MENGAPA TIONGKOK HARUS MENYERANG VIETNAM? Perang Sino Vietnam

0:02 [Music] fire even though Vietnam managed to expel America from its homeland and managed to unite Vietnam conflict and war still plagued the Land of the Dragons later Vietnam would fall into a circle of hostility between the superpowers and the hell of war with both Cambodia and China December 21, 1978 as many as 150,000 Vietnamese troops supported by the Soviet Union invaded Cambodia in just a few days they

0:49 managed to control all of Cambodia and managed to overthrow the Pol Pot government and the Red Hammer not long after a few days after Vietnam controlled Cambodia February 17, 1979 as many as 330,000 Chinese troops supported by 200 tanks Attacked Vietnam brutally in just a few days they managed to control dozens of provinces and cities in [Music] [Applause] [Music] Vietnam from here we know that fellow communists are not always harmonious in fact Soviet China Vietnam and Cambodia fellow

1:36 communist countries are at war with each other from all these battles and conflicts then why do these countries attack each other Aren't they both communist and allied and who is to blame this is the fifth or final episode of Vietnam Vietnam history series [Music]

3:24 Vietnam's relationship with Cambodia was quite good, especially during the outbreak of the Indochina war, even when the Vietnam war occurred, it was proven at that time that the Cambodian government allowed North Vietnam to pass through part of its territory as a route for North Vietnam to attack its enemy's nest in the south, but in 1970, Lonol, with the help of America, succeeded in overthrowing the previous leader, Prince Norodom Shihano. Everything changed suddenly, unlike Sian Lonol, who tended to side with America and its

4:11 allies. Shortly after the coup, Lonol issued an ultimatum to all North Vietnamese troops to immediately leave Cambodia instead of leaving Cambodia on the basis of the same communist idea, North Vietnamese troops or to leave Cambodia. Hanoi would not remain silent if they left Cambodia, they would not be able to fight America, like the Vietcong group in South Vietnam and the Petetlaau in Laos, which was given assistance by Hanoi for the sake of its war interests, so in Cambodia Hanoi provided

4:57 assistance in the form of funds and military to the Cambodian communist group, the Red Hammer, after all, the Red Hammer group was a communist group that was against or anti the Lonol government which was pro [Music] Bara, with all that help and with its guerrilla warfare, the Red Hammer gradually continuously fighting the military regime of lonol especially in 1973 America has been from ina the red Hammer attack is getting closer from village to village to the main cities the red Hammer troops are getting closer until the time comes the lonol regime is

5:45 cornered April 17, 1975 the red Hammer managed to overthrow the lonol regime and establish the government of Kampuchcea led by polpot or salotsar the kamir rouge captured PAM pen they evacuated the capital two Million people including thousands of hospital patients were forced Onto the road and marched into the countryside many people in my country thought that on April 17 1975 with the K rou Victory we might return again to peace but in just a few hours after the

6:33 [Music] polpot is an authoritarian and militaristic leader even the polpot regime carried out social engineering that required all his people to farm anyone who opposed ak dies in the communist idea of ​​Cambodia which relies on Chinese communists [Music] mauism as many as 2 million Cambodian people had to die in the terrible social engineering as

7:18 explained in the previous content [Music] out in the countryside the population was forced to work in the Fields for 18 hours a day on minimal rations The camps became vast Killing Fields with the weak dying of malnutrition and brutal treatment thousands of others were taken away for execution as class traitors or subversives for all educated classes teachers Lawyers Doctors businessmen were to be exterminated Cambodia was cut off from most of the world while this Massive and brutal experiment in social engineering took place [Music]

8:07 as the leader of a country Pol Pot felt that Cambodia would not be safe and he thought that if later Vietnam would take over the territory [Music] Cambodia with this Red Hammer decided to immediately clean up all people related to Vietnam and also those who were still loyal to the previous leader Lonol therefore in May 1975 the Pol Pot regime sent its military to invade Vietnam and seize the islands of Pukwok and Tochu from Vietnam and 24 hours after Hanoi took control of Saigon Cambodia claimed the two

8:53 Islands as part of its territory but the fall of the two Islands immediately received a response from Vietnam on June 14 Hanoi sent troops pavn and quickly the Red Hammer troops were expelled from the island this was just the beginning of the conflict between Vietnam and Cambodia and later the tension between the two increased indeed throughout 1976 the relationship between Vietnam and Cambodia was very good this was evidenced by the diplomatic exchanges that occurred between the

9:38 two but behind the scenes Cambodia was still worried about what they considered Vietnamese expansionism would happen in Cambodia before that happened then Cambodia would make a preemptive move [Music] March 1977 the revolutionary army of Kampuchea attacked the provinces of Kieniang and Angiang in Vietnam the attack killed 222 Vietnamese civilians not only that in September 1977 the revolutionary army of Cambodia even dared to cross about 10 km of the border and attacked the

10:24 province of Tainan around 592 civilians due to this attack facing various attacks The Hanoi government was angry pavn began to gather a division of 60,000 troops and prepared to carry out a counterattack December 16, 1977 pavn began to cross the border and attack the province of Cambodia this attack was intended for Cambodia to stop its attacks and persuade the Cambodian government to negotiate with Vietnam but the Pol Pot regime

11:11 refused December 31, 1977 Pol Pot's government severed diplomatic relations with Vietnam Pol Pot's regime threatened to continue to sever relations until Vietnam withdrew its troops from Cambodia as a result on January 6, 1978 the PVN began to withdraw its troops and prepared to negotiate with Cambodia seeing the conflict that occurred in Indochina between Cambodia and Vietnam China also offered to mediate between the two on January 9, 1978 Vietnam's deputy foreign minister Pan Hin came to Beijing to ask for a

11:57 peace negotiation plan China tried to help him but Cambodian officials in China rejected Vietnam's goodwill not only that on January 18 Chinese deputy prime minister Deng Ying Cho flew to Cambodia to convey Vietnam's intention to make peace but again Vietnam's goodwill was rejected by Cambodia Pol Pot even stated that the withdrawal of Vietnamese troops on January 6 was a great victory for Cambodia they were increasingly confident that for Cambodia Vietnam was nothing And they continued

12:44 to attack Vietnam again culminating on April 18, 1978 the revolutionary army of Kampuchea attacked the city of Baco they came to the house of houses, looting property, killing livestock and burning people's houses to the ground, then all the people were gathered in an open area and then they were shot and even killed cruelly, children were thrown into the air and then slashed with bayonets, women were raped and killed cruelly as a result of this cruelty, around 3,157 civilians died,

13:33 of course this incident made the Vietnamese government angry, Vietnam would not remain silent and they had prepared everything to retaliate against all of that [Music] as the attack carried out by Cambodia then made Vietnam unable to contain its anger, Vietnam also believed that China was more on Cambodia's side in this conflict, this was evidenced by all the military equipment

14:18 such as fighter planes, heavy artillery, trucks and tanks imported from China, on this basis and on the basis of the form of retaliation, the Hanoi regime decided to crush Cambodia and overthrow the Red Hammer government, now Central Vietnam is preparing everything to carry out a major attack on [Music] Cambodia, but before the attack was launched on December 2, 1978 in Krati province on the border of Vietnam, a Pro Vietnam fun NSK group was formed, this group was led by Heng Samamrin, they were the top brass The government

15:05 and military that defected from the Pol Pot regime in Hanoi claimed that they were an independent Cambodian communist movement and their interests must be protected and Fu NS lost which would later hold the Cambodian government after the fall of the Red Hammer just waiting for the time the Red Hammer regime would soon collapse Vietnam's anger had peaked and the time had come for them to launch a counterattack [Music]

15:51 December 21, 1978 Vietnamese troops began to cross the border and launch a full-scale attack. This invasion was reinforced by 13 divisions totaling 150,000 soldiers with artillery, tanks and armored vehicles. This attack used a strategy known as the Lotus bloom or blooming lotus flower. This tactic used three stages. First, carry out a quick attack through three main roads to the capital. Second, destroy the enemy blockade and take control of the highway

16:36 blocked by the Red Hammer. Third, like a blooming lotus flower after successfully controlling the capital, the P VN spread its troops to various regions of Cambodia and took over strategic shelters. The Red Hammer troops were like spears that continued to advance to stab their enemies. Vietnamese troops would continue to stab forward using their tanks followed by ground troops behind them. This strategy proved effective within 2 weeks. The capital of Cambodia Penompen was successfully controlled by the revolutionary army of Kampuchea, unable to stem the intensive attacks of Vietnam, they retreated to the west

17:24 and various areas on the Thai border, but the attacks had not stopped. The PVN troops continued their lotus blooming tactics. They spread their troops to various corners of Cambodia like a blooming lotus flower. The Red Hammer troops were increasingly powerless in facing the Pavn attacks until then in early January 1979 the entire territory of Cambodia was controlled by Vietnam. [Music]

18:14 [Music] The success of the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia resulted in the destruction of the leadership and military structures of the Red Hammer in Koja. This also ended all forms of massacres by the Pol Pot regime against its own people in Cambodia. In other words, indirectly, Vietnam saved millions of Cambodians from the cruelty of the Pol Pot regime which was wrapped in communist social engineering. Mauritius. After the fall of the Red Hammer government on January 8, 1979, the People's Republic of Kampuchea was

19:00 officially established. This establishment was directly sponsored by Vietnam. The leader Fu NSK Heng Samamrin was chosen as the new leader of Cambodia as Pol Pot's replacement. However, the problem was not resolved. 10 days after Vietnam's success in taking over the capital, Penompen, ironically, China invaded Vietnam, which would result in Vietnam plunged back into hell

19:46 [Music] war before discussing Why China invaded Vietnam of course we must first know the rift in relations between China and the Soviet Union because behind Vietnam there was the Soviet we have known that the relationship between China and the Soviet Union as fellow countries that adhere to communism is very friendly especially after mauedong succeeded in defeating his political enemy the Kuomintang party from mainland China since then the communist ideology began to be implemented in China and

20:33 since then China and the Soviet Union began to build strong relations under the same system of government, namely [Music] communist but in 1953 a shocking news world leader Soviet Union Joseph Stalin died and we Kruschev rose to replace [Music] his position is different from Stalin cruschev implemented a more moderate leadership through the destalinization program and peaceful coexistence with western countries in other words Kruschev reduced the

21:18 authoritarianism carried out by Stalin's government which was very repressive but this approach was opposed by mauedong according to him this policy was very contrary to communist ideology and was a betrayal of the proletariat revolution for mau communist revolution must focus on the peasant revolution as the main force in the communist movement and in international relations communism mau this is more adhere to anti-imperialist in other words the communist view of maism is a radical ion that will not compromise with Western countries So it is not

22:04 surprising that Mauedong has criticized Krusev's politics several times for China, this will destroy the existence of communism itself in the world, whether we want it or not, it happens. Mau claims that Maus' communism is the right communism and Soviet communism Krusev is a communist who betrayed his own communism and has violated Stalin's communist ideology, therefore Mau always blames the Soviets and since then the relationship between China and the Soviets has heated up, now they have competed communists against

22:49 communists because of this difference, then challenged Diar k Chinese and Soviet relations peaked when China changed its borders based on border democracy in 1969 China assumes that Damanski Island, which is located on the border of China and the Soviet Union, is its territory, as a result, the battle between the two is inevitable, the division between the two is increasingly clear when the two compete to spread their influence

23:36 China does not want to miss the role in spreading communist ideology in the international world as a new player China wants to be considered a class 1 communist ruler in the world, as a result this resulted in a global split in the communist stream, namely the Soviet communist bloc and the Pro communist bloc China as we know both China and Soviet both played a big role for North Vietnam against America but their involvement in the conflict in Indochina was one of the efforts of the two communist power blocks competing for

24:22 influence and in this case Vietnam was more inclined towards the Soviet than China China felt betrayed from what they had sacrificed for Vietnam during the Indochina war but make no mistake Vietnam also felt betrayed by China who voluntarily gave support to the Cambodian Pol Pot regime which at that time invaded Vietnam and when Vietnam invaded Cambodia China was worried that it would be able to disrupt the balance of regional power that China wanted to maintain this circle of hostility had many reasons other than ideology

25:08 alone and this vicious circle was what made Vietnam sink into hell [Music] war in the early days of the outbreak of the Indochina War China played a big role for Vietnam [Music] North China was recorded as providing assistance of 20 billion dollars for the interests of the Himin troops war besides that around 1965 China also offered assistance in the form of cooperation in the exchange of

25:54 guerrilla strategies but this exchange of guerrilla strategies was rejected by North Vietnam due to various considerations such as the difference in the field terrain which was very different from China's strategy China would not be suitable if applied in Vietnam because this has been implemented when North Vietnam fought America this strategy is not effective at all Moreover North Vietnam already has a General and strategist who is highly respected in Vietnam none other than V Yen Giap this rejection made China angry How could the country he

26:40 helped reject his invitation China's tension rose on the other hand the Soviet also poured aid in the form of funds and military equipment to North Vietnam to send the aid the Soviet had to go through China Because the Soviets sent a proposal to China to be given access to North Vietnam but Abah Maong Menak the proposal on the grounds of the problem of arrival menangga ituin punara personally met Maong andarasung will access the Soviets in tion

27:28 China considers that if war occurs in that country then it is the country's own business even though previously China gave aid to North Vietnam to fight America but now China has rejected it just because there is the Soviets as its rival this made the Hano government hurt even so North Vietnam is [Music] However the good relationship did not last long in 1972 the

28:14 American president nion visited China to meet Maong it turned out they were working together [Music] with America seeing this Feeling [Applause] betrayed automatically the relationship between China and North Vietnam heated up again to calm the situation China provided some assistance for Vietnam's development for the next 5 years However it turned out that the assistance never came China was reluctant to provide assistance

29:00 to Vietnam because Vietnam had expelled millions of Chinese from Vietnam the relationship between the two heated up again on the other hand China and Vietnam have long had a territorial dispute where around 227 km² of the border area has not been determined a clear demarcation line as a result between Vietnam and China claiming part of the territory on the border The peak of tension between the two became even more tense when Vietnam invaded Cambodia in 1978 to 1979 because Cambodia was the

29:48 only remaining country loyal to China this Vietnamese invasion was considered a threat to Chinese sovereignty influence on the other hand Vietnam also had a clear reason why they invaded Koja as we have known before B the Vietnam border

30:33 andci areurther of [Music] Cia as a result the battle between the two could not be avoided and China had prepared everything to invade Vietnam they called it a punishment mission against Vietnam the Sino Vietnam war was just around the corner and Vietnam had to prepare itself to face His former elder brother

31:25 [Music] before the invasion began, Deng Xiaoping instructed his troops to limit the scope of their attacks and only try to achieve China's political goals. This was intended to avoid deeper conflict with Vietnam as experienced by America and also to avoid the involvement of the Soviet Union in the war. In other words, the purpose of the Chinese invasion was to give a warning or warning or even a threat to Vietnam to immediately withdraw from [Music]

32:12 Cambodia. The Chinese attack would be mobilized in two stages, namely carrying out attacks on villages and then taking over cities near the border and after successfully controlling Vietnam's strategic areas. They then withdrew and claimed victory. Chinese troops avoided jungle combat because they knew Vietnam had built various traps and tunnels as they did in the Indochina war. On February 17, 1979, the invasion of Vietnam began and the Sino-Vietnamese war broke out.

33:00 [Music] Chinese PLA troops with a force of 330,000 troops and 200 tanks began crossing the Vietnamese border. This attack was focused on two directions, namely in the west and east of Vietnam's northern border. On the western side, PLA organized its troops into the provinces of Hatuyen Hoanglienson and Laichau. Meanwhile, on the eastern side, PLA organized its troops to seize the provinces of Caubang Langson and Kuangnin. In this attack, PLA implemented a strategy

33:46 called scorched earth. Namely by destroying local infrastructure and plundering resources that were useful for weakening the Vietnamese economy. [Music] Fire [Music] The next day, on

34:32 February 18, 1979, the PLA immediately mobilized its troops in Cambodia to be moved to the northern border area. Around 300,000 Vietnamese troops were prepared to hold back the rapid advance of PLA to Hanoi. As a result, the battle took place. fierce between the two [Applause] in a radio Hanoi broadcast tonight Vietnam admitted Chinese troops are advancing several provincial capitals are threatened already two Major vietnamese Towns are said to have been

35:17 overrun plus a string of Villages along the 500 mile border This is Bob Brown Chinese news broadcasts have shown none of the current fighting only scenes from skirmishes along the border with Vietnam but diplomatic sources say two district capitals Have Fallen to the Chinese and 12 Villages in four provinces have been overrun radio hano claimed vietnamese Defenders had inflicted heavy casualties and disabled nearly 60 Tanks butitt provalting sebagimenc tiankok diwal will not fall further in the long battle and after the

36:03 Chinese mission was considered complete on March 6, 1979 China declared its victory they claimed to have advanced 80 miles and captured the city of langson caubang laucai and 17 other cities not only that they also managed to damage the headquarters of the regular division troops and 10 regiments of troops [Music] Vietnam Chinese invasion or Sino Vietnam war this is an attack as punishment or China's warning to Vietnam so that Vietnam does not invade Cambodia further as Vietnam did in 1978

36:48 until early 1979 China reminded Vietnam that the gates to Hanoi were wide open of course this was a short message from China that they could attack and seize Hanoi if they wanted but this was only a warning not to threaten Chinese sovereignty and influence in Indochina March 16, 1979 Chinese troops retreated simultaneously leaving Vietnam the bluff given by China was ignored by Vietnam they continued to place their troops in Cambodia and controlled their neighboring country

37:36 both Vietnam and China both declared victory over this battle China claimed that they had succeeded in destroying Vietnam and Vietnam claimed that they had succeeded in pushing back China no one lost and no one won in this battle what is clear is that China failed to scare Vietnam into withdrawing from Cambodia and Vietnam continued to occupy Cambodia for the next few years at least in this Sino Vietnam battle Vietnam lost around 30,000 of its soldiers and around 10,000

38:22 civilians became victims of this battle not only that agricultural land and also industrial property were destroyed by China's scorched earth strategy on the other hand China lost 26,000 of its troops and almost three times as many tanks as Vietnam failed to threaten Vietnam through invasion China took another path China invited America to convince countries in the UN to withdraw their financial aid to Vietnam as a result ASEAN countries

39:08 imposed an aid and trade embargo on Vietnam not only various pressures from outside Vietnam also faced its own problems in its country Vietnam's scarce resources were drained enough to fund their military interests in Cambodia the war that had long haunted Vietnam also had a bad impact on the country's economy itself until finally in 1989 Vietnamese troops actually withdrew from Cambodia and left them to take care of their own country their retreat was welcomed by Cambodian citizens with

39:53 touching cheers because even though Vietnam invaded Cambodia they also saved millions of Cambodians from the cruelty of the Pol Pot regime for years later or even until now the relationship between China and Vietnam as well as the relationship between Cambodia and Vietnam is getting better because they have focused on building their respective countries this is the end of the history of the conflict and the Vietnam war the war in Vietnam is indeed over but the history of Vietnam will

40:38 continue they will write their own history and Vietnam's efforts to gaining independence and peace for decades has finally been achieved, how important history is for us to learn for a better future, because after all, history is a nation's asset towards glory and prosperity, greetings from Jas Merah [Music]

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