Brief Summary
This video presents a timeline of ancient Rome, starting from its mythological founding in 753 BC to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the end of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 AD. It covers key events such as the establishment of the Republic, territorial expansion, Julius Caesar's dictatorship, the rise of the Roman Empire, the conquest of Britain, various rebellions, construction of significant landmarks like Hadrian's Wall and the Coliseum, the adoption of Christianity, and the eventual decline and fall of Rome.
- Founding of Rome and transition to a Republic.
- Expansion and key figures like Julius Caesar.
- Conquest of Britain and construction of landmarks.
- Internal conflicts, rebellions, and religious shifts.
- Decline and fall of the Roman Empire.
The Founding of Rome and the Republic (753-509 BC)
In 753 BC, according to Roman mythology, the city of Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus. This marks the beginning of Roman civilization. By 509 BC, Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic, a pivotal change in its political structure.
Expansion and Conquest (202-55 BC)
Starting in 202 BC, Rome began expanding its territory, leading to significant conquests. By 130 BC, Rome had conquered Greece and Spain, extending its influence across the Mediterranean. In 73 BC, Spartacus led a major slave uprising, challenging Roman authority. Between 55 and 54 BC, Julius Caesar unsuccessfully invaded Britain, marking an early interaction between Rome and Britain.
Julius Caesar and the End of the Republic (54-27 BC)
From 54 to 43 BC, trade between Britain and Rome grew, establishing economic ties. In 5 BC, Julius Caesar became Rome's first dictator, signaling the end of the Roman Republic and a shift towards imperial rule.
The Roman Empire Begins (27 BC - 100 AD)
In 27 BC, the Roman Empire officially began with Caesar Augustus becoming the first Roman Emperor. In 43 AD, the Romans successfully conquered Britain, establishing Roman rule. Between 47 and 50 AD, Londinium (London) was founded, and roads were constructed to facilitate Roman administration. By 51 AD, Caratacus's rebellion was crushed by the Romans, solidifying their control. From 60 to 70 AD, a guards and temple were built in Bath, then known as Aquae Sulis. In 61 AD, Boudicca led a rebellion against the Romans. The Great Fire of Rome occurred in 64 AD. By 70 AD, the Romans conquered Wales, the North, and Jerusalem, expanding their empire further. Between 75 and 77 AD, the last of the northern tribes were defeated, completing the conquest of Britain. In 79 AD, the Roman invasion of Scotland began.
Construction and Consolidation (80-142 AD)
In 80 AD the Coliseum was completed, a symbol of Roman engineering and entertainment. By 121 AD, Hadrian's Wall was built to mark the northern boundary of Roman Britain. In 138 AD, Roman attempts to conquer Scotland continued. By 142 AD, the Antonine Wall was built further north in Scotland.
Decline and Fall (200-476 AD)
Around 200 AD, barbarians began attacking Rome, signaling increasing instability. In 208 AD, further attempts were made to conquer Scotland. By 209 AD, Saint Alban became the first Christian martyr. In 212 AD, Rome withdrew troops from Scotland. By 286 AD, Carausius declared himself emperor in Britain and Northern Gaul. In 293 AD, Emperor Carausius was assassinated. By 306 AD, Constantine became emperor. In 312 AD, Constantine converted to Christianity, a turning point for the empire. By 380 AD, Theodosius I made Christianity the official religion of the empire. In 410 AD, Rome fell to the Visigoths, and Roman rule in Britain ended as Anglo-Saxons arrived. By 476 AD, the Western Roman Empire fell, marking the end of ancient Rome and the start of the Dark Ages in Europe.
End of the Byzantine Empire (1453 AD)
In 1453 AD, the Byzantine Eastern Roman Empire ended, concluding the long legacy of the Roman Empire.
