Stories from the Stolen Generations | SBS Examines

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Résumé

Lorraine Peters, originaire du pays Kamilaroi et Wildman, partage son expérience et celle de sa famille concernant le Cootamundra Training Home, une institution créée en 1911 pour assimiler les enfants autochtones. Elle décrit les méthodes d'effacement de l'identité autochtone, l'importance de connaître cette histoire dès le plus jeune âge, et la nécessité de briser le cycle du traumatisme intergénérationnel. Elle souligne le manque de connaissance de l'histoire complète de l'Australie et ses conséquences sur les jeunes générations.

  • Le Cootamundra Training Home visait à assimiler les enfants autochtones en les formant comme domestiques et en effaçant leur identité.
  • L'importance d'éduquer les jeunes enfants sur l'histoire de la génération volée pour favoriser le changement.
  • La nécessité de briser le cycle du traumatisme intergénérationnel causé par ces politiques.

L'objectif du Cootamundra Training Home

Lorraine Peters explique que le Cootamundra Training Home a été ouvert en 1911 dans le but d'assimiler les enfants autochtones retirés de leurs familles. L'objectif principal était de les former pour devenir des domestiques et de les éloigner de leur culture et de leur communauté. L'établissement, situé dans un ancien hôpital à Cootamundra, visait à isoler les jeunes filles et à les former comme domestiques ou ouvrières agricoles, en utilisant des tactiques de lavage de cerveau et d'assimilation.

L'expérience de Lorraine au Cootamundra Training Home

Lorraine Peters raconte son expérience personnelle au Cootamundra Training Home où elle a été placée en 1943 à l'âge de quatre ans. Elle décrit comment, dès son arrivée, on lui a fait oublier son identité en lui attribuant une nouvelle identité blanche. Ses vêtements ont été brûlés, ses cheveux rasés, et elle a été forcée d'adopter une nouvelle religion et un nouveau nom. Le but était de la forcer à penser, parler et s'habiller comme une personne blanche, avec des punitions sévères si elle oubliait cette nouvelle identité. Malgré le lavage de cerveau, Lorraine souligne que deux choses n'ont jamais pu être changées : la couleur de sa peau et son esprit lié à sa terre natale.

Le traumatisme intergénérationnel

Lorraine Peters se souvient du traumatisme vécu par sa grand-mère, une survivante de la génération volée, après une réunion de survivants. Elle explique comment elle et ses frères ont posé des questions à leur grand-mère sur ce qui s'était passé, essayant de comprendre l'incompréhensible. Lorraine décrit la difficulté de raconter cette histoire aux enfants, tout en essayant de rester forte pour eux. Elle souligne que posséder et partager cette histoire a rendu ses enfants plus forts.

L'importance de l'éducation précoce

Lorraine Peters insiste sur l'importance d'éduquer les enfants sur cette histoire dès le plus jeune âge pour favoriser un changement. Elle se demande combien de temps il faudra à son peuple pour briser le cycle du traumatisme et combien de temps il faudra aux autres pour reconnaître ce qui s'est passé. Elle déplore le manque de connaissance de l'histoire complète de l'Australie et ses conséquences sur les jeunes générations qui ne connaissent pas leur identité ni leurs origines. Elle souligne la nécessité de briser ce cycle pour les générations futures.

Briser le cycle et l'avenir

Lorraine Peters exprime son espoir que les jeunes générations pourront apporter un changement. Elle regrette le manque d'empathie de certaines personnes et souligne son amour pour l'apprentissage des cultures et de l'histoire des autres. Elle déplore que l'attention portée à l'histoire autochtone soit souvent limitée aux journées commémoratives, sans suivi concret. Elle souhaite injecter de l'énergie dans les jeunes générations en leur racontant l'impact massif de cette histoire.

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Transcription

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0:00 I'm Lorraine Peters. I'm from Warren in New South Wales, which is Kamilaroi and Wildman country. The situation was opened I think in 1911 specifically to take children that were removed and the assimilation policy away from their families and country and place in this institution to be specifically trained to be domestics, provide families. It was established in a disused hospital in Cootamundra and the idea was to keep the girls isolated far away from family and community. They were trained as domestics and farmhands. A lot of that's where all of the brainwashed teaching and assimilation tactics took place. I'm one of eight children, two my brothers went to a boys home,

0:46 which was opened up at the same time for us girls. We were placed in. Cootamundra Training Home in 1943. So for the next ten years of my life, I was. There to be trained as a domestic. On arrival, you soon forgot your identity. Because I'm about to give you another identity. Whatever clothing you were wearing through that, and why it would be burnt. Then I'd lost you with chemicals and your hair shaven. Then you were given a job, a religion. I bet being four years old, everybody had to start work somewhere. Punishment was automatic if you forgot to be white.

1:34 The identity change where mentoring there was to be white, speak white, dress white, an egg white black was bad. We couldn't even talk about being an Aboriginal person. The brainwashing was full on for ten years until we got it right, you know, and the punishment was horrific and that's private. And you take that as a four year old being brainwashed that you soon forgot Aboriginal ways and then white, white. Two things I always say they can't and could not change was the color of their skin and their spirit that we carried from country. I was eight years old, so four years older than what grandma would have been

2:23 when she was forcibly removed and at that time my grandmother and my mum had been to a reunion of Stolen Generation survivors. She had come home and was obviously deeply traumatized and upset. And I think as young children, you know, you go to your grandmother and you ask the questions, you know, what's happening. And we were told, I do remember not being able to comprehend how that could have happened to her. It was a shock. Yeah it. Was a shock not only to to the kids, but. I thought, how am I going to. Tell them the story? You know, I kept running in and out of grandmother. You have a bed to sleep on. Did they feed you? Grandma I bath grandma.

3:11 I wasn't going through my healing process, which started to the time making stopping about when I had my big trigger myself. I'm a pretty strong together individual, not one. Nothing shakes meal. But I thought, how am I going to. Tell them the story? I think it's a horrible story to tell children. Perhaps you had to sort of pull yourself together and show that strength to them as a person you are as a grandparent. I own that story and added to that story and it made them really strong individuals. Today there's a lot of discussion about what is the right age for children to learn about this history. I still stand by. You know, the the younger they,

3:58 the better the more impact will have on making a change. How long is it going to take my people to break the cycle of the trauma? The other side is you. How long is it going to take for you to break to knowledge that this happened? But people don't know what they don't know and don't want to know. You can't force that on anybody. But it's a shame that this country. Does not know its full history. The effects of that history, and why little people today are still running around that don't know who they are, where they come. From, and why they are acting out.

4:45 It's a vicious cycle. If we don't. Break it in. Our families, it'll keep going. I won't see it in my lifetime, but for people that that that have got no empathy for others and not that's not what we at they're looking for. I love to learn about other people's cultures. You know, and their history in their country. But it's it's a shame like. We have in the platform we bring it up on on the apology, the survivor day all those days. But what happens in between. A lot of the older generations, you know, we might not be able to

5:35 make change there, but I feel like injecting all of that energy into our younger generations and telling them what a massive impact.

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