MEDIEVAL HISTORY FOR CGL MAINS (LEC-2) by PARMAR SSC

0:00 So hello everyone and welcome to the second lecture of Medieval History of Triple R. So in this lecture we have to talk about Vijayanagara Bhamani and Mughal Sultanate. Okay, so let's start with Vijayanagara Empire. Okay, if we talk about Vijayanagara . Both the Bahamani Sultanate were existing together, so the part of Krishna River was yours and the part below Krishna River was that of South India. But the Vijner Empire was ruling and the upper part of it that is North of Krishna River, here was our Bhamani Kingdom. Well, now here these people are known by different names like those of Vijaygarh Empire are known as Narapati. The same Bhamani people are known as Ashwapati

0:47 and their contemporaries were the rulers of Orissa who were known as Gajapati. Now we are going to focus on Vijayanagara. On the empire, which was known as Karnataka Empire, their capital was Hampi, which was the local goddess of their kingdom, Pampa Devi. These people who were from Vijayanagar Empire used to say that we are Lord Virupaksha. If we talk about Virupaksha ji, then he is the incarnation of Lord Shiva and Pampa Devi is considered his goddess. If it is okay then he is her. The name comes from MP which is situated on the banks of Tung Badra River. If we talk about Tung Bhadra Vijayanagara then it means of Victory. It was established

1:34 in 1336 by Harihar and Bukka, who are contemporaries of Kakatiyadu. Now the things that are there like the Sangam Dynasty which came first, the first dynasty which ruled the Vijayanagara Empire, Hariyar Whose founder was Bukka, then Sulwa came, then Tuluva came, okay Tuluva came, then your Arai Vadu, so we have to see the rule of these four dynasties, right from Sangam 1336 to 1485 AD, Harihar Book's traveler on his time in 1336 Ibn Battuta came from Morocco,

2:22 Devrai the First and Devrai the Second, so if we talk about Devrai the First, then he was from his time. The name of the traveler who had come at the time of Devrai the first was Niccolo di Conti, okay Niccolo de Conti had come at the time of Devrai the first and had come at the time of Devrai the second, Abdul Razzaq who had come from Persia and Abdul Razzaq. It was only Tulu who had told about the fortification here that there are seven levels of fortification here, then after the Sangam, the Salva Dynasty comes, there is no need to read anything like this about it, if we talk about Tuluva. From 1505 to 1500 70 or somewhere you will get 1565 because in 1565 also we will see that a major battle takes place where the Vijayanagara Empire is completely destroyed, its first ruler was Vaj Veer Narasimha. Or Narsa Nayak can also come. Narsa

3:09 Nayak is fine because he was the most prominent ruler not only of the Tuluva dynasty but of the entire Vijayanagara. KDR Krishna Devaraya, the king of the Empire, was the ruler from 1509 to 1529 and what all the things he had built, Vijay Mahal, Hajar Rama Temple, Vitthal Swami Temple, Vitthal, which is the temple of Lord Vishnu, is worshiped in Maharashtra in the name of Vitthal ji. Let's go to Vishnu ji and there is Hajar Rama temple and Vijay Mahal. Okay, the one we call House of Sorry is Vijay Mahal but there is another one here. That is Lotus Mahal, okay that is also here, if we talk about the title then they called Yavana Raj Priya or Yavana Raj Thapa Naachar which means Restoration of the Yavana Kingdom i.e. these people were Bhamani Kingdom, so whatever it means to them is the throne.

3:57 There was a lot of hustle and bustle going on, so he had done this, that is why he had taken the title of Yavan Raj, Acharya Abhinav Bhoj, Andhra Bhoj and Andhra Pitamah. He also had the titles of He had built a suburban township named Puram in the name of his mother. He was a scholar of both Telugu and Sanskrit. In Telugu he had written Amukt Malida which is a book on state craft i.e. a book based on politics and a Sanskrit drama called Jam Bhavati. Kalyanam, at his time, two travelers had come from Porg, the Barbo Sea and the Doming Peace. He had worshiped whom as Ashta Digj Ashta in his court. Just as we saw Navratan in the court of Chandragupta II, similarly we will see Navratan in the court of Akbar, after this comes Arai Vadu, after Tul Dynasty, okay, but before that,

4:42 keep in mind that here is the Battle of Talikota, okay battle. Also known as Rakshasi Tang, in 1565, Ali Rama Rai was here, he was doing a kind of rule, he was always the ruler, Shiv Rai, but he was a puppet ruler. Sadashiv Rai was ruling Ali Rama Rai on his behavior as if you can relate Manmohan Singh and Sonia Gandhi a little in this way. If you can, then in Talikota there are completely Deccani Sultans, that is, the ones we were seeing above, Baman Sultans, they destroyed them, now who among them were the people of Bijapur, Ahmednagar and Golconda who destroyed them, so last. At some places, if Chular asks you, he gives his name and that of Sadashiv Rai, so it must be Sadashiv Rai or is it actually available now or not completely ? From 1930 onwards, a full stop took place. In a very small part, the Arrive Vid dynasty

5:29 started ruling in the eastern part and its last ruler was Vas Sriranga the Third, who is also considered the last ruler of the entire Vijayanagara Empire. During his time, Nivaj Nagar. During the administration of the empire, we get to see immortal heroes. Who were the immortal heroes? Who were the military commanders, right? Who was the Raya? Rai, he was the king, right? Whoever was a Raya was a king, was an immortal hero, was a military commander, the Iyengar system was run here in which a committee of 12 members was also formed, there was a village committee and this is called the Iyengar system, okay, we have just seen the traveller, Devrai the first. Who came at the time of Niccolo de Conton second Devrai first? Questioner Abdul Razzaq came at the time of Devrai second and Achat Deva who is Rai came at his time. Farnav Nanij, who is one of our next porch gal traveller, he came

6:17 Achyut Devrai, if we talk about it, he came after KDR, after Krishna Dev Rai, his brother Achyut Devrai sat on the throne. If we talk about architecture, then by the way, it is the entire Vijayanagar Empire. So it was something like the Tung River, it was divided, okay the upper part of it, that is, here it was called the Sacred Center where there were temples etc. Mostly it was called Royal Center, right, which was in the south-west of Tunga Bhadra and there was an urban core in the urban core, meaning there were residential buildings, there were mostly temples here and here the King and his Council of They used to be ministers, so we got to see this Mahanavmi box in the Royal Centre. Well, in a way, the box was not a box, the sweet box was a big platform where every Navami, like this There used to be representations that these people

7:05 are known for making stepped tanks like Kamalpur, you will get to see the tank only here and the one which is believed to have been built by KDR is in Lotus, not Lotus Temple but Lotus Mahal, you can see Elephant. Stable Lotus Mahal Elephant Table You will get to see all these in the Royal Center plus Mahanavami Dibba is also ok which you saw Hazar Rama Temple is ok Sorry Hazar Rama Temple if you Leaving aside the rest of the temples, which is Virupaksha Temple which was built by Lakan Dande, we had one Virupaksha temple in Hampi, where was the one in Patta Dalkal which was built by Chalukya kings, by the way, there was a queen and Queen Lok Mahadevi was built by them, so Virupaksha. Here you have to keep in mind that Lord Shiva has been told that the thing is clear, Hajar Rama Temple was just in a royal center, rest all Vitthal and Virupaksha are your secrets. It was clear in the center,

7:53 if we talk about Vijayanagar, then we have seen all these things, who were Kudra Chattis, the local community which belonged to the merchants, we know them by the name of Kudra Chatti, okay and so I thought all the things, we Now we have discussed about the Bahamani Kingdom who were their contemporaries. Okay, this was the Bahamani Kingdom. Do not read much about the Bahani Kingdom. Just keep in mind that its founder was Alauddin Mahman Shah, who In 1347, it was also known as Hasan Gangu who founded the kingdom and its capital was Gulbarga. He defeated it. Then comes Tajuddin Firoz Shah. Firoz Shah has just said about Deva Rai the first ruler. We were watching that he defeated the Sangam Dynasty and married their daughter and in the next battle Devaraya Van defeated him and after that when he was defeated, Ahmed Shah Wali sat on his throne. Regarding Ahmed Shah Wali, let us remember just one fact that

8:42 he shifted the capital from Gulbarga to Vidar. Now what happened after this, there is a guy, ours and his name is a second, what is his name, what is his name, what was the name, I have forgotten whom. Humayun Shah had given the title Malik Taj Jur, it is Malik Taj Jur, it means Chief of Merchants, Chief of Merchants and who was this, it was Mahmood Gawan. Okay, Mahmood Gawan gave it the title, there was a trader who came here and Afaq was a trader. Afaq means that there were two types of Muslims, one who was from the south, one who was from the south, from South India and one who came from Iran etc. So he was a free trader, he

9:28 was given this title, you have to keep this thing in mind, Humayun Shah gave him this title. The title that Diya and Humayun Shah had was the title of Zalim because he was a very cruel person and was very cruel. The Bhamani Kingdom here was divided into four sides. What are the provinces on each side? This is right from the beginning. The division was the provinces, which were big, they were called on one side and each party used to rule in it, kind of, okay, this thing has to be kept in mind, now this is the side, later we will come to Bahamani. The empire breaks and it gets divided into small kingdoms like Bijapur, Ahmednagar, Golconda, Bidar, this is your Krishna river, here is Birar, here is Ahmednagar, here is Bijapur, here is Golconda and here you will get to see Bidar. It got divided into five kingdoms where different dynasties

10:13 started ruling which you can see here. Do you have to remember this year? Absolutely, there is no need to remember this year at all, only you. The dynasty and its ruler need to be kept in mind that where was the ruler of which dynasty, like Ibrahim Adil Shah ruled the south, now where was Ibrahim Adil Shah, then you will get to see this Adil Shahi dynasty, where is the Adil Shahi dynasty? But in Birar, you have Imad Shahi dynasty and in Bijapur, you have Adil Shahi dynasty. Okay, in Gol Konda, you have Qutub Shahi dynasty. One thing to keep in mind is that He introduced the Dakhini Scot language and built Gol Gumbaz, which is known as Spring Gallery. Okay, who was the architect of Gol Gumbaz, which is the second largest dome in the whole world? Yakut of Dabu, the architect was Mohammed Quli Qutb Shad, who was the architect of Golconda. He was ruling in Golconda Fort, he did not build it. He built the wall of Gol Phanda Court. Golconda Fort was

11:01 built by Kaka Diya Warangal. There were four minarets which were built in Hyderabad, that's the only thing that has to be kept in mind regarding them. Now we had read in Delhi Sultanate in the last lecture that the last dynasty in Delhi Sultanate was Lodi Dynasty. Now who was the last ruler of Lodi Dynasty? Was our Ibrahim Lodi? So who defeated Ibrahim Lodi? Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodi. Who was Babar? Babar was the one who At the age of 12, he sat on the throne of Fargana. Fargana is present day Uzbekistan. When in 1494, he came to Kabul in 1494 and made his base in Kabul because he was driven out from there. After that, he attacked Ibrahim Lodi in 1526. Whom did Rana Sanga defeat in the First Battle of Panipat? Whom did he defeat in the Battle of Khanwa in 1527?

11:48 Defeated in the battle of Khanwa. Whom did they defeat in 1528? Who defeated Medni Rai in whose battles? Whom did they defeat in the battle of Chanderi in 1529? Who left out Lodi etc., who defeated them on the eastern side. You Afghans can note down where they were defeated. But in the Battle of Ghagra, he drank water, ate food, took donations and went home. He then fought four successive battles and died in 1530. Well, his original name was Zaheerul Mohammad Babar, just Zaheerul Tum, remember in short, he had taken the title of Jo Hai Padshah, had written his own autobiography which we know by the name of Tuzuk Babri and it had written in Turkish language to convert it into Persian. Had worked for one of Akbar's Navratan, Abdul Rahim, to eat food. He built an Aaram Bagh in Agra.

12:34 Take care of Aaram Bagh, which has now become Ram Bagh. Okay, he had built Arambagh in Agra. You have to keep this thing in mind. Okay, so we have seen all these things regarding Babar. Zaheerul, the rest is fine. First he was buried in Agra, then later he was buried in Kabul, that too. You see, now after this comes Humayun, Humayun was his eldest son, who now has a strategy which we call Tulag Ma, by using Tulag Ma Strategy. Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat and the one on the right side, Tulag Ma, was leading his army and said, Humayun is fine, so things have to be seen about Humayun. What to see about Humayun, then Humayun. If you want to see things about then who was Babur from 1526 to 1530, now here comes 1530 onwards and remains till 1540.

13:24 First of all, why because first it comes and rules, it is a little okay but after that it faces some problems. Chausa and Kannauj fight two battles, the one from Chausa in 1539, the Battle of Kannauj or Bilgram takes place in 1539 and 1540, who is this? It is like this is your Chausa, this is your Bilgram which falls near Kannauj or it is also called Battle of Kannauj, it is okay then who would win in this? Shershah Suri, who is an Afghan, defeats him. Who is Shershah Suri? So this one is a kind of Bihar. Understand like this. You can say that he is a ruler, his original name is Farid Khan, Farid Khan, it is known as GT Road and in the middle of it, an inn has been built for the people to stay. This

14:09 is his mausoleum, it is in Sasaram, Bihar, where did he die? Akha India. It is known that it was held in Kalinjar Fort and if we talk about Shershah Suri, its administrative system was adopted by Akbar, what would have happened now? That is, when he is defeated, this Humayun runs away in 1540 and where does he run away? It is the Asaf dynasty of Iran, he comes back there in 15 55, he comes back to you, okay because by 1545 he has died. It happens to our Shershah and he is able to rule only for one year because of the stairs of the library. When he played library polo, Qutubuddin's library was from its state. He will play for a while, if he is descending or climbing then he has died. Okay, now

14:54 if we talk about Babar, then where is his weather, but you will get to see his weather. Earlier, Kabul was in Agra but now it is in Kabul. You will get to see what it is , where is it buried in Delhi, where Humayun's tomb is built, Humayun's tomb was built by his sister Gulbadan Begum, sorry about it. His wife, Haji Begum, is right, Gulbadan Begum, she wrote Humayun Nama, which is his biography. Humayun Nama, his biography, which is his sister, Haji or Biga Begum did the work of making it, and his brother and Who were Askar, Apna Hindal and Kamran, who

15:40 was Kamran Apna, it means everyone had got a little bit of the Delhi area, Humayun. Kamran Bhai had got the region of Kandhal, Kandhal and Kabul region is fine. Kamran had got the region of Kandhal and Kabul, it is fine. Now let's see what is the matter regarding my brother. He was the biggest in 1530 and his brothers. We lost this battle, this Humayun Nama built a shelter, this one who is the age of Delhi as a second capital built a shelter, we have seen all these things. Okay, regarding Shershah Suri, he had introduced Rupee, GT, Road, Land Tax, fixed 1/3, no need to remember this, okay and Kanke, he had done all these, the last one was Kalingar where he died. Hasan Khan's son was there, that's all,

16:28 nothing else to remember. Now who will be after Humayun? After Humayun will come his son, whose name is Akbar the Birbal? Okay, so Akbar. If we talk about Akbar's recording then keep in mind Jalali Jalaluddin Mohammed is very tall and wide, what will you remember Jalaluddin, you will just remember, okay Jalaluddin, like Zaheeruddin was remembered in it, it is okay for Babar, so Akbar was the first to ascend the throne in 1556. It is estimated that in 1556, the first battle of Panipat would take place in which Hemu i.e. Hemchandra Vikramaditya would defeat the Afghan forces. He was leading it but he himself was not leading it because he was 13 years old, his coronation took place in Punjab, it is fine but Bairam Khan,

17:17 who was its agent and guardian in the Second Battle of Panipat, was the lead. I was doing okay, what happens after this, Akbar sits on the throne and keeps doing one thing or the other back to back. Now whatever he keeps doing one thing or the other, we need to read it as if first of all we have to keep in mind . That he did many expeditions here but what is important is what we have to read, one, you should know what he did in Gujarat, okay, he did it in Gujarat, when he came back victorious in Gujarat, he got Buland Darwaza built . Buland Darwaza is fine made of stuccoed red sand stone and where did he get Buland Darwaza constructed in Fatehpur Sikri and he also constructed Fatehpur Sikri and made it his capital 1571 Why did I get it constructed because of his son, he was not having any son, he had done a lot of trials but it

18:02 was not happening, so he again went to Sheikh Salim Chisti and Sheikh Salim Chisti told him to go, son, there will be not one but three. And it has already happened, see, Jahangir built the city of Fatehpur Sikri in 1569 in his name and also shifted the capital. In 1571, I remembered the gift. No friend, come on, what did he do in 1585, he went to Lahore and made Lahore the capital, then in 1598 he shifted the capital to Agra, you should know all this, things are fine, now keep in mind that Akbar also fought the battle of Haldi Ghati in 1576, now Haldi Ghati Against whom did he fight the war? Then the war of Haldi Ghati was fought by the one who was the Sisodia Rajput ruler. Where is

18:47 Rana Sanga of Mewar who was ours too? I was the Rajput ruler of Mewar. Sisodia was a Rajput ruler and his grandson was Rana Sanga Ji's Maharana Pratap the Great Maharana Pratap. Okay, so he was in this battle in Haldi Ghati and from the other side, Akbar's forces were led by lead by who was leading Akbar's forces? Maan Singh was doing it. Maan Singh was leading. Who is Maan Singh? So who was his wife? Whose Akbar's name was it? Was Jodhabai Harka Bai ok? Harka. Bai who was the Kachhwa Rajput ruler, Kachhwa Rajput ruler was Bharmal of Amer, his daughter was Kachhwa Rajput ruler of Amer, Jaipur, present day

19:36 falls in Jaipur, she was his daughter, Harka Bhai and what was Harka Bhai's cousin ? Mansingh had taken the lead, keep this thing in mind and there is no decisive thing in it that if brother wins, he wins, but yes, the Mughal army had attacked after many months and From here, Maharana Pratap means that he did not kneel before Akbar and he did not accept the sanctity of the Mughals and it is believed that he went to the forests and ate grass. You must have heard the story of Maharana Pratap's Brewery. And about her husband, well remember 1576, why is it being erased brother? It is okay, in 1576 Maharana Pratap is the one who fought in the battle of Haldi Ghati. Akbar died in 1604 when Jahangir, his own son,

20:26 started a rebellion. Akbar's guarding keep in mind that Akbar built many things. Like the Panch Mahal was built by Akbar, rest of the fort of Agra is the fort of Allahabad, rest of the Buland Darwaza, Fatehpur Sikri, we have already seen all that. So here you can see the calendar, the eldest son sitting on the throne in Punjab was Humayun's Jalaluddin Baram Khan Second Battle Panipat Ok Akbar tried to win over Rajput Mary Harkha by daughter of Bharmal Most of the Rajput Kings recognize but only Sis Rajput ruler. He was the only one who did not accept his sentiments. He fought till his last breath in the Battle of Haldi Ghati. You can see this. He set up a kind of new religion named Deen Ilahi. What Birbal had accepted?

21:12 Apart from this, what else did he introduce? So he brought good land reforms. Okay, who is your Babar? Okay, so what land reforms did he bring? So whatever he brought to the land, first of all, Major. Revenue was decided on the basis of 10 years, which is called Jabti or Dahsala system, the estimation of your land will be done on the basis of 10 years. And who is it believed that it was brought by Finance Minister Akbar's Todar Mal, whose name was So the land was divided into four categories, Polaj, Pauti Chach and Barren, okay barren, so this is Polaj land, it is never left vacant. It is left vacant for one to two years, it is left vacant for three to four years and is barren, it is left vacant for five years plus, it is barren, it is four Divided the land into categories, plus our Akbar

21:59 , he also brought Mansab, Mansabdari system. Under Mansabdari, he divided every piece of cake. Jat means rank or Mansab means rank, as if it is rank. From where to where did this rank go, this rank went from my house, this rank went from 10 to 7000, right, was this All India Rank, no, there was no All India Rank, this was You were told that you will have to maintain so many Ghul riders, if 10 is 10, then 10 is 7000, then 7000, 10 was the minimum, 7000 was the maximum, but in your SSC paper, if asked till what is the maximum limit, then you will say 7000, not 10000 because now in MTS. It was Rs 10000 because Akbar was not mentioned in it at the time of Akbar. 7000 was the maximum but this system continued even after Akbar, at that time it was seen up to 10000, okay the minimum was 10 and 7000,

22:47 now it used to be that brother, if you assume that you have got the mansab of 1000, then it is okay, you have got the ijt of 1000. If it has been allotted, then I have to maintain it for a long time, in return you will be given a part of the land from there. Take out the revenue, take out the expenses, take out the expenses, sell your horses, everyone has their own horses and sell the rest of the money to us, that is, in a way, the estate was allotted not to everyone, but to those who had a good reputation, you had 10 horses, you got land for 10 horses. It will be given, don't you feel ashamed, Agra Fort, Lahore, Allahabad and Humayun's tower, he did not build it, only the above thing was built, it is Humayun's tower. Whatever it is, it is Jo Biga Begum, Haji Begum, the credit goes to her, okay, there is nothing else left, Panch Mahal also tell you, Akbar had built it, okay, yes, the rest is also there, friend, look at it now.

23:33 There were Navaratans in the court. All this is fine with you. Now, which of these was our own? What was Akbar doing separately? Had he opened a translation department? He himself was educated. He was educated otherwise. What he used to do was to convert whatever was in Sanskrit into text in the form of questions. Even though he could not read the questions, it was like he got the Ramayana converted into Sanskrit. Who did it ? Abdul Qadir is writing 'Badni' in short 'Badni' to Ramayana, it is okay and he got Mahabharata also converted under the name 'Razmnama', gave it the name 'Razmnama', the Persian conversion was also called 'Badni Plus Faizi' which was a new version of it, he converted it and gave it 'Ibadat Khana' separately. What was the function of Ibadat Khana?

24:20 The function of Ibadat Khana was that whatever food comes will be worshiped. What is the meaning of Ibadat Khana? That religious discourses will be held here. Religious discourse means that there will be religious discourses, isn't this a good thing in our religion, this is a good thing in your religion, so Deen Ilahi religion comes from here, then Akbar said, here in Gwalior. There was a fort, Gwalior Fort, there was the rule of Raja Ramchandra Singh ji. Okay, so Raja said to Ram Singh, please send your Tan Sen, we are here. Tan Sen said, we will not go there, Raja Ram Singh. Said, go away friend, so Ram, that is, our Tan Sen, he left but he was not Tansen, his name was the original Ram Tanu Pandey, okay in short we are Tansen, later Akbar gave him the title of Miya and Miya Tansen. The name is done, it

25:06 is said that when he used to sing, the lamp used to get extinguished. Okay, so he is Ramtanu Pandey, who belongs to Rewa or Gwalior gharana. Did he play like you? 93.5 Red FM did not play Rabab or Dhrup Dhrup. His guru was Swami Haridas and Tan Sen had composed many Indian Goddesses and Dhru Pals for God and Goddesses. Okay and he was one of the Navaratnas in the court. Of the Akbar All Right Yes now Abul Fazal had written Akbar Nama which was his biography of Akbar divided into three volumes . One tells about Akbar's ancestors, others tell about his reign, what happened during his tenure and how was his administration, we get to know from the third volume which is known as Aine Akbari.

25:53 Again Repeat. The third volume was of Akbarnama and its name was Ane Akbari, keep in mind that the administration which is told about the administration, it accepted or adopted Sher Sasari, it is okay, it is over and the Mansab of 7000. Who did he get? Mirza Aziz Koka and Raja Maan Singh, the same Harka Bhai's cousin, it's over, it's over , now the last lesson is over, now who comes, Akbar's son Jahangir, it's okay, Nuruddin Mohammad Salim, his original name is son hai Zanjeere. Adil created the Chain of Justice and married Meher Nisa. Who was Meher Nisa? She was an Afghan. He defeated her here. She was the wife of an Afghan and had brought her here. But okay, he was married to her, the title given to her was Noor Jahan or Pasha Begum Pasha, whose title was Babar's Pasha Begum, talking about Mehru Nisa, she was the one, we have seen it okay,

26:42 William Hawkins will not ask questions to everyone else, so Hawkins If we talk about it, then there used to be a Hawkins cooker, I remember earlier, there was an advertisement on DD National, there was a Hawkins cooker, isn't it? My wife cooks very good food with carrots. Lua used to make it again and bring something like this. Do you people remember that William Hawkins, Sir Thomas Roe, had come here at his time. Remember, William Hawkins and he gave him a mansab of 400 and Thomas Roe had come here at his time. At the time of Jahangir, permission was granted to the English to establish a trading port at Surat. It is true that Ahmednagar Malik Ambar, which was not the Bhamani Sultanate below, was disintegrated in Berar. He gradually started destroying Ahmednagar, Bijapur, Golconda and Bidar, but did not destroy all of them, but yes, he destroyed Ahmednagar. He got the fifth Sikh Guru Arjun Dev Ji murdered because his rebellious son was Jahangir's

27:29 Khusro . Arjun Dev ji had given him shelter, so this one is the one who got him killed, who is Jahangir, okay, who was Khurram, this was Shahjahan, this was Shahjahan, take care, this is Jahangir He had a son but was not the son of Mehru Nisa, hence Mehru Nisa did not support his throne, but Shahjahan, Shahjahan, he told Mehru Nisa, aunty, now let's go towards Lahore, okay, offer Namaz there, now don't go here. Come again, he had written Tuj ke Jahangiri ok hai in Pashan language and his grave is Akbar's in Lahore, where is Babar's in Agra, first of all Agra. I was there just now Humayun's is in Kabul, Akbar's is in Agra, Jahangir's is in Lahore, it is okay and he had also built the Moti Masjid, Jahangir had built it in Lahore itself, it is okay, the Moti Masjid in Agra was built by Shahjahan and the one in Delhi. The Moti

28:19 Masjid was built by Aurangzeb, remember, Shahjahan's mother, I told you who she was, Jagat Gosai, that is, she was not my wife, she was my wife, she was one. Afghan's wife was Jagat Gosai, Afghan's widow. This was another wife of Jahangir, who is a Hindu Rathore Rajput ruler. Well, she had a daughter. Jagat Gosai was the father of Shahjahan, that is, Jahangir's mother was also a Hindu and Shahjahan's Mummy was also a Hindu, ok, no one for his deck and foreign policies, he built Deewane Mango and Deewane Khaas, he defeated the Portuguese completely, he defeated Ahmednagar completely. After annexing, he forced Bijapur and Golconda to accept Sanity. Bijapur could not annex it. The work of annexing Golconda was done by his son Aurangzeb. Travelers

29:05 had come at his time. Bernier and Tove Nearer, both were French travelers and Niccolo Manqui. Who was an Italian traveller? Well, Vernier had visited India six times. Keep in mind that Peter Mundy was also there during his time. Keep in mind and the Red Fort was built. Everyone knows that Red Fort, Jama Masjid and Taj Mahal were built and when his health started deteriorating, his remaining sons i.e. Aurangzeb became Dara Shako, a war started between them and we will see now between Aurangzeb and Dara Shako. War happens but Shah Jahan wanted Dara Shiko. A question was also raised on whom he wanted Dara Shiko to sit on, but who did Aurangzeb sit on? We will also see in which battle Dara defeated Shikos, but you have to keep in mind that what was the province in his time, the province

29:53 was the biggest unit and under it, there was the government under the province. Which we call a district in the name of District DI and under it there was a Pargana, then there was the Suba Government, Pargana, keep this thing in mind and below that there was a Village, a village, okay, so the Subedar used to lead it. If we talk about Aurangzeb, he ruled from 1658 to 1707. Whom did he defeat in the Battle of Dharmat and Sahugarh that took place in 1658 ? Aurangzeb defeated his brother Dara Shako and took the title of Alamgir. He got Guru Tegh Bahadur murdered because he He was getting the Kashmiri Pandits converted to Islam and Tegh Bahadur was resisting it, so he said, you should also convert to Islam, so

30:39 he agreed, otherwise Aurangzeb got them killed, it is okay and he annexed Bijapur in 1686. Golconda was annexed in 1687. It is important to keep this thing in mind. He used to make appointments. Fatwa-e-Alam Giri was issued by him that brother The Muslim lodge will have to follow everyone's standards. Fatwa-e-Alamgari had re-introduced Jizya, which was abolished by Akbar. It is okay and it died in 1707 in Daulatabad, which has now changed its name. What has happened? First, later it became Aurangzeb. It was after his death and was given to Aurangabad. Is this the current name? It is Shambhaji Nagar. It is okay, it has also got the title of Zinda Peer. Tha living cent means limit, who was the donkey who gave him the title of Zinda Pir, there was no donkey bigger than Aurangzeb, because of this, now the Mughal Sultanate

31:27 is downfall, due to which now the rest of Rulersongs, he If you didn't do it, then the rest of the rulers songs are in the name of only one. Remember, this Mohammad Shah is our Rangeela. We give him the title of Rangeela's Bada Rangeela. He liked it, neither Mohammad Shah Rangeela. At that time, Nadi Shah colored it i.e. attacked it and looted it all, the Peacock Throne which belonged to Shahjahan etc. and the Kohinoor Diamond, he also looted it. Bahadur Shah had the last rule, what would happen to them? We will see later which Englishmen will make their scissors. Well, one more thing in the Revolt of 1857 and here keep in mind that with respect to Aurangzeb, which Bibi The mausoleum is fine . Bibi's tomb was built by Prince Azam Shah who was her son. It is

32:19 written somewhere that it was built by Aurangzeb but Azam Shah built it in the memory of his mother and her mother 's name was Dilra Banu Begum. It is fine. Hai Dilra Banu Begum, ok, it was made in her memory , this is where our entire Mughal Empire ends and now we will start our modern history, history of modern India, thank you.