Class 11th ZOOLOGY: 1st Free Class of ANIMAL KINGDOM By UJJAL SIR🔥| NEET 2026

0:00 Do you stay over here only? I stay near this point school. Near school. For how long you are in the school? Same school. East Point school. Just after uh up till class 10. Where were you? Before class 10, I was at K number two. K number two. Yes. Number two. Because some problems were causing because of admission, attendance problems. Attendance problem. So you wanted to give much of time not going to school and give more of time in yes in in education start.

0:48 Okay. So today's I'm going to start with the topic called Enmill Kingdom. So it's a live class. So feel free to ask me any questions that you are already having fine if you have got any. See the topic is about animal kingdom and uh when we talk about this chapter when we talk about this chapter animal kingdom this is a very very important class important topic important topic very good evening it's a very important topic uh for especially meat okay so why because every year four minimum four questions come from this chapter called animal kingdom Okay. Now, animal kingdom that means we have already covered how many topics? We have

1:34 covered the first topic called the living world. The living world again you know that uh in NCERT some of the topics have been deleted from this chapter like the keys of uh taxomic keys is already been deleted. So many of the topics being deleted from that chapter. Then the second chapter we have dealt up with is biological classification. is about biological classification. Now bio classification also it's very very important where we have talked about two kingdom classification, three kingdom classification, four kingdom, five kingdom and even we have talked about six kingdom and seven kingdom classification also. Now uh this classification chapter we know according to the five kingdom

2:21 classification there are five different types. What are they that we have studied about kingdom? Come on tell me kingdom first kingdom mona which includes all unicellular procariots. All unicellular procariots examples mainly are the organisms which comes under that is blue green algae and bacteria. Blue green algae and bacteria. The second type of you know kingdom is kingdom prodista. So when we talk about kingdom protea that means we are talking about mainly all unisellular ukariots. All unisellular ukariots. The third one is kingdom fungi which includes all multisellular ukarots. But the mode of nutrition is what? The mode of nutrition

3:07 is they are sacrifites or sacrops. The fourth kingdom is about kingdom. Kingdom planting which includes all multisellular multisellular ukariots but the mode of nutrition is autorops. What is the fifth fourth one? Fifth one is kingdomia. So when we talk about kingdom we talking about what all multisolar ukarots but what is the mode of nutrition the mode of nutrition is hetros. So that means in third chapter we have already covered about plant kingdom. We have covered about plant kingdom and the fourth chapter that we are now dealing up with is animal kingdom which includes all multisellular all multisellular. So all multisellular

3:55 all multisellular ukariots and all multisellular ukariots and their mode of nutrition is what they are basically heterero means what different those which depends upon different organisms for their food. Clear? Now under this kingdom an animalia we have to understand so we basically we are talking about the most most advanced organism called kingdom animeia. So let us find out how we can classify kingdomia. How we can classify kingdom animeia. So there are many of the there are many of the you know basis on many basis we can

4:40 classify them. So let us have some conversation and we are going to go on. Fine. It should not one way. It should be both of it. Number one, the first way we can classify organisms is on the basis of their level of organization. So the first one is what? Level of organization. So level of organization. So on the basis of level of organization we can classify organism into four types. So basically let us do like this. Fine. Let me tell you my dear students you know the moment you study you you have to study like this. This is the way that you should classify organisms because your brain your cerebrum is going to memorize things when it is written in classifying order not in a written written pattern. If I could have

5:28 gone by this way also A B C D E your brain is going to get confused. So brain always remembers sketches clear sketches. So always try to you know classify things in biology or any other subject. Level of organization number one is cellular level that means cellular is the basic unit because we know the cell is the basic structure and function of life. So the first way that we can classify organism that is animals is on the basis of level of organizations and the basic level of organization is what cellular level of organizations. The second type is what tissue level of organization. So when we talk about tissue level that means many of the cells together having same origin and common functions we call it tissue. So definitely tissue level is a little bit

6:13 more advanced over cellular more advanced over cellular. Do we have tissue level? No. Many of the tissues together they make what? Organ. So the third one is organ level organization which is a little bit more advanced over tissue level. And the last one is about system organ system level of organization. Organ system level of organizations. Now when we talk about organ system level organizations that means we are talking about what the most most advanced type of looks like we are the most advanced. Why? Because we have got help me out what are the organ system that we are having in our body. Yes. Tell me somebody we have got come on system. We have got digestive system.

6:59 Very good. We have got digestive system. We have got circulatory system. Circulatory system. Now you can you have got the idea. Now respiratory system. Go on. Yes. Excitary system. Then excretive system. Then we have the reproductive system, nervous system, endocrine system. So that means this is the most advanced type of level of organizations. Fine. And because this is live class I would you know suggest you if you have got any doubt you can comment me in the comment section. Okay. Now oral system is the most advanced one. Order system is the most advanced type. Now when we have talked about level of

7:46 organizations I must tell you that the question in it comes from name the film wherein they have got similar level of actions. Name the film when for the first time they have part tissue level of organizations. Name the film which are having for the first time organ level of organizations or sometimes they can ask you about the organism having or the film having organ system for the first time. So mind you first time they're not going to ask about last time because still evolution is going on. So they cannot ask you about this. Clear? So first time named the organism having this as a you know this uh any one of them they can ask you any one of them as the first level of

8:32 organizations. The second way that we can classify animals is on the basis of symmetry is on the basis of symmetry. What is the meaning of symmetry? Symmetry means we can classify them. Then we can classify them. Get a bit we can classify them into three different symmetries. Three different ways. What are they? The first one is are symmetrical. Now what is the meaning of symmetry? That means say this is amba is a unicellular what ukarot proariot? Come on tell me when we talk about amiba proteus. When we talk about amiba proteus, this is unicellular ukariot or unicellular procariot. It's a unicellular ukarot

9:19 organism. So if this ambiba which is you know irregular shaped organism if you want to cut it into two equal halves if we have the mechanism can we cut it into two equal halves in any plane? No. If we cannot divide a particular organism into two equal halves in any plane, we call them to be asymmetrical. Mind you again? Yes. Anka, are you getting me? What is it? Asymmetrical is what? Without that means if we are not being able to divide an organism into two equal halves in any plane, then we are going to call it as asymmetrical. So definitely they are going to be very very primitive type of organisms. The second type is what? After symmetrical

10:05 they are bilateral symmetrical. Very good. Bilateral symmetry. They show bilateral symmetry. What is the meaning of bilateral? By means what? Two. Lateral means what? So say this is organism. This is human being. This is human being. Fine. This is human being. And uh say this is it. Yeah. This is human being. Now some of you is like this. Say tushar is like this. So Tusar if I cut you into two equal halves I'm going to cut in this plane is the only plane I can cut you into two equal halves. Think about Tushar is having being human he is having a vertebral column. So at the back side he's having vertebral column that is what is called as backbone. That means you can divide any organism

10:52 any vertebbrate be cow buffalo dog cat right from the tip of the snout to the tip of the tail you can divide it. And while dividing while cutting into two equal halves you have to cut out what the backbone also if you start cutting out from the nose of a dog if you cut it you have to divide from right from the vertebral column till the tip of the tail that means all vertebbrates they show what bilateral symmetry but when we are talking about kingdom animeia that means we are talking about invertebr first that is non-cordits then we are going to talk about protocodits And then when we talk about cordates so we come under which film cordata so the most or most advanced organisms but they are also

11:40 present in some invadata clear. So bilateral symmetry basically they present in all vatip and then when we to study about each finum we have to understand it. So binary symmetry is definitely advanced over as symmetrical. So this is the second type. The third type is radial symmetry. The third type is radial symmetry. When we talk about radial symmetry that means radial means what? Radial means whenever we talk about radial symmetry that means what comes immediately in our mind is about starfish. We can divide starfish in into two equal halves in more than one plane. We can divide in this plane. We can divide in this plane and make two equal halves. We can divide in this plane and get two equal halves. That means radial symmetry are shown by those organisms

12:25 which can be divided into two equal halves in more than one plane. But in case of viral symmetry they can be divided only in one plane. They can be divided into two equal halves in only one plane. Can I divide twoar into two equal halves in this plane? Never ever. So that is the difference between radial and bilateral and radial symmetry. Yes, you got the idea. Yes. So, what is the difference between asymmetrical, bilateral symmetrical and radial symmetric? Asymmetrical, you cannot divide the body into two equal half in. In any plane. Bilateral two halves in only one plane. Radial two halves in more than one plane. Example of this is what? Starfish.

13:12 Example of this is what? Starfish. Now my dear students whenever we talk about any organism always remember that when we talk about any organisms we have to understand we have to remember the scientific name of that organism. We have to remember the scientific name of that organism. Is this clear? What is the science of a starfish? And mind you this should be your nature. If you want to make big in your life mind you how you can you can distinguish yourself from other students by knowing those scientific name which majority of the students they don't know mind you that because this year you have seen in neat I I I must not remind you again ne 2025 was what kind difficulty level was was

13:58 there so always think about it starfish is what sandimma starfish is aas very good asteras now The moment we talk about aster, a mean is what? Star. Aster means what? Star. Can anybody tell me a particular type of strength ka? Starting with aster. Stra ka. Starting with aster. Astrosclerics. Astro sterics. They are starships. And the presence of that sometimes can affect what our esophagalus. There is allergic reactions which occurs due to having some food which are which may get highly allergic and there is a problem

14:43 in our esophagus lining. So they are as a aster means what start. Now we can also classify the symmetry into one another one and that is after radial we can also call it as a biraial which is not there in our NCERT. Biraial means bilateral and radial. Those organisms which can show what kind of symmetry? Bilateral symmetry as well as radial symmetry. What kind of organisms can show like that? Say for example, yes, new student what is your name? Suan sir. Suidan. Subidan sir. Subidan. Suan you tell me if this is a C animal. This comes under area. They have a tent tag over there. It's a sea animal. Some say suidan you

15:29 you have your birthday and you have invited 10 of your friends. So how many piece of this birthday cake you are going to make? 10 pieces. So how you going to make it? You're going to make a radial symmetry. 10 pieces. 10 other good friends of yours whom you have not invited. They have come down without invitation just to make you embarrassed and also they are going to make fun of you. Uh fine. Now think about it. Not 20. 10 more friends have come. What you going to do? You want to cut it from here. So how many pieces you going to have? 20 pieces. So this shows what bilateral symmetry as well as it is showing off with what? Radial symmetry. So majority of the nutrients they show biraial symmetry. Got the point? Got the point?

16:15 So this is bal. So an organism which can be divided into two equal halves in in one plane as well as in more than one plane. they called as biraial symmetry. So on the basis of symmetry we have classified them into four different types. The third way of classifying all the animal kingdom is about on the basis of body cavity. On the basis of body cavity and what is that? That is called cylom. That is called selomo. Now what is uh let me give you this idea first. Say this is again say who is it? Suan. Okay, let's talk about him. What is this babu? This is stomach. Now this is intestine system. D system. Okay, now this is small intestine. This joins with the

17:03 large intestine. This is vomifendix. Then this is the ascending what? Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, rectum, the sigmoid colon. And this is anus. Now consider this is your body and this is your whole body. Now between think about it now this is liver out here. Say for example this is liver out here. Now the liver is present in between what? Body wall and gut wall. This is the gut. Gut starts from mouth ends with anus. Now this is the gut wall between gut wall and body wall. Can you see an organ present? What is organ called? Liver. So the gap between again I repeat when the

17:49 gap between gut wall and body wall there is a cavity and this cavity is called silo. This cavity is called now is it good for you that you have got film? Yes, because having film you can house the different organs like liver you can house the different organs like liver pancreas gallbladder they're present where they're present between gut wall and body wall so over here this is a gallbladder the pancreas and these three is going to dip down where in the cpod clear now think about it so this part is called silo. If I cut the section and show you like this, this is the gut wall

18:37 and this is the body wall. This is the gut wall and outside the gut wall. You can see there's a green lining and this is the body wall. There's a green lining. What are these green portions called? They are called meoderm. They're called meoderm. That means if this is the gut, if this is the gut and this is the wall. So between gut wall and the body wall, what is present? If meodorm is present, we are going to call this kind of organism to have a true silo. We call it ucill organism. U means what? We already know we have talked about ukariots. U means what? True in biology.

19:22 That means what is the meaning of ucil? Use it means having true selom. That means if the sylum or the body if the body cavity is being lined both by both inwards and outwards by meodm we call it as a true selenum or ouilament organisms. That means when we talk about or body cavity we can classify these organisms into three different types. Yes. So vidan tell me what is the type that just now we talked about? Usilomate that means having true or false. True. So when we talking about true that means there's definitely a term called pseudo. So pseudoate organism. Pseudo means what? Sudom means false. So having false. Now what is the

20:09 meaning of having false? So this is the body wall and this is the gut wall. Between body wall and gut wall they are not having a well lined meodorm they have got me glea in a pouch fashion in a pouch fashion they are not completely regular and these structures are called meog glear so pseudocate there is only one example of that there are only one example of that and that makes this point as a very very important for neat examination and what is that the film having Philem ash helmets phylm ash helmentus phylm ash helmentus ash helmentus and the example of one of the example of

20:57 this as is what round one word tell me what is the scientific number of round one you have already studied in class nine ascaris lubricus ascaris lumbricidis okay so this is about cerosome The second type is zero. Yes. Shidan is this clear? Yes sir. Tell me what what should be the first one? What should be the first term? First one having no sum. Having no sum is what? Just like this. Just like symmetry we have talked about the first one is what? Asymmetrical. So what is the term we are expecting right now? Asomate. Very good. So the this is what now called as aomate. That means an organism having without

21:44 serum means without. So without body cavity the organism having no body cavity clear which one is the most primitive most advanced uculment. What about you Subita? You are true orament. Yeah very good. So you come under that is all corates majority of the cordets they come under. This is the third way of classification. Come down to the fourth one. Help me with the fourth one. We can also call it as the germinal layer. So on the basis of germinal layer, on the basis of germinal layer, we can classify Edmma kingdom into two types. One is diploastic and one isolastic. One is diploastic,

22:31 one is diploastic and one isolastic. Diploastic. Now what is the meaning of the term D? D means what? Two to two means they have got ectodorm and endoderm as a germinal layer. Ecto means what? Ecto means outside. Endo means inside. Come on. How you have to remember endo? Under. Endo under inside. Here ecto or exo outside. Okay. Now triplastic. TR is what? TR is three. So how many layers they have? They have three layers. Come on. The first one should be ectodorm

23:16 outside. Very good. Endodm inside and in middle is meodorm. Meso means what? Middle. So whenever you come across a term called meo, meo means always middle. Meso is always middle. So mess. Meso. Come on. Me where in the middle part. Today also we going to study if we can complete this classifications. I'm going to start with the film polyera. We going to talk about misen fine the middle layer between outer layer of the polyera and the inner layer of the polya they have got misenal layer we want to talk about miseny also it's very important in biology. So the word misen what is common between vesm and misen mess mess means middle clear.

24:02 So if an organism is having three general layer we call them as triplolastic organism. If they have got two layers we call them as diploastlastic organism. So now you have got a lot of questions like sir what is the meaning of general layer? Let us go into that. Yes. Normally we know that this is the female reproductive part. This is a female body part. Fine. Say this is fimry. Okay. This is not a newer new diagram that you are watching right now. You know it. Yes. Now uh inside this inside this ovary there's a structure called graphen follicle. What is this? Graphian follicle. This is graphian follicle. And

24:48 this graphen follicle they have got secondary site over here which you call it as over which you call it as O is present over here. And you already know from class tense in standard information from 0 to 28th day plus minus 2 date what is it? It's a menstrual cycle. Very good. It's a menstrual cycle which is shown by all coordinates. All coordinates dog shows menstrual cycle. No dog shows cycle. Very good. Isra cycle and you know majority of the mahals which are which come under the order primata. Which come under the order? Prime mata they show what menstrual cycle so it's a menstrual cycle is a 28 plus - 2 day cycle fine and what happens on the 14th day in

25:33 the middle part of this mineral cycle what happens ovelation occurs and what is ovelation ovelation is nothing but when the graph follicle p to release the second site okay now that's a different part you this is called fimbri this is called fimri what is this This is the first part of the falafin tube which we call it as infundibulum. The second part is called ampula. The third part is called isamus. And the last part is called uterine part which is also called as when you become doctor you are going to study this term as intraural part. Intraural mural part.

26:19 What happens? So there are four parts of the fet tube. Now you can see these are finger-like projections and they have got receptors over there. The moment the gavin follicle tries to come out from the ovary. So as because they are receiving that they have got the finger-like possessions and they have got receptors in the inner valve. So the moment there is some some event going on inside the ovary that is some about to burst. So they sense it because the secondary site we are talking about or the OM we are talking about basically they are motile or non motile they cannot move by themselves they need either what pull or push. So who is going to pull them? It's a fimry which starts aspirating them. They suck it. So

27:06 the moment they burst they can understand that something is going on over there. So the moment they burst again why they burst why the follicle name the hormone by name the hormone which helps them to to to burst LH very good and what is the term we call it LH surge we call it LH surge that is the term yes rightly said so L surge is going to stimulate the release of what the bursting of the follicles so that the comes over here and it reaches over here in the ampula that mean sir how it has come down over by the suction by the fimry which we call it over aspiration. And then the falophen tube if you remember the falafin tube they have got

27:52 siliated epithelium. They lined by celiated epithelium. Hypercelia and these celia is going to push this particular secondary usite to come over here in the ampular region and the comes over here and waits for the right type of sperm to come and fertilize it and it waits for how many days only 24 hours. Fine. So this particular ovary weights over here and then this is the vagina and due to culation say millions of sperm close to 480 millions from approximately being ejaculated over here inside vagina and these sperms travels up till they reach over here and the right type of sperm there's a great science over here we're going to study

28:38 in the chapter the reprodive health. So there's a chemical dialogue between what the overband sperm the sperm. So the sprite type of sperm comes over here and what happens? Zygote gets formed. So name the site where zygote gets formed. It is the ampula and we can also call it as ismas junction. So what is the fertilization site of human body? Name the site where you have been you know formed. What the first cell of life got formed? It is in the ampulary ismas junction. Ampular ismas junction of the falafian tube here. Now over here zygote got formed. Now this zygote this zygote after forming over here do you think the zygote is going to get implanted over here in the falen tube? No. Because the

29:26 falen tube diameter is very very less. The zygote cannot survive over there. It cannot increase in number. So it needs to come down slowly over here inside the uterus and inside uterus you know the from the basic idea that you had is about pimetrium the outer layer then middle layer called myometrium and there is a inner layer called inner layer called endometrium wall and this endometrium wall should be thickened enough close to 3 to 5 mm thickness should be there in order to help this particular zygote which comes over here and gets implanted. The cell which gets implanted over here it is close to 32 cell stage which we call it as blastula which we call it as blastula. Okay. Now

30:12 let us start the journey from zygote. So this is zygote n plus n. What has been formed? Zygote is a fossil of life. And then this zygote divides into two and then into four and then into 8 into 8. Stop it. Okay. Now, uh this is mula. This is morula. This is morula. Now, this is zygote. This is morula. And you can see the cell size remains the same. The cell size remains the same. The cell size remains the same. That means see over here the cell size of zygote and the cell size of the mula, they're all the same. That means these are the small small cells which have been formed. And

30:57 this is the eight cell stage. This is the eight cell stage mula. And from mula it becomes a 16 cell stage. And from 16 cell stage it becomes this structure which is called as the blastula which we call it as a blastula. And it's a 32 cell stage and there are many other cells which are placed like this. There are many other cells which are placed like this. Find the each cell and mind you out of the cells some of the cells gets collected over here like this and these cells in the blastula stage in the blastula stage which is also called as blastoyst also

31:44 called as blastocyst. Now this blast what happens over here there are some inner cell mass. The collection of cells are called inner cell mass. Over here this particular cells are called trophoblast. These cells are called trophoblast. So how many cell stage? 32 cell stage. And over here this cavity can you see this cavity? And whenever we talk about cavity in biology that is we're talking about what? Remember syloms. So seal means cavity. Seal. C O E L. So it's a what is the cavity called? Now the blastoil. The cavity is called as blastoil. Blastoil. Now over here you can see there are some specialized cells. There are some specialized cells present over here. And these specialized

32:31 cells which differentiate itself to make germinal layers. And these cells are called cells of rubber. Cells of rubber. They form what? some differentiating cells and these cells this jumbler layer which has been formed. This is the first layer which has been formed outside and this jumbler layer is called ectodorm and then they also form another layer which we call it as endoderm which we call it as endoderm and in between these two they form another cell layer which we call it as which we call it as mem. So how many gumminal layer they have been formed now? Three gumminal layer have been formed. So this is what stage blast 32

33:17 stage. Remember this particular trophoblast they can get inside get implanted. So they can get implanted inside the endometrium wall of the uterus. This is endometrium wall of the uterus and they going to get implanted. So they are going to be showing some protrusion which goes deep inside the endometrium wall. And the process of this protrusion is called implantation. It's called implantation. Implantation. So we're going to study the same in reporative chapter. Okay. Now these cells are now called as shinio trophoblast. Shinio. Very good. Shinotrophoblast. And this finrophoblast can secrete HCG. Human

34:03 corionic gonadotropin. Human corionic gonadotropins. And these human corionic gondropping the presence of this can confirm pregnancy. Okay, that's a different part all together. Let's talk about this particular three general layer. Now when we talk about this three general layer, this ectodorm middle part is what? Messodderm and the last part is endoderm. The last ginal layer is endodm. Mind you one thing this particular piece of information is going to help you to solve many of the questions you need. How to remember from aum n starts forming. What is n starts for nervous system the nervous system of that embryo when it becomes a complete full grown

34:48 baby what happens from this n from this ectodor nervous system starts developing n for nervous system. So when we talk about nervous system that means how many types of nervous systems are there? We know there are central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and there is also autonomic nervous system. In class 11 we going to study about that. We are going to study about two of them and one we're going to study another. So nervous system means we are going to talk about brain and spinal cord. We talk about cranial nerves and spinal nerves. We talk about sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous nervous system. Also under nervous system we are also going to study about all the five sense organs. And what are they? They are eye, nose, come on, earong, tongue and skin and skin. There are five

35:36 sense organs. When we talk about eye, so retina also comes under eye. But mind you, retina is a exceptional one. So retina we know that the retina is a if this is the if this is the I if this is I fine this is the optic nerve. Now the last p the last part of the eye is called sclera which is fibrous and dead. This fibrous and dead the middle part is is the middle part is koid which is vascular koid which is vascular. Now come on you to tell me why I have made this kind of imagination. No no no why I've shown this one and why I have shown this one. There's a reason

36:23 behind it. Okay, this is this is choride. This is choride layer. This is a this the second layer is called choride layer. And they are vascular. What is the meaning of the term vascular? Vascular means what? They have got blood vessels. They have got blood vessels. Okay. And then there's a inner layer. There's a inner layer which we call it as retina. See there's an imagination like this and there's another one. Fine. So what is this inner layer called? Inner layer is called retina. So mind you retina they have developed from they have been developed from where? From the from the ecodom layer only. Radina developed from the ecodom only. Retina they are pigmented cells. They are two types of cells called rods

37:10 and cones. But scara and scaraa and koid. Scara and koid they are the part of meod meodm layer. Because when we talk about meodom we are talking about C square E C square E E D. So the meodom forms the first C and that C is called circulatory system. That means the second layer that is meodm in that particular growing fetus. It forms what? Circular system. And tell me what are the parts of the cell system? That means they they help in formation of blood vessels, heart, lymphatic ducts, lymph. So they are produced from the circuit system and also there is connective tissue. There is connective tissue that means we are talking about what we are

37:58 talking about tendon ligament bone blood cartilage adipos tissue tissue all of them they have been started from they start normally from the messodom layer tissue and E for what? E for excitatory system, E for excitatory system and D for digestive system. D for digest system. So all these organ system they have been developed from which layer meodum and let's talk about endodm that means over here the part of the eye which is sca and scara and koid. So choride is vascular and vascular means it's a part of connective tissue. Fine. So this comes under meodom layer. When we talk about

38:45 endodm that means we're talking about R E S R R E S. What is R stands for? R stands for reproductive system. That means the reproductive system starts from originates from the end. When we talk about rest, we are talking about respiratory systems. We are talking about respiratory system. Is this clear? So again under reported system whenever we talking about testes and ovary that should come under what testes and ovary should come under reported system only it should come under what endodm but this is also an exception test and ovary originate from meodm layer testes and ovary originates from meodm layer. So how do you remember

39:32 it? Ectoso endo n c squarity and r s n said rest from this concept you can solve many of the questions like once they asked you inde liver originated from a liver originates from ectodom meodom endodm come on mem why because is it a part of system from this concept you can make any other questions only mind you the exceptions are two One is scar and koid of the eye and this is an ovary both of them they develop from meodm. So that's very very important. So see think about it an organism having three of them ectoone endo that means they are what diploastlastic or tiplastic

40:17 they are diplo or triplo triplo. So which one is advanced over the other? So having three general layers. So when we talk about a diploic organism that means they have what is missing in them that means definitely is there are some of the C square ed is absent or not welldeveloped they poorly developed illy developed or got the point so what is missing in them so all those areas produced from meodorms are somewhere lacking in them their organ system is not that highly developed in diploastic so these are fourth way that we can classify organisms it. Okay. The next one is the fifth one. The fifth one is on the basis of segmentation. On the basis of segmentation,

41:05 segmentation we can classify organism into two. One is pseudomarism. Pseudo meta pseudo metameism. Pseudomarism. Another one is metameism. Metameism. Now what is the meaning of metameic segmentation is there in NCERT? What is the meaning of metameic segmentation? But NCERT this is missing. Pseudabism is missing in NCERT. Now what is the meaning of metameism? Consider you have all seen arworm. This is say earthworm. This is say earthworm. Okay. Now they have got many other segments that's why they come under annually. That means annula.

41:51 So many of the segments present over here in the earthworm and the scientific name of earthworm is very good feridimma posuma and you know they are the friends of farmers yes now there are many segments you can see they are multi-segmented they come under which class anybody polyita they come under which class polya or oligokita not polya oligokita they are fewer segments and polyita is ner is there in your book. Okay. Now, Feros is is earthworm. Federimaposma is earthworm and this earthworm they have got many segments and you can see one type of organs are present in every other segments and they are present in repeated fashion. They

42:38 present in repeated fashion in every other segment. And this kind of organs which are present in every segment are called excitatory organ and they are called as come on Very good. Nephia. Nephia. It's an excitatory organ and they are present in every other segment. Excited or they're present in every other segment. Tusha tell me what are the parts that they are present in the three parts. One is septal nephridia. So nephridia on the basis of their location we can call them to be septal nephredia. They present in every segments. Then there are integumentary nefridia. Integumentary nephridia that

43:26 means they are present where on the skin integumentary nephridia. And the last one is fngial nephridia that means they are present in the fingial part. Fannings regions are present in the fings region. Now what is so very important about that? Tell me over here you can see in FDR present in every other segment. That is if some of the organs are present in repeated fashion in every other segments we call them to be metameic segmentation. We call them to be metame segmentation. So example of metameic segmentation is so they are called true segmentation. Now when we talk about true that means there is should be a sum which is called false. So false pseudo means false. And what is the meaning of false segmentation? False

44:13 metabism means what? When we talk about false metabolism, think about it. This is tapeworm having many of the suckers in their headlike structure. We cannot call them to be head but this is a for the first time these organisms they have got a headlike structure which we call them to be scollets. Okay. And these are suckers. These are what? Suckets. The suckers are 1 2 3 four and the back side five of them. So everywhere in the head portion they have got suckers and they are basically endoparasites. They're basically endoparasites. That means they're present where under or under. So they present inside the body and they remain in the form of parasites. And then the film they come under film

44:58 platty helmetus they come under which film platty helmetis. So sucker by the help of sucker they are going to you know they're going to get grab hold of the intestine where they are present and they're going to take all the nourishment. Now this is a tapeworm having huge segments. You can see some segments like this. But suddenly you can see the segment size increases the more it goes towards the posterior side of the body. They are segments but what is the difference? The difference over here that these segments are immature. These segments are immature and we call these segments as immature prolatids. Immature prolotics. But in the posterior part you can see

45:45 they are large segments. And these large segments are called gravid prolotics. Gravid proglots. And they have testes and ovary. They have testes and say this is testice and this is ovary. This is ovary. So tell me is it diocious or monocious? It's unisexual or unisexual or bisexual. It's a bisexual organism. That mean male and female same part. Come on. In the same body. What is the other term for that? Hermaphorites. They are hopides. Now over here who tell me? Yes you tell me. Is it a pure metabolism? No pseudo metabolism. Why we calling it

46:32 pseudomaterism? Because testice and ovary are not present in every other segments. So in the immaturities they don't have the same type of organs. That means when the organs are not present in deputated fashion in every segment we call that to be pseudomism. We call that organism to be pseudo metameic segmentation. pseudomame segmentation. Is this clear? So the best example of this is what? What is the scientific name of this one? It is tenia sodium. This is tenia sodolium otherwise called as the common name is pork tform. It is pork tform. So we got the idea about metabism. We can classify them into two different parts. What are they? Number one is pseudomabism and number two is

47:19 metameism. So this is the fifth way that we can classify organisms into. Okay. The next one, sixth way that we can classify organism is on the basis of their body plan. On the basis of their body plan, it's a star star mark point for need examination. What is body plan? So on the basis of the body plan there are three different types. There are three different types and what are they? The first body plan is cell aggregate type. So cell aggregate type of body plan. So they have got cell area type of body. Now when we talk about them what comes immediately in your mind is about pipera about polyera. So they have got many pores polyera phylm porera. Py means

48:07 what? P means four pores and ferah means what? Bearing. So the floorbearing organisms. So they have got many pores over here. Now in in this polyera how they are special? Why we should remember them? See we should remember them. Why? Because they are some aggregation of cells because they don't show being having tissue level they show cellular level of organizations. They are multisellular organisms but they don't one cell never interacts with other. Say for example the good friend sitting close to you. You're not interacting with that good friend. So definitely you are showing that you are in your class but you are basically joining the class but you are only sharing it you're not sharing it with anybody that is what

48:54 cellular level of mind you are just the aggregation of cells and we call them as cellular type. So whenever we talk about cellular type what comes immediately our mind is about final poly and what kind of level of organizations they have they have cellular level of organization they have cellular level of organizations so very very important those they are multisellular but still they show cellular level ofations and what kind of body plan they show cell aggregate type the second type is what the second type is blind sack body plan sack body plan sack Sack means what? Sack means bag. We already know that. Sack means bad. Can anybody tell me a particular biological term which means

49:42 sack? GM. GM. Very good. Sporang GM. GM means what? Bag which contains spore. Sporang GM. Okay. So sack we already know sap means bag. Consider this. This one. This is hydra. Say this is hydra. They have many tentacles. They have tentacles and this is a mouth and this mouth is called hypostrobe. This is a hypostrobe of hydra. So this is hydra organism. It comes under film medaria. They have got many tentacles and the tentacles they contain stinging cells. They contain neurotoxins and they are called neato cysts or neuroblast cells. Very good. Now this is the mouth. So they have got only one mouth. No anus.

50:28 That means so only one way that you can. So they have only one mouth and the same mouth is acting as what an only. So that means they have got blind sack body plan. The example is major majority of the nitarians and hydra is one of them. Clear? So this is called blind sack body plan having one opening no exit the same opening acts as the exit only the same mouth acts as an okay and last one is the flu the mouth the tube within a tube body plan tube within

51:14 a tube body plan. So whenever we talk about tube within a tube body plan that means inside a single tube inside a single tube consider your body to be a tube and inside our body there is another tube which starts with a mouth ends with anus this is the mouth and at the end portion of our body what is there anus. So consider the whole body to be a tube and and the tube which is present right from mouth then esophagus then stomach small intestine large intestine then sigma colon you know rectum anus so it's a tube inside a tube and this is the most most what advanced type what about us we have got tube within a two body plant what about all vertebrates tube within a two body plant what about

52:03 some invertebrates like ana just now we talked about they mouth at one end and an at other end. Consider the whole body as a tube. Consider the whole body as a tube. Think about it. The whole body as a tube and they have got mouth. They have got mouth and anus at the opposite ends. So we can call this to be come on tube having another tube inside which starts with a mouth ends with an so this is a tube in the body plan. So on the basis of body plan we can classify them into three different types that is cell aggregate type blind sack body plan and tube within a cube body plan. This is a sixth one.

52:48 Okay let's get let's get into the next one and that is seventh one. When we talk about the next one on the basis of the development in the embryionic stage in the embryionic embionic stage embryionic stage we can classify organism into two different one is protostomia and the one is called dutterosttomia. stomia. Now many of times we have talked about the term in biology stomio has stom means what? What is the study of mouth called istomology. So the word stoone is what?

53:34 Mouth. So proton is what? Primitive. That means those organisms wherein the mouth develops first in the embanic stage. Say this is the embanic stage. And during the embraic stage there's a structure called blastoore. There's a structure called blastoore. And we're going to talk about blasto later. From blastoore if the mouth develops first. Mouth develops first and then anus then those will be called as protomia. Example all invertebrates except echinodermata that means film porifera

54:19 then come on nidaria tenophora platial helmetis ashelthis anida arroa molesa iata helic but iard they never show protomia so till molesa they show what right from polifera to molesa they show what protomia what due Duterostomia due means what? Later. Storm means what? Mouth. So mouth later. So this mouth develops from deos later. So from blasto from the structure called blasto which part develops first? It is the anus which develops first and then later mouth. Got the point? And it starts from phylm

55:06 economics. file of economics. So this is about dutia star star point. Okay. Now this is the seventh way that we can classify them. Okay. The next classification on the ability of coping up with the environment on the basis of temperature regulation on the basis of temperature regulation with that of the environment we can classify them into two different parts. One is called warm-blooded animals and one is coldblooded animals. Fine. Coldblooded. Warm-blooded are those organisms which can which can cope up with their environment with their

55:52 present environment. There's some mechanism by which they can cope up. Which part of vertebrates which part of the body invertebrates they help in coping up with the environment with temperature regulation osmo regulation is done by tell me some part over here some part over here hypothalamus hypothalamus so warm blood animals they have basically homemas organism that means those organisms which can regulate their body temperature with that of the environment fine Got the point like you are playing uh the football and what is going to happen and the temperature outside is 38°C what is going to happen you're going to sweat out and name the part which is going to help in that why because your body temperature has been increased or

56:39 decreased due to metabolism due to increased metabolism you are running after that ball and what is going to happen the there will be increased metabolism and metabolism ultimately is going to make what heat so to maintain that body heat what comes out sweat name the organ which helps in this What is going to happen to your blood vessels? Is going to get dilated or constricted? The blood vessels is going to get dilated. To supply more amount of what? Blood. Fine. Now think about it. So homether animals they can maintain or regulate their body temperature without the environment. What about cold blood animals? What is the other term for that? Po kilootherarmmas. Come on. Po kiloothermas animals. So basically they are cold blooded. That means they cannot regulate their body temperature without the environment. So what they go

57:26 for? They go for suspension from work. They go for suspension from work. Like can you expect a cobra naja naja in winter? You cannot expect them to be present. Why? Because now they're into what? Winter sleep. And what is that called? Hibernation. Hibernation. So they are now going to get suspended from work. They're not they themselves they are not going to work. So many of the reptiles they go for this hibernation. What about other one? So hibernation is what? It's a winter slip. Hibernation is winter slip. What about summer slip? It is estivation. It isation. It is summer slip. It is summer slip. Aivation. How to

58:13 remember this? As come on avation. S. This is how you can remember it. Okay. So this is about temperature regulation on the basis of temperature solution we can classify them. The ninth one is about on the basis of digestion. [Music] On the basis of digestion digestion can be of two different types. It can be intracellular digestion. They can show intracellular digestion. Intracellular digestion or they can show what extracellular digestion. Extra cellular digestion. Now anybody from my students come on who is going to tell me yes intraellular that means if this is

59:00 amba so amba they have got what pseudopodia and the moment they get a food they're going to digest the food inside the cell or outside the cell inside the cell. So they are in solo digization. What about us? We dig the cell. We digest the food inside the cell or outside the cell. Inside organ. Come on. If this is stomach, if this is stomach and this is the food, do you think this is auxic cell? What is the cell? Is auxic cell. And this auxic cell secretes ACL. It secretes ACL. Say this is another cell called chief cell. Chief cell. And this chief cell secretes what? Inactive pepsinogen inactive pepsinogen

59:46 and this inactive pepsino when comes in contact with the ACL becomes active pepsin. So they are pro-enzymes inactive enzymes pepsinogen and when it comes in contact with the ACL they become what they become active pepsin and this active pepsin digest the food. Come on. Do you think this food is going to go inside the cell and they digest it or they will dest? Outside the cell that is outside the cell. Inside the organ. What is the name of the organ? Stomach. Stomach is the name of the organ is. So what kind of digestion we are showing? Extracellular or intracellular? Which one is advanced over the other? Okay. Done. Next. On the basis of on the basis of fertilization

1:00:32 on the basis of fertilization we can classify them into two. What is that? The number one is internal fertilization and external fertilization. Internal and external fertilization. Okay. Which one? We we show what kind of fertilization we have already talked about that you know we have already talked about that that it is inside the falen tube. Inside the salv tube the second tube or was present and the sperm gets inside uh the ampula is plus junction and fertilizes the o. So it takes place inside the body or outside the body. Inside the body. So what kind of fertilization we show? Again tell me the size of the sperm and are all the same or they different? If

1:01:17 they are different what kind of ugami? What? Sorry. What kind of gamut they show? They show ugami. What is that called? Isogami or an isogami? An isogami. An isogami. So special group of anodomy where one is motile motile and smaller flagagillated sometimes flagagillated in case of algae we have studied about that fine and another one should be non-mile if that is that happens we should we call that as ugani so this kind of fertilization is what internal or external fertilization internal fertilization what about external fertilization think about amphibia think about fishes they show what kind of fertilization that means the union between sperm and OM the union between two gamuts that is singami when takes place outside the body or inside the body outside the

1:02:03 chances of fertilization will be more in external or more in internal come on more internal okay very good so this is about fertilization that we can classify them into two different categories okay now the next one is on the basis of circulatory system on the basis of circulatory system we can classify them into two one is open circuit system and one is closed circuit system. Closed circuit system. When we talk about closed circuit system that means when the blood which is pushed by the pump by the heart travels through the blood vessels in a closed medium. So every other organ they have got the blood vessels straight away connected with the heart not heart straight away

1:02:50 but through aota it goes to different parts of the organs. So that is called closed circuit system. But what is open circuit system? When there is a heartlike structure which pushes some of the fluid like in case of arropod what is the fluid they push off? What is the blood in arthropod or insects? The blood is called hemolymph. And the cavity where through it goes off it's called hemoil. It's called is there any blood vessels over there? No. So that is called open circular system. That is called open s. So on the basis of circular system this is very very important for me mind you there are two closed and open circular system. Now when we talking about closed circular system that means we are talking about what human no all vertebrates along with there are some invertebrates like ana it

1:03:36 started off with what which type of invertebrates right from ana see an artwork. So they show closed sacri system. But what about arthropods? They show open sacri system. In case of insects they show open sac system. What about molesa? What about what about snails? They also show what open soda system. Okay. The next one this 11th way. The next one is 12th. What else? We can classify organisms you know on the basis of their excitatory organs on the basis of their excretory organs. Execratory organs. See when we

1:04:23 talk about organs see in invertebrates like in invertebrates like in case of film platitus that is step one what is excited or they have this not or this flame cells they're called flame cells they're present where the flame cells are present in platty helment in platty helment that means we're talking about tform plath helmentis not only tform they present where in uh you know along With Tform there is uh there is pleria also flame cells. Then there is a coxal gland. Coxal gland it also acts as an escalatory organ in case of crustaceials. In case of crustaceians present where in arropods. Then there

1:05:09 are maligian tubules. Mal malfian tubules. Malfian tubules are there in cockroach. That means they also present where in class insect. class insect are under film arthropod under film arthropod fine then there are some some coxal glands green glands so they are present in castia also so these are the cells specific cells present but when we talk about the way that they can excrete out are of three different types in what form they can excrete either they can excrete in the form of ammonia or uric acid or ura so when we talk about If they release out ammonia, we call them to be ammono telearonism. Ammonoteliconism.

1:05:56 Then they have urotely just like us urotely. We secret out what? URA. If they secrete out ammonia, we call them amorotic organism. And the last one is uricotelic. The last one is uricotelic organism. Uelic organisms. Fine. Unicotelic organisms. Aloic organisms are basically majority of them are aquatic organisms and these aquatic organisms includes majority of the invertebrates. Majority of the invertebates and some of the vertebates like some of the vertebates like come on osticus or convectus oicis osticus. Now osticus that is bony fish

1:06:43 they secret out what? Ammonia. ammonia and some lower amphibians like tadpoles they secret out ammonia. So these are vertebrates or invertebrates fishes are vertebrates or invertebrates vertebrates that means majority of the invertebrates and some of the vertebrates like osticus bony fish and tapos of amphibia they're the larva of amphibia. When we talk about urotic organisms that means now these are advanced over there advanced over ammonic and basically cond that means cartilaginous fish like shark pom fret they secret out what they secret out ura and some adult amphibians that is frog they secret out what ura and what about

1:07:29 majority of the vertebrates all vertebbrates all not all vertebrates why because you cannot call call them All vertebrates because you know in vertebrates also the birds comes up and birds and reptiles they show what birds and reptiles they come under uricellic they come under uricotelic. So birds reptiles that mean airways reptilia reptiles they escute out what uric acid. So these are the you know uh the ways that we can classify the whole group of kingdom animalia. Yes, on the basis of development also we can classify them also on the basis of development we can classify them and we can classify them on the basis of development into two. One is on the

1:08:15 basis of development we can classify them development we can classify them into two. What is that? One is direct development and the one is indirect development. What is the meaning of indirect development? They have got egg stage. Then from egg larva comes up. From larva is a pupa which starts growing up. And from pupa it's a adult. That means this stage you can see in what? In moth in insects. Fine. In arropods and in different type of origins where there is a larvae the presence of larvae means they show what kind of development in that or direct. Now what is the meaning of d development? Now what is d development? That means

1:09:01 when you have taken birth human or alien all right human. So come on. So that is what is d development. When the organism which have taken birth is just a miniature of your kind of adult kind and that is called diet development. So these are the different types of ways that we can classify kingdom animalia. Fine that means whenever we are going to talk how many points we have studied? 13. 13. Now whenever we going to study about any film say we going to start with a filmm. So how many points we can talk about? 13 points. Along with that 13 points on an average along with the 13 points every other film they have got some

1:09:47 special characteristics. Like when we talk about film polyifera if you have got a little bit of information on pipera they have got water canal system. So water canal system comes up over there. Fine. So there's a specialization. So what is the point? How many points you have got? 13 + 1 14 point you have got and they have got other special cases also. Now the in NCERTT none of the class being mentioned say phylm polyera when we going to study about film polyera we are going to classify them into three classes. The first one is class calccaria. Now mind you biology is very easy if you understand the terms. In calccaria what is present? Calcia.

1:10:33 So if their body is mainly made up of calcium carbonate they will come under calaria class calccaria. Fine. The second one is called hexanic telida. Hexani telida. Now hexan is what? Six. So if they have got six rays of celacious mean they have got silicon and they are present in six rays they will come under hexa nerida fine hexa means what six and what's the difference between calccaria and hexa nickela the difference is calcium over there and they have got silica and the last one the third class is about deospia

1:11:20 what is the name This class demo spongia demos spongia 90% almost 90% of the quiference they are demo spongia in deos spongia they have got sponging fiber they are what as well as they have got silicons celicious so deospongia they have got celicious spicules and sponging fiber and they are not having six rays of it got the point so the example is being given in a book called cyclon cycle cyclon is an example of demos spongia. So next day we are going to talk about what we going to start with the film all the film and that is philemifera then film mid area that is how we are going to go on clear

1:12:06 that's all about the class right now and very soon we are going to get into the next level with the film for fine that's all for now thank you any doubt that you have got you can ask Yes, you are you any down? Sure. Can you tell me some of the classifications? Just name some of the classifications. Each one of you should be telling me only one of them. Close your books. Any one of them. How we can classify animal kingdom. Name one classification. Level of organization. Very good. What is the basic level? Similar level. Very good. Tell me

1:12:54 Ankita. Metabism. Metabolism. How many times we can classify them into metabolism and pseudomabism. Okay. Very good. Example of pseudomabism. T one. Very good. You tell me one. Development. Direct and indirect. Then you Yes. Wait. Aishi. German layers. How many of them? Diplolastic and diploastic. Very good. Which one is advanced over the other? Tell me how to remember triple plastic organisms. M c R S. Very good. Exceptions. And retina. Not retina. Scar and chloride. Yes. You tell me one

1:13:39 very good. On the basis of how many types [Music] and ucelomate. Which one is the most advanced? Usate. Why? Because they lined by name the term meodum. Mesodm. Very good. What is the in case of cerosum? What is that lining called? Yes. Meoga. Very good. Tell me another way we can classify a point where we can classify. Oilom. Us. Tell me another way of classification of organisms. Warm warm blooded and cold blooded on the basis of their ability to scope the environment. Tell me one. Internal that we have done already. Any point? Fertilization. Fertilization. Internal and external.

1:14:24 Tell me one. Symmetry. Symmetry. Asymmetrical. By symmetric, radial symmetry. And last one. Bad symmetry. Tell me bish. One exclud. Yes. Excluded organs. How many times we can classify them? Anodelic amodelic urodelic and eurodelic. Uodelic. You're missing two of them. The most vital body plan cell type blind sack body plan tube body plan another one you are missing in the amnotic stage protomia and uterostomia when the mouth delus first from blasto and when the anus delus from blastomia fine that's all 13 points you have to remember and we can also increase the numbers on the basis of what on the

1:15:11 basis of respiration on the basis of respiration If they respire by the help of gills, we call it branial respiration. If they respire or cutaneous respiration, no cutaneous respiration is by the help of their skin. If by the help of their gills, branial respiration, by the help of their lungs, pulmonary respiration. So we can classify them like like that. Clear? That's all for now. Just we are

…