Full transcript of “ONE SHOT : Semiconductor Electronics | Physics | NEET 2024 | Shobika Maam | Xylem NEET Tamil”. Click a timestamp to open the video at that moment. Need another video? Use the YouTube transcript generator.
0:00 hi hello W and welcome back to channel physics the one shot with me your shy mam you people know when shy mam is here no fear right yes which is semiconductors and electronics
0:52 most important super okay okay semiconductors biasing diod as rectifier diod as rectifier and logic gates Boolean algebra and
1:38 finally dear principle and don't worry don't worry don't worry so be careful important so let's start with materials okay because
2:23 okay link description phys playlist okay mats so materials different types of are literally okay conductor okay
3:25 a okay and Fin hero of today's one shot okay
4:14 okay will be changing into conductor okay so that means conductivity increase okay so theity will beely proportion okay this is the most important thing cond temper
5:07 okay so theity will be increasing
5:58 okay okay so semiconductor meaning electrical conductivity is partiality but it will also conduct okay partial okay so these are the three important points next slide that is your
6:53 energy so energy Bank E2 this is this is one F2 minus H so why you are teaching this over
7:44 here important because exclusion okay electron will have their own energy level okay every electron will have their own energy level for example
8:58 en okay so your conduction band okay so valency band conduction band okay so valency band and the next one is conduction band okay so conduction band and Val
9:58 Val okay
10:55 okay so for example okay Max when compared to your bance band okay Val
11:53 okay Maxim B of conduction minus energy band of valency final minus initial initial Val fin conduction okay so the Condors semiconductors so the conduction
12:42 band valcy so now let's start the next one listen so listened
13:31 for ex so that means this is an insulator
14:21 exactly fory Gap enap
15:22 heavy task okay so conduction Val okay it will be over okay overlapped okay
16:16 okay if talking about ins I mean
17:12 okay these are the important things formed due to Valance orbitals is called valency band Val okay this is very important the unoccupied orals to which electrons can jump when energized is
17:57 called the conduction band General conduction Gap okay
18:57 El for example okay
19:57 okay clear okay and most important Gap okay so now
20:46 for because gap between conduction band and the valency band for energy gap free electrons are present in the forb energy gap okay Noe Mi next width of the energy gap depends upon the nature of the mat
21:43 me semond okay increases as temperature increases forbidden energy gap decreases very slightly okay
22:29 and so now let's talk about semiconductors that will be a very big help for you okay so first semiconduct okay so that
23:25 means so number of electrons okay ELR now let's talk about detailed semond and
24:19 T yes or no so the maximum in the semiconductor silicon right so we know
25:13 okay right okay right
26:20 Okay so okay' okay semond
27:18 right right these are important ELR are traveling electr traving electric current okay so these are the important question these are the important things you have to learn okay and now let's go for the next important parameters so electrical conduction increases with the increase in temperature I already said semiconduct temp decrease with increase in
28:09 temp okay and next hence semiconductors have negative temperature coefficient hence it is negative temperature negative temperature reci so that means resistivity is inversely proportional to time time is inversely proportional to resistivity ative slopes
28:56 okay okayand I'm doing it in a random one random
29:56 okay very simple because
30:56 semiconduct Char okay and we people know El Okay so simple deficiency of electron
31:56 deficien okay as temperature increases the valency electrons Aces energy okay I we learned that breaks
32:42 okay now the next important thing is complete picture okay stands okay
33:28 soap okay that is enough okay
34:14 okay okay so electron recombination electron whole recombination okay electron recombination
35:21 and Nows this points are very important listen carefully a hole can be regarded as positive charge can be imagin okay anyway there is no physical charge on it physical charge electron
36:08 points are very important listen mobility of electron is greater than the holes mobility of electrons is greater than the holes that means electron so Mobility will be equal drift velocity divided by the electric field drift velocity divided by the electric field so that means listen carefully
36:55 holes but simple effective of holes are greater so listen carefully because
37:46 effective masses are higher than the electr El okay and I already explained that Z that me conduction band will be empty okay empty now different types of semiconductors different types purest form of conductors that is do impurities
38:35 semiconductors El because that should be under control
39:25 semond okay so intrin semiconduct impurities no impurities okay 100% And
40:12 for so that means impurities are literally important okay okay so semiconductors intrinsic pure form pure form without any impurities Point okay number of number of electrons in the conduction band is equal to the number of of Fs in the
40:59 valency band is equal to the number of intr site okay Valance band Valance band okay
41:55 semicond okay so is equal to number of intrinsic site inin s just take a cond I mean cond okay take a Mater
42:55 okay soal number ofes formula it is very very simple n isal to n is equal to n i okay number
43:53 of okay form so charge Carri
44:39 okay only for under we generally know we generally know listen listen charge density is equal to Sigma divid byri Sig into electric field sigrity
45:24 ialc I equal to so naal n v v drift velocity okay and IID current per current density J is equal NV
46:11 velation into relaxation time acceleration into relaxation time okay acceleration FAL m f id M isal A F yes e into electric fieldid mocity will be [Music] equal J is equal to
46:57 n e e / so how I'm rearranging okay okay listen re Jal n e to / M into e I mean Sig current density current density e
47:50 e so Mobility can be written as drift velocity divided by the the electric field okay drift velocity divid by the electric fieldi to n new n new e n new into e okay Sigma that is your
48:38 conductivity conductivity stands for number of charges into charge of an electron charge of that is number of electr mobility of the electrons plus number of holes into mity of the okay
49:27 okay electricity semiconductors so extr [Music] semond [Music]
50:23 okay semiconductor semiconduct practical application EXT semiconduct practical application extr semiconduct adding impurities doing adding dop are called as doping okay doing perance okay so these are important so
51:12 now in the extrinsic semiconduct but very easy and simple we have options okay El okay
52:15 okay so intrinsic semiconductor plus pentavalent impurities okay pentavalent impurities pentavalent yes valent so what is p valent impur pent valent impur valency electr valcy okay arenic phosphorus antimony okay arenic
53:02 phosphorus antimony okay
53:52 for oneic will be added to 10 to the^ 6 to8 germanium atoms 10 power 6 to 10 8 6 or 10 to the^ 8 free electrons okay so parts per million million
54:54 B El from the okay so already Care number elect is greater than the
55:44 number of holes number of electrons are greater than the number of holes okay and next because total current will be current of electron plus current of elect important elect approximately equal to ne new intool
56:30 okay andity clear these are important and most important most most most important okay so the complete net charge will be zero complete net charge charge will be zero that
57:22 means that means it is constant into NH is equal n i² in the holes number same
58:13 value into 4 into 2 into so this is another one important thing and in the EXT exer El this is a donor okay Don charge and listen so number of electrons will be equal to the number of donors okay number of donors number
59:00 El so that means extr semiconduct that means semiconduct valent impurities soap okay for
59:53 example gum a for aluminium B for Boron B for Boron okay B for Boron soap okay don't mistake itch okay now let us discuss the process process
1:00:49 the right so that means impuri AC so they are AC so that means
1:01:53 El okay so current due to holes are greater and number of holes are greater number number of acceptor and we people
1:02:41 know NE NH is equal to n i s n that me this is a con bance so no electrons will be only holes will be so this is how you will be writing the conductivity okay
1:03:38 so the next topic and most important topic for the day important topic okay so p and Junction diode in the DI because yes or that means diod so diode will be acting as a
1:04:26 switch as well as a regulator okay uh so uh unifield trans transistor okay first important so it will be acting as a switch and we know switch
1:05:23 close so this is theun okay and okay so single
1:06:20 Junction so it is a one Junction two two terminal device one two terminal device okay so one Junction and two terminal device two Junction terminal device okay easy lemon
1:07:07 okay okay and will be equal zero net charge will be equal to Z okay okay so now let's talk something which is very important okay I will be teaching you a story Junction easy so
1:07:52 listen okay electr electrons holes sorry electrons one the
1:08:41 holes okay oppositely charged yes or no opposite will attract each otheres minity elect
1:09:32 because opposite will attract each other okay
1:10:19 elect El okaye P okay soent to lower concent
1:11:15 because okay soer diffusion okay Lu holes electrons but lower because
1:12:12 so El and holes dep this is called as depletion region okay so depletion region okay cre
1:12:59 electri charge to the negative charge okay so this is your depletion region and now what happens
1:13:50 is so the Reg so diffusion higher higher concentration lower concentration the diffusion higher to
1:14:36 lerus okay diffusion [Music] cusion diffusion currus okay drift current don't worry okay clear so this is how your barrier is created and electric
1:15:22 field potential so potential will be equal to e into R potential is equal to e dep do
1:16:14 okay are important literally important okay so this is your p and Junction diode the first process let's go for the basic things okay so P Type n Tye and listen in the junction Di
1:17:22 C okay so listen electrons from side to the P side electrons from side to the P side okay holes are called to occupy the holes are called diffusion okay okay so we have found the maximum thing so diffusion region diffusion
1:18:21 Reg so V can be written as e r due to diffusion electrons in N type and holes in P type get lost near the junction boundary okay okay this region is called dep reg on increasing the temperature the thickness of the depletion region
1:19:10 increases temperature increase increase dep right so this is the basic thing of depletion region and now we are going to talk about potential barri potential can also be written as e into r r depletion with so potential
1:19:57 barrier potential created across PN Junction due to diffusion of electron and holes are called poti okay for
1:20:45 example so we can control this device we are controlling this device dep potential barrier so now Junction and okay .5 / 10^ minus 6 so this will be written as 5 into 10 power
1:21:32 5 electric field 5 into that is strongest one electri electri right
1:22:21 simp I already taught youc so listen so this is
1:23:09 okay so now we are going to talk about the major dawn of today's session that is biasing okay the biasing possible okay so biasing are possible P Tye Tye okay and
1:24:16 positive terminal conect negative terminal connect so that means posi toi negative to that means positive negative right and we
1:25:01 know positive positive the dep region the boundary pressure right so oppos
1:25:51 will destroy so this is the
1:26:39 first okay for examp silicon V is equal to 0.7 electron volt okay 0.7 03
1:27:44 03 okay and next is reverse biasing reverse biing so that means thetion region
1:28:48 so that means depletion region vanish depletion region vanished okay
1:29:48 so we are giving a supply so to cathod successful forward biing C okay so forward okay so
1:30:36 forward is very very important don't miss this thres
1:31:46 forward reverse okay okay clear AR so all these concepts are very important and in the session
1:32:42 okay and phys one complete of best okay important so we have to work together okay so now let's go for the next one diod as rectifier okay another one important concept but the jujy concept
1:33:37 okay so that means okay so pulsating
1:34:23 DC pulsating DC because so converting alternating current to the direct current
1:35:20 okay clear when forward bias it acts like a conductor forward bi okay so now let's start explaining the process process
1:36:09 [Music] so okay so listen half okay
1:37:16 okay step down so that means if I'm giving a negative
1:38:14 open that means so first straight pulsating DC so this will be pulsating DC okay that is very important okay the
1:39:01 first thing is average output complete cycle we people know complete cycle right and out okay so I Maxim Peak value VDC divid okay V divid by okay and
1:39:50 RM irms is equal to I not divided by 2 V RMS will be equal to V divided by 2 okay and now the most important term is Ripple Factor Ripple Factor the Ripple Factor so that [Music]
1:40:42 means so that is your Ripple Factor 1.21 form fact very simp to the average value okay go and watch
1:41:43 AC efficiency into 100 so efficienc efficiency okay and frequency so half frequenc very important thing because okay and next one is full wave rectifier so full
1:42:49 okay so first negative half ccle in the
1:43:49 so [Music] okay D1 D2 forward
1:44:37 because two times of the frequency okay so in the fluctuation in the yeah so 2 I ID RMS
1:45:22 value v v ID root2 okay full wavec 82.1 81.2% 40
1:46:08 okay okay so the next concept what we are going to discuss is a very simple one that is Xena diode because safet issues Junction
1:47:18 okay Reg okay okay on increasing the reverse biasing on increasing the reverse
1:48:19 biasing okay so this is due to large number of charge carriers are created okay so it will be taking place we will be getting
1:49:13 bre AAL break okay AAL breal I will be explaining soal will be giving okay reverse the four
1:50:03 so breakdown occurs in okay so heav doed so it will be like heav okay you will be getting the xener breakdown clear Aria so this is how you have to study so now xener breakdown as a regulator xen breakdown as a regat
1:50:55 so let us discuss these Concepts so that is forward biing and reverse biing okay so forward biing reverse simple okay everything is simple easy pey lemon sque so first type is forward biing okay forward biing reverse forward what is the meaning for forward biing forward biing positive to posi negative to negative very simple very
1:51:44 simple resistance okay actually okay sorry listen
1:52:34 P Junction electri field will be equal to e external minus E inside right so that means means net electric field will be reducing net electric field will be reducing electric field forward to negative negative
1:53:21 toi correct will be more higher very simple P right so will be increasing net electric field
1:54:10 will be increasing okay so it will be more more more more increasing okay so this is what you have to learn so diffusion current drifting current drift current so
1:55:18 diffus so what happens to the diffusion over here okay so that's it now Xeno diode as a regulator Xeno diode simple
1:56:18 for okay now let's talk about okay so now first one is xener breakdown okay avalan
1:57:18 breakdown do do doily do soin dep region
1:58:15 reaction Chain Reaction chain reaction listen depletion region okay so depletion region okay it isly doly do what
1:59:18 happens okay because for example
2:00:03 revers bre it is irreversable okay it will be irreversible p so these are very important Concepts huh
2:00:51 mention okay so this is how okay only do this so that will be helpful okay now sorry reaction will be
2:01:47 taking okay forward forward okay so the electric field will be very very less the electric field will be very very less okay highly dop bre volage regulat because it is a controlling
2:02:35 device ction of voltage okay so we are done with P Junction diode the P Junction it will be clear okay so now let's talk about logic gates okay logic gates p
2:03:48 so L fundamental Gates okay fundamental Gates that is your Universal gate Universal gate okay special gate fundamental and Universal gate Universal
2:04:47 okay and digital system communication okay M MC micro processor control
2:05:47 microor not so let's talk about each and everything andus okay so the first one is orgate for example any one of you can right that
2:06:47 means okay rate rate addition formate addition form okay so rate is consider as an addition format add okay so listen Boolean algebra
2:07:41 this is very simple listen so okay
2:08:43 Okay so okay
2:09:44 okay so this is the not gate either way a b okay one and 0 0 will be Z 1 okay next these are very important
2:10:31 listen any input plus Z any input plus Z and we people know will be a
2:11:20 plus a plus a dash AB a bar one so 1+ 1 0+ 1
2:12:09 okay value will be zero 1. 0 0 0. 0 0 any value do one will be okay
2:13:16 albra simp any one output any one high the result will be high
2:14:09 that means POS high low high input okay time
2:15:16 scale everything will be high okay graphical representations are important and now and gate and gate for examp
2:16:12 and expression y equal to a do b y is equal to a b explanation so now not gate not gate is really important not
2:17:08 [Music] the okay okay and now the next important thing is Nate Nate 0 into 0 0
2:18:12 okay simple very easy so what what is that is so that means truth table okay
2:18:58 not okay okay so Universal un it can't be so that is a very important thing
2:19:45 that is very literally that is important Okay so okay okay now very simple you have to understand so now the last topic for today today's session is going to be principle Okay so
2:20:45 okay break the the bar change the sign break the bar change the sign break the bar and change the sign and change the sign okay break the bar change the sign a break the bar change
2:21:33 thetive proper property asso prop right okay so a AAL B okay first one so next one very simple a + B+ c a b c distrib rle a b c
2:22:21 a plus a okay okay and now it's time for our pyqs listen carefully 2022 but don't do
2:23:16 that the0 answer will be one so
2:24:03 1 1 one will be one so output is one okay
2:25:03 correct 1 one one 1 do one so one you one so one one will be one one opposite Z OPP 01 so this will be one 1 will be Z so 1.0 will be Z correct 1.0 will be zero so the correct option isck the 1
2:25:55 so 1 so 1 1 01 happens over here so 0. one will be zero so the output will be zero the perfect answer is option D okay the output answer will be D okay clear so you people can solve that okay so 1 one 1
2:26:41 one okay so this is the final answer okay and I hope so D is your answer D is the answer okay Pang now the next question 2022 in half wave rectifier if the input frequency is 60 HZ thec input frequency will be equal to the output frequency
2:27:32 okay so now the next question H this was also asked this was also asked in the given circuits a b c circuit the potential drop across the two P Junction diod are equalent poti difference
2:28:21 p p p okay that
2:29:06 means okay so both A and C is a perfect answer both A and C is a perfect answer because simar biing okay so now the next question so 201 the given circuit has two ideal diodes ideal diod connected as shown in the figure below the current flowing through the resistance R1 so1
2:30:15 r so 10 Vol two D1 two current will be equal v r v r 2 + 2 so that will be 10 ID 4 which is we will be
2:31:02 getting 2.5 something so 2.5 amps answer so option C is your perfect answer option C is the perfect answer okay and that's it for the day sucess semiconductors and electronics more than enough please please don't make mistakes in logic okay practice okay so that's it for the day
2:31:50 com okay I will be checking okay every time I used to check that's it that's it I hope it will be very helpful for you okay
2:32:45 because until then it's me your mam you people know when sh m is here no fear take care
