Commission was formed on December 29, 1953. The chairman of the commission was Fazal Ali. The commission submitted its report in 1955, and the State Reorganization Act was passed in 1956.
State Reorganization Act Passed
The presenter asks when was the State Reorganization Act passed in the Indian Parliament, and answers that it was passed in 1956. As a result, 14 states and six union territories were created.
When did the State Reorganization Commission Submit its Report?
The presenter asks when did the State Reorganization Commission submit its report to the Government of India, and answers that it submitted its report in 1955.
Division of India after Implementation of State Reorganization Act
The presenter asks after the implementation of the State Reorganization Act, into how many units was India divided, and answers that it was divided into states and union territories.
Responsibility for Integrating Princely States
The lecture discusses who was given the responsibility of integrating the princely states into the Indian Union. The responsibility of integrating the princely states into the Indian Union was given to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. There were 565 princely states in India. The government of India also created a ministry for the princely states, and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was made its chairman. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the first Deputy Prime Minister of India and the first Home Minister of independent India. He is also known as the Iron Man of India.
First Deputy Prime Minister of Independent India
The presenter asks who was the first Deputy Prime Minister of independent India, and answers that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the first Deputy Prime Minister.
First Home Minister of Independent India
The presenter asks who was made the Home Minister in the government of India formed after independence, and answers that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the Home Minister.
Iron Man of India
The presenter asks who is known as the Iron Man of India, and answers that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is known as the Iron Man of India.
Ruler of Hyderabad
The lecture discusses which ruler of which princely state was called Nizam. The ruler of Hyderabad was called Nizam. He was the richest person in the world at that time. He did not want to join India. However, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel launched an operation and integrated Hyderabad into India in 1948.
Integration of Hyderabad into the Indian Union
The presenter asks when was Hyderabad integrated into the Indian Union, and answers that it was integrated in 1948.
Integration of Manipur into the Indian Union
The lecture discusses when was Manipur integrated into the Indian Union. The king of Manipur did not want to join India. However, an agreement was signed on October 15, 1949, and Manipur was integrated into the Indian Union.
Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
The lecture discusses which ruler of which princely state was called Prime Minister. The ruler of Jammu and Kashmir was called Prime Minister. The ruler of Jammu and Kashmir at that time was Raja Hari Singh. He had declared himself independent.
Integration of Jammu and Kashmir into the Indian Union
The lecture discusses when was Jammu and Kashmir integrated into the Indian Union. The ruler of Jammu and Kashmir was a Hindu, but the majority of the population was Muslim. Jammu and Kashmir was integrated into the Indian Union in 1947.
Condition for Integration of Jammu and Kashmir
The lecture discusses the condition on which Jammu and Kashmir was integrated into the Indian Union. Jammu and Kashmir was integrated into the Indian Union on the condition that it would have more autonomy than other states. It was given Article 370 and Article 35A. Jammu and Kashmir had its own constitution and its own flag.
Demand of Andhra Movement
The lecture discusses what was the main demand of the Andhra Movement. The main demand of the Andhra Movement was the creation of the state of Andhra Pradesh on the basis of language. The leader of the Andhra Movement was Potti Sriramulu. He went on a hunger strike and died after 56 days. After his death, the government had to give in and create the state of Andhra Pradesh in 1953.
First State Formed on Linguistic Basis
The presenter asks what was the name of the first state formed on the basis of language, and answers that it was Andhra Pradesh. It was formed in 1953.
State Reorganization Commission
The lecture discusses the State Reorganization Commission. The State Reorganization Commission was formed to create states on the basis of language. It was formed in 1953. Its chairman was Fazal Ali. It submitted its report in 1955. The State Reorganization Act was passed in 1956. As a result, 14 states and six union territories were created.
Which was not a Union Territory?
The presenter asks which of the following was not a union territory after the implementation of the State Reorganization Act, and answers that Madras was not a union territory.
Division of Bombay State
The presenter asks which two states were formed by dividing the Bombay state, and answers that Maharashtra and Gujarat were formed.
When were Maharashtra and Gujarat Formed?
The presenter asks when were the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat formed, and answers that they were formed in 1960.
When was Nagaland Formed?
The presenter asks when was the state of Nagaland formed, and answers that it was formed in 1963.
Which States were Formed by Dividing Punjab?
The presenter asks which states were formed by dividing Punjab, and answers that Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh were formed.
When did Himachal Pradesh Get Statehood?
The presenter asks when did Himachal Pradesh get statehood, and answers that it got statehood in 1971.
First Indian War of Independence
The lecture discusses the First Indian War of Independence. In 1600, the East India Company came to India from England and gradually took control of India. The people of India realized that the East India Company had enslaved them. The East India Company followed the policy of divide and rule. In 1857, a revolution took place in India against the East India Company, which is known as the 1857 Revolution or the Sepoy Mutiny. It was led by Mangal Pandey. The revolution was triggered by the Enfield rifle, which used cartridges greased with animal fat.
Number of States in India
The presenter asks how many states are there in India at present, and answers that there are 28 states.
Number of Union Territories in India
The presenter asks how many union territories are there in India at present, and answers that there are eight union territories.
Unity in Diversity
The lecture discusses who described India as having "unity in diversity." India is known as the country of diversities. There are people of different religions, castes, cultures, and languages. Despite these diversities, the people of India live together in unity. This feature was described by Jawaharlal Nehru.
McMahon Line
The lecture discusses where is the McMahon Line. The McMahon Line is the line that divides China and India. It is located in Arunachal Pradesh.
Ruler of Kashmir Before Independence
The presenter asks who was the ruler of Kashmir before independence, and answers that Raja Hari Singh was the ruler.
Who Signed the Instrument of Accession?
The presenter asks who signed the Instrument of Accession to India from Kashmir, and answers that Raja Hari Singh signed it.
Frontier Gandhi
The lecture discusses who is known as the Frontier Gandhi. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan is known as the Frontier Gandhi. He lived in Peshawar. He opposed the partition of India.
Number of Princely States in British India
The presenter asks what was the number of princely states in British India, and answers that there were 565 princely states.
Which Princely State Refused to Join India?
The presenter asks which princely state refused to join India after the declaration of independence, and answers that Hyderabad refused to join India. The ruler of Hyderabad was called Nizam.
Formation of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand
The lecture discusses when were the states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Uttarakhand formed. Jharkhand was formed by separating from Bihar. Chhattisgarh was formed by separating from Madhya Pradesh. Uttarakhand was formed by separating from Uttar Pradesh. All three states were formed in 2000.
Price to Pay for Independence
The presenter says that India had to pay a very big price for its independence, and asks who said this, and answers that Jawaharlal Nehru said this.
Communal Decision
The presenter asks who announced the communal decision, and answers that Muhammad Ali Jinnah announced it.
Who Assassinated Gandhi?
The presenter asks who assassinated Gandhi, and answers that Nathuram Godse assassinated Gandhi.
British Took Over India
The lecture discusses under which act did the British government take over the rule of India. The British government took over the rule of India under the Government of India Act 1858.
Partition of India
The presenter asks under which act was the partition of India done, and answers that it was done under the Indian Independence Act 1947.
Who Administered Oath to Nehru?
The presenter asks who administered the oath to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru as the first Prime Minister, and answers that Lord Mountbatten administered the oath.
Constitution Assembly
The lecture discusses the formation of the Constitution Assembly. The Constitution Assembly was formed under the Cabinet Mission Plan. The Cabinet Mission Plan came in 1946. The task of the Constitution Assembly was to make the constitution. There were 389 members in the Constitution Assembly. However, after the partition of India, the number of members was reduced to 299.
World Non-Violence Day
The presenter asks on which date is the World Non-Violence Day celebrated, and answers that it is celebrated on October 2.
Two-Nation Theory
The presenter asks who propounded the two-nation theory, and answers that Muhammad Ali Jinnah propounded it.
Chairman of State Reorganization Commission
The presenter asks who was the chairman of the State Reorganization Commission, and answers that Justice Fazal Ali was the chairman.
Who Implemented Mandal Commission?
The presenter asks which Prime Minister implemented the recommendations of the Mandal Commission report, and answers that B.P. Singh implemented it.
Chairman of First Backward Commission
The presenter asks who was the chairman of the first Backward Commission, and answers that Kaka Kalelkar was the chairman. It was formed in 1953 to improve the condition of OBCs.
First Education Minister of India
The presenter asks who was the first Education Minister of India, and answers that Abul Kalam Azad was the first Education Minister.
State Reorganization Commission
The presenter asks which statement is false about the State Reorganization Commission, and answers that the statement that the State Reorganization Act was passed in 1966 is false.
Introduction to the Second Chapter
The presenter says that the first chapter is finished, and now they will move on to the second chapter.
Missile Man of India
The presenter asks which President of India is known as the Missile Man, and answers that Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam is known as the Missile Man.
Advocate of Party-Less Democracy
The presenter asks who was the advocate of party-less democracy, and answers that Jayaprakash Narayan was the advocate.
First Governor-General of Independent India
The presenter asks who was the first Governor-General of independent India, and answers that Lord Mountbatten was the first Governor-General.
Founder of Bharatiya Jan Sangh
The lecture discusses who was the founder of the Bharatiya Jan Sangh. The Bharatiya Jan Sangh was founded in 1951 by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. The party opposed Article 370, which gave special status to Kashmir. In the first general election in 1952, the party won three seats.
First Foreign Minister of India
The presenter asks who was the first Foreign Minister of India, and answers that Pandit Nehru was the first Foreign Minister.
Party System in India
The lecture discusses the type of party system in India. There are three types of party systems: single-party system, two-party system, and multi-party system. India has a multi-party system.
First Vice President of India
The presenter asks who was the first Vice President of India, and answers that Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was the first Vice President.
Second General Election in India
The lecture discusses when was the second general election held in India. The first general election was held in 1952. The second general election was held in 1957. The third general election was held in 1962.
Establishment of Muslim League
The presenter asks when was the Muslim League established, and answers that it was established in 1906 under the leadership of Agha Khan.
Establishment of Indian National Congress
The presenter asks which political party was established in 1885, and answers that the Indian National Congress was established.
Establishment of Indian National Congress
The presenter asks when was the Indian National Congress party established, and answers that it was established on December 28, 1885.
A.O. Hume Founded Which Party?
The presenter asks which political party was founded by A.O. Hume, and answers that he founded the Congress party.
Who Led the Establishment of the Socialist Party?
The presenter asks
