Brief Summary
This video lesson by English Teacher Ni Juan focuses on modal verbs and their use in expressing permission, obligation, and prohibition. It explains the specific modal verbs associated with each category, providing examples to illustrate their proper usage. The lesson also includes a brief exercise to test understanding.
- Modal verbs express possibility, certainty, ability, requests, and permission.
- Prohibition is expressed using "can't" (against the rules) and "mustn't" (speaker's rule).
- Obligation is expressed using "have to" (external obligation) and "must" (speaker's obligation). "Don't have to" indicates no obligation.
- Permission is expressed using "can" and "could."
The lesson introduces modal verbs as essential components of English grammar, used to express varying degrees of possibility, certainty, and ability. Modal verbs add extra information to the main verb, covering areas like making requests, offers, and asking for permission. The module aims to develop skills in using modals to express prohibition, obligation, and permission.
This section explains prohibition as preventing or forbidding someone from doing something, using the modal verbs "can't" (or cannot) and "mustn't" (or must not). "Can't" typically indicates something against the rules or policies, as illustrated by the examples: "You can't go in that hotel wearing slippers," and "You can't drive in this country unless you are over 18." "Mustn't," on the other hand, usually implies that the speaker is setting the rule, such as "You mustn't use your phone in class," or "You mustn't sleep late."
The lesson moves to modals of obligation, focusing on "have to" and "must," both used to express a duty or commitment. "Have to" indicates that the obligation comes from an external source, like a rule or law, exemplified by "I have to work on Saturday" and "They have to wear their uniforms in school." The phrase "don't have to" signifies the absence of obligation, meaning something is optional, as in "You don't have to pay your bills in advance." Conversely, "must" expresses an obligation that comes from the speaker, such as "I must hand in my thesis by tomorrow" and "I must stop smoking."
This part of the video discusses modals of permission, specifically "can" and "could," which are used to allow someone to do something. "Can" is most often used to ask for or give permission, while "could" is also possible but less common. Examples include "Can I borrow a pen?" "Can I go now?" and "Could I open the window?"
The video includes an exercise to test the viewer's understanding of the lesson. Viewers are prompted to identify whether underlined phrases in given sentences express permission, obligation, or prohibition. Examples include: "Passengers must not play music or talk on this part of the train," "You can't rent a car without a credit card," and "You have to show your ID before you can enter the place."
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Transcript
Full transcript of “MODALS || Prohibition Obligation Permission |GRADE 9||MELC-based VIDEO LESSON | QUARTER 1 | MODULE 1”. Click a timestamp to open the video at that moment. Need another video? Use the YouTube transcript generator.
0:00 time check it's English o'clock in English [Music] teacher nihuan [Music] um I mean learning English easy for you please like comment and subscribe [Music] hello grade nine thank you for tuning in to English teacher nihuan are you ready with your first lesson [Music]
0:51 our Target most essential learning competency for this video is express permission obligation and prohibition using modals [Music] modal verbs are very important in English we use them to express something that can probably certainly or possibly happen modal verbs help when speaking about ability making requests and offers asking permission and more modal verbs give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it they have a great variety of
1:37 communicative functions in this module you will learn the skills in using modals which express prohibition obligation and permission let's first talk about models of prohibition prohibition from the word prohibit means to prevent forbid stop or disallow someone from doing something models used for this purpose are can't or cannot and mustn't or must not can't usually gives the idea of
2:23 something that is against the rules policy yeah examples you can't go in that hotel wearing slippers you can drive in this country unless you are over 18. while mustn't usually means that it is the speaker who is setting the rule foreign as in you mustn't use your phone in class role of a teacher in the classroom
3:10 you mustn't sleep late rule of a mother to her kids [Music] let's now proceed to modals of obligation which are as follows have to and must have to and must are both used to express obligation which means a Duty or commitment however there is a slight difference in the way they are used I have to shows that the obligation comes from someone else not the speaker this is usually referring to a rule or law examples
3:56 I have to work on Saturday because your boss requires you they have to wear their uniforms in school because that is the school policy my doctor said that I have to stop smoking or I'll risk serious problems you have no choice but to follow your doctor's advice on the contrary we use don't have to to show that there is no obligation you can do something if you want but it is not an obligation example you don't have to pay your bills in advance
4:41 it is not a requirement as long as you can pay on time however you can settle it in advance if you want here are other examples you don't have to wear a tie to go to that restaurant but it would be nice you don't have to wait for me I could get a taxi now the other model which is must expresses that the obligation comes from the speaker examples I must hand in my thesis by tomorrow I really must call my parents I must stop smoking it's costing me too
5:29 much money it's my decision [Music] and lastly models of permission permission means allowing someone to do something and the models we use for this purpose are can and could [Music] most often used to ask for or give permission it is also possible to use could but it is not often used as can examples can I borrow a pen can I go now could I open the window
6:18 let's have some exercises to know if you really learned something from our discussion tell whether the underlying phrase expresses permission obligation or prohibition put a check mark in the appropriate column number one passengers must not play music or talk on this part of the train [Music] two you can't rent a car without a credit card [Music] three you have to show your ID before you can enter the place
7:04 [Music] four you can sit here the seat is free [Music] fine I must stand in all requirements before Friday [Music] foreign [Music] if you want more of this video tutorial and learn English in a light speed [Music] subscribe and turn on notification
7:50 button lessons see ya thank you [Music]
