남성보다 10년 이상은 더 긴 수명｜노후 준비 안된 여성 독거 노인의 초라한 현실｜다큐프라임 - 100세 쇼크｜#골라듄다큐

0:01 The number of elderly people dying alone in single-person households is increasing every year. It is no longer someone else's story. (Gender ratio of elderly single-person households (2015) / Source: Statistics Korea (2016)) Among them, the most noteworthy are elderly women (1,128,000 female households 71.5% / 450,000 male households 29.5%). Grandmother Kyung-sook Cho, who is 80 years old this year, lives alone in a cramped single room. A shabby living space where she cannot even put a single piece of furniture. She is currently living in difficulty as a basic livelihood recipient, but in fact, she was the first private kindergarten teacher in Korea.

0:52 How great it was back then! She was such a young and respected elite woman. At that time, 1 million won was a lot of money. (Kyung-sook Cho / 80 years old) It was better than the salary of most professors. Kindergarten gave us so many things (in addition to our salary). It was a happy time spent with our children and financial freedom. Now, it is just a memory in a faded photograph. The misfortune that suddenly came without preparation for old age eventually led to poverty in old age. (It's) different. I got divorced early. I teach my kids (at kindergarten) all day and when I get home, there's chaos. Where do I

1:47 go after that? Living expenses are always tight. After paying the monthly rent out of the basic living expenses, I don't have enough money to spend. Even for dinner, I just eat a spoonful of rice with milk. I regret not preparing for old age now. Elderly women are more likely to fall into poverty than men. It's closely related to longevity. (Director Woo Jae-ryong / Korea Retirement Research Institute) The core of the problem of the elderly is the poverty of elderly women. Elderly

2:32 women have to live an additional 10 years (compared to men), but the wife takes care of her husband, but the wife has to take care of herself. If she lives alone and suffers from an illness with insufficient retirement funds, she has to take care of herself. Therefore, the problem of old age can be said to be an issue of elderly women. (Women) have to come up with a plan and prepare well for old age. If you don't take responsibility for your own livelihood due to the longer life expectancy, longevity is no different from a disaster.

3:18 -Recently, court statistics have shown that 1 in 4 bankruptcy filers are over 60 years old. But why is the bankruptcy rate for this elderly population so high? It is because of the unique culture of Koreans. Today, I loaded up a cart with scrap paper. An elderly couple in their 80s earn their living by collecting scrap paper every day. -6,200 won -7,200 won.

4:04 7,200 won. If you earn 7,200 won a day, you’ve earned a lot. They work like this and barely earn 200,000 won a month. (Jang Bok-nyeo / 86 years old) I hate receiving even 10 won for free from others. It’s okay for me to receive money that I worked hard for, but it’s not okay for them to receive money that they worked hard for for free. The couple owns a small villa that is about 8 pyeong. Because of this, they can’t receive basic livelihood security benefits. So they don’t have any cash to spend right away.

4:53 (Jang Bok-nyeo / 86 years old) I live without money. It’s not because I don’t have money. I heard that other people have side dishes prepared even when they are old. (Side dishes) But they say they buy it and eat it instead of cooking it at home. Sometimes I think, 'What kind of luck did those people have to live like that?' and sometimes I cry alone. I need knee joint surgery, but I can't even think about it. Both of my legs are swollen like this. (The swelling is) as big as a child's head.

5:41 Now I can't live comfortably. I don't even ask my children for money. If I ask my children for money, both of us feel bad. That's why I don't ask my children for money. Why do I ask my children for money and live? I'll live like this on my own and then I'll die. (Kim Jeong-ja (pseudonym) / 88 years old) Every time I bought a house, I took tens of millions of won, tens of millions of won. I would come here and take a little bit every day, go there and take a little bit. Later, I bought a house and gave them all the deposit money, so I bought it for 230 million won. How can I get money from my son? (Cho Kyung-sook / 80 years old) I didn't know that I should take care of myself first and give the rest (to my children).

6:33 The most important thing that makes Koreans poor in their old age One of the big factors (focused investment on children is one of the biggest factors of poverty in old age) is the cost of support focused on children (focused investment on children is one of the biggest factors of poverty in old age) It is sacrificing one's life for the success and happiness of one's children (Jeong Soon-dul / Professor / Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University) In Korea, the part about children is particularly big. 'My child's success is my success', so (my child's success) is a successful old age, and the characteristic in Korea is that people think that if their children do well, they will be okay in whatever situation they are in. It is different from foreign countries (Preparing for retirement funds) If we look at the proportion of household expenditures of Koreans (40s / 30% of monthly expenditure on children's education) In their 40s, 30% of monthly expenditure is spent on children's education

7:24 (50s / 55% of retirement funds on children's wedding expenses) In their 50s, more than half of retirement funds are spent on children's wedding expenses (60s and later / lack of retirement funds) Ultimately, this child-centered culture hinders retirement preparation. It becomes an obstacle. Especially, even in times of financial difficulties, they try not to sell their house and keep it. This is because they have to pass it on to their children. (The house) has to be given to their grandchildren. The grandchildren do not have a house. When the grandchildren get married, they have to find a job somehow.

8:16 In Korea, real estate accounts for an absolute portion of retirement assets (85% of retirement assets). Experts say that in a reality where people are not prepared for retirement, assets concentrated on real estate are a problem. (Director Woo Jae-ryong / Korea Retirement Research Institute) Elderly people and middle-aged people live with their houses tightly held onto. When they die at the age of 90 or 95, they give (the house) to their son as an inheritance. Then, the son is 70 years old. This is the miserable situation called 'old-old inheritance'. It is like the parents' saving money is meaningless. Just changing your mindset can change your life in retirement. A

9:02 couple in their mid-70s are living in the house they used and using the house as retirement funds. (Go Eun-shim / 75 years old) Even if you enjoy living in a house, money does not come out of the house. (Money) does not come out of the house. You just live. Then We live on other people's money, and when we die, this house will go to our children, but it's really comforting to know that we'll get a monthly pension from our house. The couple signed up for a housing pension so that they wouldn't have to rely on their children for their old age. They can receive a fixed amount of money in the form of a pension for life until they die from their current house, using their house as collateral. The

9:49 biggest burden is that they'll be a burden to their children in their later years. They don't want to burden their children financially. (Lee Ki-yong / 76 years old) You have to prepare in advance. The results of what you prepare in advance will come (in old age). The couple also bought a small garden. They grow blueberries as a pastime. If they didn't have a specific plan for how to spend their old age, they would n't have the luxury they have now. We made a long-term plan (for old age) in advance. I'm glad that it seems to be being put into practice now.

10:40 (Woo Jae-ryong / Director / Korea Retirement Research Institute) Preparing for old age is either 'addition' or 'subtraction.' Addition means increasing income, working more, and investing more in pension. If that's difficult, 'subtraction' is just as effective. Subtraction means reducing consumption appropriately. So, unnecessary It is about reducing consumption. If you sell a mid-sized car after retirement, you can save 600,000 won a month. Maintenance costs and other expenses are about that much. Young people can save a significant portion of their retirement funds by saving a cup of coffee. It is called the 'cafe latte effect' and is a popular retirement preparation technique in foreign countries that says, 'Save a cup of coffee to prepare retirement funds.' As the

11:25 tradition of supporting parents is gradually disappearing, if you do not thoroughly prepare for retirement yourself, poverty in old age will never be someone else's problem.