📘 नीति आयोग : महत्वपूर्ण रिपोर्ट्स | NITI Aayog Important Reports📊 JPSC • SATE PCS | JharGS House

0:00 Hello friends, you all are heartily welcome to Jar GS House and friends, whoever wants 2500 plus MCQs of GS Paper One and GS Paper Two with explanation can contact on WhatsApp. So friends, today we are going to discuss something which will prove to be a true Brahmastra for the JPSC Preliminary Exam 2026. Absolutely, and we will not let this discussion become a dull explanation. You are absolutely right friends, just think about it. An examination where no state in the entire country, that is, no state, could score 100% marks. Everyone is lagging behind their goals. And the most interesting thing is that in the same examination, our own Jharkhand, which often has to face taunts for its backwardness. It is at

0:48 number one in a particular subject, surpassing the entire India. Wow, this is the secret of our detailed discussion today. Our topic is NITI Aayog Sustainable Development Goals India Index 2023-24. Pay attention friends, today we will do such a deep analysis of this document that you will become 100% sure of one or two questions in the exam. And this analysis will not be mere rote learning. We will understand why some states are ahead and some are lagging behind. This perspective is very important for preparing for administrative services. See, this index of NITI Aayog is not just a points table. This is

1:34 a complete, what we can call, blood test of the economy and society of any state. Blood test means when we go to the doctor, yes, yes, absolutely, when we go to the doctor, he does not just measure our weight. He checks our cholesterol, iron, vitamins etc. Similarly, NITI Aayog does not only look at the income of the states. It examines in depth a full 113 indicators such as education, health and equality. What is the matter? This blood test example is very accurate. Because often we associate sustainable development only with trees, plants and the environment. If we understand this from daily life then suppose you have

2:21 ₹10 lakh in your bank account. Good. Now if you want, you can spend all your money by buying expensive cars and clothes in a single day. It will be a lot of fun today. But what will happen tomorrow when the expenses of children's education or any illness arise? Is your account completely empty? It will be absolutely empty. Sustainable development simply says that today's needs should be met and the bank account of future generations, i.e. our natural resources, should also be protected. You are right and from the administrative point of view it is very important to understand the historical journey of this idea because when we look at the old question papers there is a strange confusion there. In fact, this precise concept of sustainable development first came in the

3:10 Brundtland Report of 1987, friends, please note that it was in 1987. Yes and this is where the examiner sets a very clever trap. Among the options, they often name the Club of Rome of 1972 at the top. Under pressure, we and the candidates tick the same. At once. So friends, we have to avoid this confusion. Absolutely avoid it. Let me explain how. Look, now the Club of Rome did give a report called Limits to Growth. Which started the discussion on environment but the 17 goals that we are talking about today did not originate from there. Then where did he originate from? These 17 goals were adopted by all 193 member states of the United Nations in the year 2015. This is called the 2030 Agenda. And do you

3:58 know what its basic principle is? No one should be left behind. The benefits of development should reach the last person in the society. No one should be left behind. This is a very deep matter. Now when the whole world is running after the 2030 target, how is it evaluated in a huge country like India? I mean, our country is so big. There are 28 states and eight union territories. If we take the average of the nation, it will hide the real situation of the states. You have raised the right question. And to remove this disparity and to promote cooperative federalism among the states, NITI Aayog prepared its own index and in this the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation and the United Nations have also

4:44 worked together. It was launched in December 2018 to create a healthy competition among the states. So which version is the report we're reading now ? This is its fourth edition and a total of 113 indicators are used and states are given marks between zero to 100. Zero to 100 points is fine. But one minute while I was studying this document I noticed a huge discrepancy. What discrepancy? The United Nations has 17 goals. But NITI Aayog is calculating the overall score of states on the basis of only 16 goals. Where did this goal disappear in the middle, brother? Oh no no this is not an anomaly but it is a very practical decision of NITI Aayog.

5:29 The goal that has been removed is Goal 14, i.e. life below water. Nice underwater life. Yes. Now think for yourself, where is the sea in our Jharkhand or states like Bihar, Madhya Pradesh ? Not at all. There are only nine coastal states in India. Now, it would be completely dishonest to evaluate something that is not even present in the geography of any state. perfect. From here the direct question will come in the exam. Friends, pay attention. The 14th goal does not count towards the overall points. Now on the basis of these marks, the states have been divided into four categories. Let me tell you that those with zero to 49 marks have been placed in the aspirational category.

6:15 We are going to do well with 50 to 64 points. Those with 65 to 99 are leaders and the one who scores full 100 marks is called the state target achiever. Now here I would like to put forward a shocking fact which can be directly printed in the exam. Tell me, tell me. Currently, no state in India is in the aspirational category. Meaning there is no one in the box from zero to 49. Everyone has crossed the 50 mark. Oh wow, this is a very good thing. Yes, but on the other hand, there is a disappointing thing too. No state has been able to achieve the target by scoring full 100 marks. All the states are struggling only in the middle two categories. Meaning the destination is still far away. Well, now the biggest mountain

7:02 comes before the candidates. How to remember these 17 goals in order ? Hmm. That's true. Under the pressure of exams, everyone forgets what fourth was and what eleventh was. Absolutely. So friends, we will not memorize it. We will weave it into the story. Please listen very slowly. The story of a poor boy named Ram. Try connecting this to any village near you. Stories get imprinted in the mind instantly. Let's listen to Ram's development journey. So Ram was from a very poor family in his childhood. With the help of the government, his poverty was first removed. This is our goal one. If poverty is removed then obviously food grains will come to the house and his hunger will be eliminated. This is goal two. His health improved when he got adequate nutrition. Goal three. When his body became healthy, he started going to school where he received quality education.

7:49 Goal four. And when the child studies, he will learn new things. In school he understood that boys and girls are all equal. That means she learned gender equality. This is goal five. What is the matter? When he grew up, he decided to improve the condition of his village. First of all he arranged for clean water and sanitation in the village. Goal six. And then solar panels were installed in the entire village. Due to which everyone got clean energy. Goal seven. Now see, real development will begin only when the basic needs are fulfilled. Absolutely. When electricity and water came, the work of the village people increased and economic development took place. This is goal eight. Seeing the economic development, new industries were set up there

8:35 and infrastructure was created. Goal nine. Everyone got employment in industries without any discrimination. Due to which inequality between rich and poor reduced. This is Goal 10. Gradually the village grew so much that it became a continuous city. Goal 11. The people of the city were very intelligent. They started using resources responsibly and producing. Goal 12 and when pollution decreased, the climate improved. Goal 13: Due to clear weather, underwater life like fish etc. became safe. Goal 14 and life on land, including forests and our animals. Everyone became happy. Goal 15 Now think about what happens in society when resources are abundant

9:21 and there is perfect balance in nature ? Crimes end in the society. Peace, justice and strong institutions were established everywhere. This is Lakshya 16 and finally after seeing this amazing model of Ram, the whole world partnered with him for Lakshya. This is our ultimate goal 17. This is a very cool and fluid way. If our candidates simply connect the events of this story with each other, then there will never be any confusion regarding the sequence in the exam. This story will work like a Sanjeevani herb. Okay, now let's move away from this story and come to the actual figures of the country. India's overall score at the national level now stands at 71. Hmm. When this index started in 2018,

10:06 we were at 57. So the journey from 57 to 71 is not bad. no way. But what surprises me most is the huge jump in Goal 13, climate action. It has jumped straight from 54 to 67. Yes. Yes, and this surge did not happen overnight. The reason behind this is the government's huge emphasis on renewable energy, especially solar energy. And initiatives like the International Solar Alliance have also played a huge role in this. We are saying the right thing. Similarly, if you look at Goal 1, i.e. eradication of poverty, the score there has also increased from 60 to 72. But if we look more deeply into this entire blood test report, a very

10:52 serious disease becomes visible. Which one? Goal Five: Gender equality. Of the 16 evaluated targets, this is the only target whose national score is still below 50. Only 49 marks. Why so? Why is it so far behind ? Look, this is a very analytical question. Actually, it is a little easier to create infrastructure. You can build a toilet by allocating budget. Solar panels can be installed. Yes, those are physical things. Absolutely, but gender equality is a matter of social mindset. Women's participation in the labour force, their representation in Parliament and Assemblies and equal pay. A These are areas where just spending money

11:38 won't bring about change overnight. It takes decades to change the thinking of society. You have said something very profound and important. Friends, this point will be very useful in writing the answers of the main examination. On the contrary, if we look at the targets that have seen tremendous improvement, we see clear government policies behind them. perfect. See, Goal 7, i.e. clean energy, has reached 96. This would not have been possible without the Saubhagya scheme. Who provided electricity to every home. Yes. Similarly, the crores of toilets built under the Swachh Bharat Mission have significantly strengthened Goal 6, and the permanent houses under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana have significantly improved the poverty and sustainable cities targets. Candidates should directly link these schemes with the NITI Aayog marks.

12:24 We now come to the performance of the states where the real competition is. Let us talk about the toppers. Yes, Kerala and Uttarakhand are jointly ranked first in the entire country with 79 points. A small formula can also be useful to remember this. Only Tago went to visit Kerala and Uttarakhand. Tagohy. Yes. Kerala and Uttarakhand on the first two. Then on the third is Tamil Nadu from Ta. Goa is at fourth position and Himachal Pradesh is at fifth position. Oh wow. This method is very interesting. And on the other hand, if we talk about the lowest position, then there is Bihar and our Jharkhand, Bihar is at 28th position with 57 points, that is, at the bottom and Jharkhand is at 27th position with 62 points.

13:12 But keep in mind that both are in the good performing category. Yes, when we do a special analysis of Jharkhand , we definitely feel a little disappointed after seeing the score of 62. Especially when a state like Uttar Pradesh has made a historic jump of 25 points in the last few years and is now directly in the leading category. Jharkhand is still struggling to achieve poverty and hunger targets. See, behind this leap of Uttar Pradesh is their rural electrification, tap water scheme and huge investment in infrastructure. But the geography and population of Jharkhand are completely different. The challenges here are more complex. There are dense forests. But friends, changing the topic completely, I would

13:58 like to tell you one thing. This is where the biggest secret of this document is revealed. There is a goal where Jharkhand is the boss of entire India. Meaning he is the king of entire India. Absolutely. And this is 100% probable fact for preliminary examination. And that goal is Goal 15 Life on Land. In this, Jharkhand and Tripura are jointly at first place in the whole of India. What is the matter? And this is no small matter, friends. Life on land means conserving forests, protecting biodiversity and preventing land degradation. The literal meaning of Jharkhand is forest state. Absolutely. The excellent work done by the state in saving its forests and maintaining the natural balance is

14:46 an example for the entire country. That means, even though we may be slow overall, we are leading the country in terms of environment and forests. perfect. Well now let's quickly look at some other topper states for specific goals. From where matching questions can come. Yes, I will count them. Tamil Nadu is at the forefront in eradicating poverty. Kerala is at the top in eradicating hunger. Gujarat is number one in good health. Kerala as well as Delhi are jointly ahead in quality education. And Goa won in clean water. Absolutely. Now, along with remembering these facts, we will also have to decode the traps or let's say the snares that the examiner lays in the question paper. Yes, friends, many mistakes happen under the pressure of the examination hall. Let's think of it like a testing environment. I

15:34 throw the net. You will cut it. Ok? Ask. Suppose the question paper asked on which objectives the overall score of NITI Aayog Index is based? Now the mind of the examinee will immediately run towards the 17 goals of the United Nations. But this is the first trap. The truth is that the 14th target has been removed. Hence the correct answer will be 16 only. perfect. Now the second trap is regarding categories. The question will come that in which category the worst performing states like Bihar or Jharkhand are and the aspirant will be given the option. Generally people think that those who are at the bottom will be aspirants and that is where they will get stuck. The truth is that even though Bihar and Jharkhand are at the bottom,

16:19 they have still crossed the aspirational category of 0 to 49. They are in the good performance category. No state in the whole of India is aspirational. The third trap is the base year trap. The UN goals came in 2015. Yes, but this index of NITI Aayog started in 2018. Not in 2015. This has to be remembered. And one last lowest score trap. Naturally it seems that India must be lagging behind the most in poverty or hunger. But surprisingly, the lowest score is not in poverty but in gender equality. Very good. Let us now test our understanding with some possible multiple choice questions. We will not only tell you the correct answer but also explain

17:06 why the other options are wrong. Ok. The first question can be raised on the overall ranking of Jharkhand. Many times people think that Jharkhand will be at the bottom and they tick the 28th position. but it's not like that. Jharkhand has a score of 62 and is at 27th position i.e. second from the bottom. Bihar is at the bottom with 57 points. Hmm. And if it is asked which two states have performed best in Goal 15 i.e. life on the ground ? Can you see Madhya Pradesh or Maharashtra in the options ? But don't get confused. The answer is quite clear. Jharkhand and Tripura. Well, what if the question is about the deeper details of the index's methodology, such as how many

17:53 indicators have been used? So the number 113 should be clearly imprinted in the mind. Another excellent question could be on the state that has improved the fastest. Yes, often our attention goes towards the southern states. Yes. But Uttar Pradesh has made the biggest and historic improvement of 25 points since 2018. That improvement has brought him into the leading category. And if the examiner asks, brother, who are included in the list of target achiever category i.e. states that got full 100 marks ? So there the option of zero or none of these will be correct. Because no one has been able to reach there yet. Friends, questions may also arise on the historical journey of the national issue. India's overall score was 66 in the 2020-21 edition

18:42 and has now increased to 71 in 2023-24 and the biggest jump, as we discussed earlier, has come in climate action. I think this analytical discussion will not only help the examinees in remembering the facts but will also give them the ability to sort out the options logically. Absolutely. So friends, now is the time for exam booster. 15 quick fire one liners to keep fresh in your mind just before entering the exam hall. The expert and I repeat it quickly. You just keep creating pictures in your mind. Are you ready ? All set. Fourth Edition of the NITI Aayog Report. Total targets covered in the assessment are 16. India's new overall score is 71. The biggest leap forward is the 13th

19:28 climate action goal. The top two states, Kerala and Uttarakhand, both scored 79 points. The states at the bottom of the index are Bihar at 57 and our Jharkhand at 62. Current category of Jharkhand good performance. And Jharkhand's biggest weapon is Target 15 Life on Land in which it is number one in the whole of India. Total number of states in Aspirational and Target Achiever categories is zero. The weakest performing goal, Goal Five, gender equality, scores just 49 points and is the backbone of the entire report with a total number of indicators of 113. Very wonderful. Friends, after this thorough and in- depth analysis, it is crystal clear

20:14 that this index of NITI Aayog is not just some dull figures. This is a vivid picture of an emerging, struggling and progressing India. Jharkhand may be struggling in overall scores , but the way it is leading the entire country in saving forests and environment should be a matter of pride and inspiration for every candidate. Of course, and before I end this discussion, I would like to leave a thought-provoking question for all future administrators. Tell me. Look friends, when we see that the geographical and political conditions of Uttar Pradesh help it to make a huge jump of 25 points, we and Jharkhand are moving ahead at a slow pace due to our dense forests and complex population

20:59 statistics. Candidates often move ahead just by looking at these heavy documents superficially, which is a big mistake. Yes, our entire discussion today will be focused on what is the real story behind these big figures and where are the exam makers planning to trap you ? So let's start breaking this maze without any delay. First of all let us talk about that wheel of life and development without which everything comes to a standstill. Meaning, friends, let us understand this with a simple metaphor. Just like every cell in the human body needs water to survive. Isn't it? Absolutely. Similarly,

21:45 energy is needed to accelerate the development engine of any state. So our discussion begins with the Composite Water Management Index. We find this index very interesting to understand. And its first test trap is hidden in the names of its makers. Well, how is that? See, whenever the name of water management or water conservation comes up, the mind of a common candidate immediately runs towards the Ministry of Environment. Yes, this is a natural thing. But candidates must keep in mind that the Ministry of Environment has no direct interference in this index. It is prepared jointly by NITI Aayog, Ministry of Water Power and Ministry of Rural Development. Wow, Rural Development Ministry too. Yes

22:31 , that's because this index is not just about saving rivers. It is also about providing safe water to rural areas and better management of irrigation. This point will directly result in negative marks in the exam. And if we look at its structure, I read that it includes nine main themes and 28 indicators. You read it absolutely right. Like how is groundwater being recharged? How is irrigation management going? Access to safe drinking water is part of this, and a unified document combining versions 3.0 and 6.0 is currently being worked on. Yes, and the warning behind it is really

23:17 scary. That 2030 warning. Yes. According to this document, by the year 2030, the total demand for water in India will be exactly double our available supply. This would be a very scary situation if it were doubled. Absolutely, and this is where a very important scientific scale comes into play called the Folkenark Water Index. How does this Folkenark scale work ? Look, it is very important to understand this. According to the Folkenkark Index, if the per capita water availability in an area falls below 1000 cubic meters per year, then that situation is called severe water crisis. 1000 cubic meters what does this mean? This simply means that if we combine the basic needs of agriculture, industry and

24:04 drinking water, a person is left with not enough water to live a normal life. Oh My God. Although the pressure starts at 10,700 cubic meters , but the situation below 1000 becomes a question of life and death. This is a really scary picture. Now if we talk about the performance of states, then Gujarat is at the top of this list. Yes. After that come Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Yes. But historically our performance in Jharkhand, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh has been very poor in this. However, I had read somewhere that Jharkhand has done a very good job in building water harvesting structures like sack dams or ponds. Then why is our situation so bad? Hmm, this is a very logical question. Look, the

24:49 structures have definitely been built, but the success of any scheme is not determined only by the structures made of bricks and cement. Then what is lacking? It is to spread water awareness among children through these programmes or the process of releasing funds at the state level for the schemes sponsored by the Central Government. Well, administrative slowness, absolutely, the administrative pace of Jharkhand has been very slow. The main reason for this poor performance is the non-availability of funds on time. got it? And yes, candidates should also remember a huge constitutional trap here. In the exam it may be asked that which list does water belong to? This has been asked many times. Yes, and many people consider it as the concurrent list of the Centre and the State.

25:37 Whereas water is completely a subject of the State List. That means the entire responsibility of water management lies with the state government. Well, now I understand the matter of water very well. Now let's move on to the other wheel of this engine. I mean the State Energy and Climate Index. Yes, this index mainly weighs the states on six parameters. How is the performance of electricity distribution companies in these ? How accessible is energy to the common man? And what concrete steps is the state taking towards clean energy ? All these things are included. So in the category of big states, Gujarat, Kerala and Punjab occupy the top three positions. And among the smaller states, Goa, Tripura and Manipur are ahead. Yes. Punjab in particular tops the list due to the excellent financial and operational performance of its power distribution companies.

26:26 But when we look at the situation of Jharkhand, it is at the lowest i.e. last position in the list of big states. Yes, this is a bitter truth. Meaning we have such a huge reserve of coal. Then why are you standing last in energy ? The answer to this lies in the same coal which we consider our biggest strength. How is that? There are two major reasons for Jharkhand being at the last position. The first reason is our excessive dependence on conventional energy i.e. coal. Today the whole world is running towards clean energy. But we are still not able to reduce our carbon emissions. And the second biggest reason is the poor financial condition of our electricity distribution companies. Which are running in losses. perfect. They are trapped in a cycle of losses where power purchase is expensive

27:14 and technical or commercial losses are high. Commercial loss means electricity theft or line failure, that is what it is called in common language. However, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh also fall in this lower order due to being coal-rich states. This is something to think about. And friends, a very interesting test is also looming in this energy index. What comes to our mind when we hear the name of Rajasthan? The scorching desert and the intense sunshine. So candidates often think that where there is so much sunlight there will be immense potential for solar energy. So Rajasthan will definitely be among the top three states. And the exam makers take full advantage of this psychological thinking. Isn't it? Look, it is true that there is

28:00 immense potential for solar energy in Rajasthan. But merely having the potential does not make a state top the index. Infrastructure is also needed. Of course, infrastructure and distribution systems also matter a lot. Therefore, Rajasthan is not among the top three in this index. So who are the top three? The top three are only Gujarat, Kerala and Punjab. Candidates should not fall into this trap at all. This was a very brilliant explanation. Now let us come to a conceptual question. Suppose a state has rivers full of water and electricity is available to every house 24 hours a day. But more than half the population of that state is malnourished. He is sick and uneducated. So will that state be able to survive in this fast race of development

28:46 ? Not at all. no way. The real wealth of any state is its human capital. So let us now talk about the health index of NITI Aayog whose motto is Healthy State Progressive India. See, this document is considered very powerful from the administrative point of view. Why so ? This is because a large part of the crores of rupees that states receive under the National Health Mission is now directly linked to the performance of this index. Meaning, only the one who does well will get more money. Yes, it is prepared jointly by NITI Aayog, World Bank and Health Ministry. It has a total of 23 indicators which are divided into three main areas. What are those three areas? The first is the

29:33 outcome, i.e., how many people actually got healthy. The second is administrative procedures. Meaning how the management of hospitals is going on and the third is input. That is, how many doctors and machines are available in the hospitals. We have a very comprehensive structure. If we talk about overall performance, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana top the list. Absolutely. Whereas Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh are seen at the lowest positions. But what happened in 1 minute? If we look at the health situation, Jharkhand has got only 48.25 marks in the overall evaluation and is at the bottom. Then why do we repeatedly hear in the newspapers that Jharkhand has done wonders in the field of health ? Is this just paperwork? And friends, this is the biggest examination trap of JPSC.

30:22 Good. Yes. This is not some paper jugglery but two different perspectives of looking at the index. One is overall performance which tells you where you stand overall today. Jharkhand is at the bottom in that. And the second perspective, the second measure is annual improvement which is also called incremental progress in English. It measures how quickly you have changed your circumstances this year compared to last year. Hmm and you will be happy to know that in this category of annual improvement, Jharkhand is at third place in the entire country after Haryana and Rajasthan among the big states. What are you talking about? We are at third place in the entire country in terms of pace of progress?

31:09 What changes have taken place at the ground level ? This reform is not at all imaginary. Jharkhand has recorded significant ground improvements in neonatal mortality rate, under-five mortality rate and low birth weight babies. This is very positive news. Absolutely. So candidates have to read the question paper very carefully whether the question is asked about overall performance or yearly improvement. One small word will change your entire answer. You said something very wonderful. Misplace one word and the answer is wrong. Now let us move beyond health to the second major pillar of human capital. That means school education. Yes. NITI Aayog's School Education Quality

31:54 Index. Now I feel that education no longer means just building a school building in the village. perfect. There was a time when the government's entire focus was on opening schools in every village and ensuring that children somehow reach school. Yes, ensuring access. Yes, but now that goal has been achieved to a large extent. So now this index focuses on quality education. Which simply means what is the child learning by going to school? Measuring the level of learning. Yes. And it is created in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and the World Bank. So here in overall performance Kerala, Rajasthan and Karnataka sit on top. Manipur is at the forefront among the small states. Whereas if we talk about the lowest positions, Punjab is at 18th, the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir is at

32:41 19th and Uttar Pradesh is at 20th position. Yes, but the situation in Jharkhand seems quite worrying. Even in the improvement category, we are stuck at 18th position. Why is it like this? If we go deeper into the reasons behind this, you will see the bitter truth of our education system. What is this truth? Statistics show that only 61.9% of the schools in the state have library facilities. Only 61% yes. And only 53.1% of teachers have received their approved training. This is very less. But the biggest failure has been at the administrative level. Of the blueprint prepared in the name of school development schemes, only 1.4% schemes could be completed.

33:26 Oh my god only 1.4% live. Now imagine yourself. A school building is standing. But there are neither books for the children to read, nor do the teachers have modern training in teaching and the money for the development of the school is just stuck in files. This is really something to think about. But if we consider education as mere bookish learning, will we be able to understand the true meaning of this index ? We probably won't. I think a big trap in the exam could be that candidates consider education quality to be only about exam results. You have caught it exactly right. See, administrative processes have great importance in this index. Administrative process means how is the allocation of funds to schools being done in a transparent manner? How is teachers'

34:13 attendance being recorded? All this is also considered a big part of the quality of education. Can you explain with an example? Absolutely. Take Karnataka for example. Yes. Karnataka ranks third in the country overall because of its strong infrastructure. But when it comes to improvement, that is, doing better than last year, it slips to the lowest position. Good sir. That means they are just stuck with what they have achieved. Not doing anything new going forward. What a wonderful contradiction this is. Well, friends, let us move away from these big state-level figures and the air-conditioned rooms of the capitals and move towards the ground reality. Absolutely. Let's talk about that program which has today

34:58 become a mass movement in India. I mean the Aspirational District Programme. This is an unprecedented initiative to bring 112 most backward districts of India into the mainstream. And this program is not running on any magic but works on a very scientific framework. How is that? Five main themes and 49 key performance indicators have been fixed in it. It is very important for future officers to remember the weightage of these subjects. So how is this load distributed? See, the first need of any human being is to survive. That is why health and nutrition have been given the highest weightage i.e. 30%. That's correct. After that, education has been given a weightage of 30%, then agriculture and water

35:45 20%, financial inclusion and skills 10% and finally infrastructure 10%. If we look at the recent trends, Balrampur Siddharth Nagar and Sonbhadra districts of Uttar Pradesh are leading. Yes, while the worst performing districts since the programme started include Osmanabad and Gadchiroli in Maharashtra and Alluri Sitarama Raju in Andhra Pradesh. But friends, here a fact emerges in the context of Jharkhand which is no less than a miracle. And what is that fact? Let us tell you that out of the total 24 districts of Jharkhand, 19 districts are included in this aspirational program.

36:31 Yes, and this is the fact that will surprise the candidates. Absolutely. When the programme was launched, Jharkhand's Chatra, Ramgarh and Dumka were among the 10 worst-performing districts nationally in the initial baseline list. You are right. But in the latest monthly assessment list of March 2025, Chatra district of Jharkhand has secured the first position by beating 112 districts of the entire India. Oh wow! This is really a great miracle. Yes, but this is not an overnight miracle, rather there was a very solid strategy working behind it. What was that strategy? Chatra has achieved this first position mainly due to the huge increase in institutional deliveries. Institutional Delivery

37:17 Yes, it simply means mothers giving birth in hospitals rather than at home. As access to health facilities increased among the general public, maternal and infant mortality rates declined significantly. We and this improved the figures. Apart from this, Simdega district of Jharkhand is also doing very commendable work. Since the launch of the programme, Simdega has consistently ranked among the top 10 overall performing districts. So candidates the net of the exam is very clear. You have to read the wording of the question very carefully. If asked, which have been the worst districts since the beginning? So your answer will be Chatra, Ramgarh and Dumka. Yes. But if asked about the most improved or top district in the recent assessment 2025, the

38:05 answer will be Chatra. Correct. Now we have to move beyond the development of backward districts and talk about the future economy. Economy of the future: Yes, because the economy of tomorrow will not depend solely on coal mines or factories. It will depend on innovation i.e. new thinking and knowledge. So let's turn the pages of the India Innovation Index. It is prepared by NITI Aayog in collaboration with the Institute of Competitiveness. It is also very important to understand G and its structure. It has seven main pillars. What are those seven pillars? Five of these are enabling factors, i.e., things that create an innovation environment, such as human capital or investment, and two are performance pillars, which

38:53 measure what new results emerge from this created environment. And under this, a total of more than 70 indicators come. perfect. If we talk about the performance of big states, Karnataka is at the top with 18.01 points. Karnataka will definitely be there. It is quite natural that it has an information technology hub like Bengaluru. Telangana and Haryana are next, followed by Odisha, Bihar and Chhattisgarh at the bottom at 17th place. But here is a very positive and relieving news for the candidates of Jharkhand. What is that ? Jharkhand is ranked 10th in this innovation index and its score is 13.10. We've often become accustomed to seeing ourselves at the bottom of every good list. Isn't it

39:41 ? Yes, that is true. So this tenth place finish is a very pleasant surprise. And this is not just a place but it is a huge achievement of Jharkhand. How is that? Look, we have limited infrastructure. Yet Jharkhand has outperformed many larger and historically prosperous states like West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Rajasthan in terms of innovation. This is a matter of great pride. Yes. This shows that new thinking is slowly but surely being promoted in the state. But friends, here too a huge web of examinations is spread. Absolutely. Many times the Global Innovation Index will be mentioned in the question paper to confuse you. In which India ranks 38th. So candidates should not confuse this India

40:28 Innovation Index with the states with that global index at all. Both are different. You are absolutely right. And now we have come to the document which can be called the jackpot of the upcoming 2026 preliminary examination. Jackpot You are talking about the Fiscal Health Index 2026. Yes, this document has been issued in March 2026. It mainly measures the financial indiscipline of the states. Lack of financial discipline. Simply put, how is any state managing its money? What is the actual condition of his safe? And as a future officer, you should have this index memorized. Absolutely. It has five main pillars. The first is the quality of spending. This means that the

41:15 money the state is spending is being used for capital development works like building new roads and hospitals or is it just being spent on paying salaries and pensions to employees? We are at a very important point. The second pillar is revenue generation. That is, how much tax the state is able to collect from itself. The third is fiscal prudence. Fourth is the debt index. And the fifth and fifth is debt sustainability. That is, is the state in a position to repay the loan it has taken or not? This is where test makers can set a very impressive trap. What kind of trap? You will be given the options of inflation control or monetary policy and asked whether this is the pillar of this index? Oh, this is a

42:01 very logical thing. Controlling inflation or making monetary policy is the job of the Reserve Bank of India and the Central Government. Absolutely. How can one state government decide the inflation or interest rates of the entire country? Therefore, both of these can never be the pillars of this state level index. You have done a perfect analysis. Now let us come to the situation in the states. In the Achiever category, Osa is at the first position and Goa is at the second position. And friends, listen carefully, in this fiscal health index, our Jharkhand is at third place in the entire country. Yes, and this is no small matter. This is a huge victory for the financial management of Jharkhand. Coming in third place is really a big deal.

42:48 Experts believe that Jharkhand has significantly improved its fiscal prudence. The state has increased its own tax revenues and, most importantly, maintained its debt at a stable level. This is why he ranks so high in the achiever category. And who is in the lower order? We are struggling with the vicious cycle of huge fiscal deficit and huge debt. Well, it has been a long time since we have been talking about the land of Jharkhand, its forests and its treasury. Yes, let's change the atmosphere a bit and go on a trip to the deep sea. So you are talking about India's Blue Economy document. Absolutely. It should be very clear to future officials that this document has been

43:38 brought primarily to promote our Exclusive Economic Zone and deep sea fishing strategy. And the most important thing in this is that this document does not release any ranking or position of the states. Yes, there is no list in it. This is just a guideline. Under this, provision has been made for financial assistance for large deep sea fishing vessels in the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana. How much financial assistance do we provide? For general category this assistance is 40% of the project cost. Whereas to encourage Scheduled Castes, Tribes and women, it is up to 60%. And here lies the biggest and surefire exam trap for JPSC aspirants. What is that? See, Jharkhand is a landlocked state which means it is surrounded by land on all sides and it does

44:24 not have any maritime border of its own. Correct. Therefore, Jharkhand has no direct role in this deep sea policy. You have said the right thing. If to confuse you in the exam, this question is given that according to this blue economy document, what is the position of Jharkhand in inland fish farming i.e. river or pond fish farming ? Then be alert immediately. This document is not about inland fisheries at all. Its entire focus is only on deep sea fisheries. Absolutely. Well, today we have seen so many indices, percentages and figures. Yes, there are a lot of figures. It is

45:10 not easy for any candidate to remember all these things separately under the heavy pressure of the exam. We understand your dilemma. That is why friends, we have brought for you an infallible memory formula i.e. a magical sentence. Magic sentence. Yes. Just memorize this one sentence. You will remember everything in a sequence in the examination hall. Listen carefully. When energy is obtained from water, health improves. When I went to school, my aspirations increased. There he innovated, strengthening the treasury and ultimately sailing the blue ocean. Wow, what a thing. This is a very wonderful formula. Let us connect each link of this formula with the performance of Jharkhand. Let go. The sentence starts with water i.e. overall water index. Where we know that poor performance and water crisis is a big challenge.

45:58 We have got energy again. This should immediately remind us that Jharkhand ranks last among the big states in the State Energy Index. perfect. Then health improved, that is, Jharkhand is at a brilliant third place in the country in the annual improvement of health index. Absolutely. And our story continues. We are ranked 18th in the category of improvement in school quality. Yes my aspirations increased. This means that Chatra district of Jharkhand has topped the entire India in the recent monthly assessment in the Aspirational District Programme. Innovation was done there. That means Jharkhand has achieved the best position in the India Innovation Index. very nice. And due to which the treasury became stronger. Meaning

46:44 Jharkhand is ranked third in the whole country in the Fiscal Health Index 2026 which can be the most important question for the exam. Lastly, let us go to the Blue Ocean, i.e. Blue Economy document which focuses only on the deep sea and in which Jharkhand, being landlocked, has no role. This magical formula will truly work as a panacea for the candidates. So friends, the gist of today's entire in-depth discussion is that for the upcoming examination, Jharkhand's third position in fiscal health and Chatra district's first position in the recent list of Aspirational District Programme, these two points are the most likely questions. Yes, along with this you must also remember our lowest position in the field of energy.

47:31 But before I conclude today's discussion, I want to leave a deep ideological question for all future officers. Surely today you have memorized all these figures, percentages and indices to pass the preliminary examination. But just think, tomorrow when you yourself become a high official and sit on your chair and have the power to take decisions, will these indices remain just a paper competition for you ? We or you will use this data to make policies that actually bring development to the person standing at the last rung of the society. Start seeing the humans behind these figures, their suffering and their hopes.

48:19 This is a very poignant and shocking ideological challenge. A good officer is one who can move beyond files and reach the ground. With the idea that you will not limit these data to mere numbers but will use them to create a better future for the society. We end today's intense discussion here. Wishing you all the very best for your upcoming exams and preparations. Keep studying deeply and keep moving forward. Hello.