Brief Summary
This video explores the research and preservation efforts surrounding the epic traditions of the Panay Bukidnon people in the Philippines. It highlights the work of Dr. Alicia Magos in documenting and promoting these epics, known as "sugidanon," and the contributions of National Living Treasure Federico Caballero. The video details the cultural practices, daily life, and artistic expressions of the Bukidnon, emphasizing the importance of preserving their heritage for future generations.
- Dr. Alicia Magos's research in the 1980s and 1990s documented the Panay Bukidnon's epic traditions and cultural practices.
- Federico Caballero, a Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) awardee, is a master epic chanter who has significantly contributed to preserving Bukidnon epics.
- The Panay Bukidnon people's way of life revolves around farming, hunting, and gathering, with rich traditions in weaving, music, and dance.
- Efforts are underway to digitize, translate, and publish the epics to ensure their accessibility and preservation.
- Schools of Living Traditions have been established to teach children Bukidnon language, epic chanting, weaving, and other traditional skills.
Between 1980 and 1989, Dr. Alicia Magos explored the mountains of central Panay, accompanied by NCIP region six field personnel, aiming to reach central Panay through interior routes. Later, in 1991 and 1992, she led her own research team, including UPV Iloilo research assistants and a local guide, to further investigate the area. These journeys, supported by funding agencies, sought to address the lack of information about this region, focusing on the Panay Bukidnon people and verifying the presence and distribution of epic chanting.
During her treks, Dr. Magos encountered an 84-year-old kept maiden and women chanters, learning about the inhabitants of the interior mountains of Panay, descendants of mountain people from Iloilo and Capiz. She theorized that these communities originated from the coast before the arrival of colonizers, later moving to the mountains along the Halawod and Panay rivers. Her explorations in the early 1990s aimed to clarify the indigenous identity of the Panay Bukidnon, solidifying their ethnic name.
The mountain dwellers of central Panay, known as Panay Bukidnon, are referred to by names related to their sources of sustenance, such as Halawod and Pan-ay. They live in simple houses elevated on bamboo poles, using tools like the santoku (knife), musong (mortar and pestle), and various bamboo containers. Their lives revolve around farming rice varieties, singing while working, and utilizing the environment for sustenance.
The Bukidnon people focus on tilling the land and gathering resources, with farming as a central activity. They also produce charcoal for sale in the lowlands. They trek through rugged terrain to markets, carrying goods using a "hang-on" pole. Additionally, they cultivate coffee, Amaka, Gabi, palawan and other root crops, which serve as staples during lean months. Weaving is prevalent due to the availability of bamboo and rattan, used for household items and trade. They trap wild animals in the forest using various methods, including limbong (pit traps) and cieaned (hanging rope traps).
The Bukidnon people gather food from rivers, waters, springs, and streams, catching fish and freshwater shrimps using methods like belanov (cloth nets) and constructing fish traps such as but-wan and ubog. They also dive with spears for larger fish. Despite external influences, they maintain respect for spirit beings inhabiting the forests, rivers, and land, consulting with babaylan (shamans) and muharram for healing and advice.
After a day's work, the Bukidnon gather to listen to elders sing sugi-dono, epics recounting the exploits of mythical characters. These epics, chanted by kept maidens or binukot, impart lessons and reflect the worldview of the Bukidnon people, serving as entertainment and education. Traditional weddings are significant events marked by feasts and celebrations.
Federico Caballero, a Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) awardee, is recognized for his mastery of the ten epics or sugidanon. Coming from a family of epic chanters, he continues a lineage of tradition. The binukot, maidens kept hidden from public view, command high bride gifts and are often pledged for marriage at a young age. Dr. Magos has collected numerous sugidanon stories, documenting the adventures of various characters.
Dr. Magos collected a series of sugi-dono stories, including tales of hunting sprees, hermit women, gold medallions offered for marriage, and warriors pursuing maidens. These epics often involve conflicts, fights, and themes of love, adventure, and deception. The narratives also feature characters from the upper and underworlds, with conflicts often resolved through arbitration.
Following Federico Caballero's GAMABA award, schools for living traditions (SLPs) were established to propagate Bukidnon culture. Children learn epic chanting, weaving, and musical instruments on weekends. These informal schools, led by living elders, ensure the transmission of traditional skills to younger generations.
Traditional dances like binanog and inagong, mentioned in the sugidanon, persist today, reminding the youth of their ancestors' dancing skills. Women dancers wear elaborate headdresses, necklaces, and belts made of ancient coins. Panay Bukidnon needlework features traditional designs inspired by plants, animals, and epic characters, often embroidered on clothing for special occasions. Children are encouraged to learn traditional musical instruments like the gong, gitgit, and kudyapi.
Besides epic chanting, other literary forms such as allow hi, I'm bahay, palya, and balda are sung by the Bukidnon. Allow high are shorter stories chanted in a similar style to epics, while I'm bahay are chanted lines expressing longing. Palya is a chanted repartee centered on love, and balda is used for subtle insults. Efforts are underway to digitize, transcribe, and translate the epics into various languages, with plans to publish them as e-books and hard copies. Dr. Marquez encourages further research to continue preserving the Bukidnon culture.
Dr. Marquez and Federico Caballero's dedication has helped resurrect a dying culture in Panay, securing recognition for the Panay Bukidnon as an indigenous group. Their work has resulted in a rich cultural heritage, with the University of the Philippines supporting the publication and popularization of the epics.
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Transcript
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0:29 in 1980 and 1989 yippie Visayas based on topologies dr. Alicia margos had a chance to explore the mountains of central Pinay for ten days with a group of ncip region six field personnel taking the eastern route to central panel with interior tapas copies as the target two years later in 1991 and 1992 she organized her own group composed of UPV Iloilo research assistants anarres le Mosul and Judith Bobbito along with a hollow woodland youth Ricardo chimeric serving as the guide in
1:17 her journey to the heartland of Panay why is agencies facilitated funding support recognizing that there is a dearth of information in this area of research the purpose of that trip was to see more of the pond yayan and holo woodland barren guys she as well verified the presence and distribution of epic chanting in these areas it was during that Trek that she was able to see an 84 year old kept maiden as well as women chanters who were sisters or close relatives of a benefit she also learned that the people inhabited the Interior mountains of the past copies and Kelleen of Iloilo are descendants of
2:04 mountain people of interior pnai previously called by various names Montez by Johanna mundos by Aldama and so lured by Johanna she theorized that their origin was once the coast before the colonizers came in but move to the farm mountains following the course of two major rivers Hollywood and pnai rivers dr. Makos also explored center panel in the early 1990s to clarify and strongly established the IP identity of an I became known and thereby clarifying their ethnic name all
2:50 Mountain dwellers in central panel covering the four provinces upon I bukidnon the use of the names Halle Woodman and I yawn yawn yawn yawn and Erin on our names referring to their source of sustenance the Halawa and pan a weaver respectively living in mineral or grips and houses these villagers must have come from the Seacoast but move to the interior and near water bodies the rivers and tricks in bukidnon house is usually a one-room affair that is elevated from the ground by bamboo
3:37 poles and is made of bamboo and the father who won a common fixture in the household is a do young and a Miss own where they pound the rice other tools and materials that you can find inside their houses are the following santoku a long black knife for cutting musong and hollow a mortar and pestle for pounding rice target a bamboo or wood sharpened at the end for digging holes bow in a small River endoscopy tied to once waste containing rice seeds the bores is a big woven container made of bamboo strips for containing caverns of rice and a wok a bolo
4:33 it is from the canoe pond or land the mountains hills and patches of land where they form and get the Visayan varieties of rice such as Messiah and malodor while working on the farm there were songs being sung to entertain themselves their lives in the mountains focused around tilling the land in searching the environment for their sustainance fighting in farming is a common activity they also make charcoal that they sell to the lowlands the bukidnon spent arts of trekking through a rugged trail and rivers carrying their products to the nearby market by means
5:19 of a short bamboo pole called - um - hang on this balances whatever it is that they are transporting in their bodies and makes the baggage bearable they also plant coffee Amaka Gabi palawan and other root crops root crops are staples during lean months when rice is not available weaving is a common activity for the bukidnon because of the availability of bamboo and rattan products from these are used in their everyday chores and are sold to augment their needs it is in the cattle unum or forest where they trap wild animals
6:05 using Milotic limba owned and bleep it they place traps for wild animals such as legged wild boars and deers a limb bone is a hole big enough to trap the animal with sharp pointed bamboo sticks or Luba and cover it on top with leaves cieaned or bug hood is a hanging rope serving a strap sep on a branch of a sloping area the pig lopaka curved branch Dimpy set under a tree and once the safety is released the pigs legs is caught the Liuba also a chopped works
6:53 when a wild boar jumps on it and if it is hit by a pointed stick the farmer or hunter traces the blood to locate it it is in the cut to be gun or water bodies such as rivers waters Springs and streams where they get food also by chopping fish and freshwater shrimps wicked non children also make the waterfalls as their playing ground belanov is a method of catching endogenous little fishes in the river hole door knob by using a cloth tied on the neck some traditional techniques used for gathering food are the
7:39 following but the one where branches of trees are placed on one part of the river for water to flow and allow fishes and crustaceans to come in the own a fish trap or a woman bamboo chart is set against the flow of the river current to allow fish to come be now gone a fish trap with a bait pot one inside it is similar to a cone a pond is a huge bamboo trap set on the intersection of the river where in two sides of the flowing water goes to the trap diving down the deep part of the river armed with a bus light pointed Eva or Lance
8:25 using a lengthy to protect the eyes and see clearly through the water the big fishes and freshwater shrimps so Laura pa'dar mom are catching fishes crabs and crustaceans and the early evening by using a torch to attract these fishes and crustaceans respect to the spirit beings inhabiting the forests the rivers and the land prevails in the bukidnon psyche despite having missionaries coming from the lowland and Western medicines reaching the bookid once they are still strongly attached to the Bible honest and the muharram that offer cure and provides advice after a
9:13 day's work a night with Eden would listen to the elder members of the family who would sing sugi-dono these are epics that tells the exploits of the mythical characters of whom adopt none labelled dong-geun malecon yahwah and others epics are sang are chanted long stories handed down mostly by capped maidens our benefit the epic chance give lessons and shows the worldview and social structure of the epoch people the ancestors of the pan I became known it also serves a syllabus for children and as entertainment its theme are mostly about romance and adventure who know the traditional reading figures in the lives of the bukidnon as it is a time for fist
10:01 and celebration people come to join the celebration and enjoy the rapid day of the bride and groom's parents Federico Caballero - ohon was awarded the Gama ba or the National living treasure by the National Commission for culture and the arts in the year 2004 epic literature this is for his mastery of the ten epochs or sous-vide a non soggy Bannon comes from the term su give to tell or narrate he comes from a family of at least five generations of epic chapters his great-grandparents are mostly chanters or mono so given on Babylon or shamans and Monocacy arbiters
10:48 this is from the lineage of envelope in to anger on who is Lula Sousa his siblings are also good epic chanters by emo will be among the oil or moola the lon rodolfo entire sea a beer on good chanters come from the family with a benefit lineage benefit is a maiden jealously hidden from the eyes of man and commands a high bride gift at the early age of four or five or even before the girl is born the child is already pledged for marriage to a young boy as agreed by the parents this is sealed by a Taurus a precious material or gift to seal the agreement
11:37 in the course of dr. mother's research she has collected a series of sugi-dono stories about the adventures of different characters that revolves around the land and sea a total of 10 epic stories of 13 volumes were gathering this article column where pi boron goes to a hunting spree with his dog the comb and cuts a magical bamboo tree all by masala Don a great witch and monster Umberto Chi tells of a hermit woman or an ugly monster who owns a gold pubic hair and took to her care two beautiful young girls very calm father
12:22 is about a gold medallion but Sinan lion offers for marriage to a lovely benefit map anion who was already pledged in a child marriage tool about dong Geun hence conflict follows Bella knockin on the other hand tells about a warrior who goes to Hollywood to pursue Matt an iron but was interrupted by 71 at the river began and ends with a fight where Berlin Ocwen was defeated Columbus is about a huge crowd Ramos and Laden a man from the underworld fells in love with Matt an iron and commands column PI to disguise as an island to deceive her Laguna a diet II from the upper world fells in love with a lovely
13:08 matt an iron silicon ion is about Matt an eye on who is now wife of La Belle Dugan who longs for her sister in Alexa ping gun and persuades La Belle Dugan to get her from Sinag nyan and make her his wife to come adapt known in his story of floorball use talks about home addict moon one which is about the Quran ban who baduk moon to which is the belukha de Bie kuma Duckman three home now and humid upland fourth begin la one this is by far the longest of the epochs with three-month storytelling they tell of humid uplands pursuant firmly their wedding and misunderstandings
13:55 Alejo is about a sweet scented flower the beautiful militant yahwah was pursued by the handsome adapt known using a garland of sweet-scented flowers called Alejo Nabu he's a ceremonial ritual where are you now an old woman gets sick and performs a ceremony of power transferred to her daughter Molly all conflicts in the epic I settled with loud Cena as arbiter or my new casaya when federico kabalyero became a gamma awardee even later on I was built in Quran and later in a colada to propagate the culture every Saturday children
14:42 would go to school and learn about epic chanting weaving and playing musical instruments so LS banana dancing the school for living traditions are informal schools with living elders serving as masters teaching the children with skills during weekends there were eight more SLPs built in Cali new yellow and the masks apiece segi Danone or epic chanting gives lessons and entertainment and as far as children to learn the skills of elders and their ancestors banana banks and Eaglehawk dance
15:29 mentioned in the sous vide on own still survives today to remind the younger generation of ebony ancestors who are good dancers women who dance spin alone where sigh : headdress winning Kieth necklace and the oneplus belt which are all made of ancient coins panel walk is a special needle work in traditionally designed form of embroidery most of which are inspired by plants and animals in the environment and by the epic characters and are being embroidered in the clothes of bookid nuns that are used during special occasions this also have sevilla comma designs inspired by the skin of the python snake and matin poonai that
16:16 is patterned after the eyes of the pune bird an epic character in the Alejo a child with interest in any other traditional musical instruments are thought or encouraged to learn the following Gong leap get the combo so Gong Gong Sabine bija or Kuja be Kuja P is a string instrument likened to a guitar aside from epic chanting there are other other literature's that are sang by the book ignorance this are allow hi i'm bahar paljah and below allow high are long stories but shorter than the epics and told in a chanting style I'm behind on the other hand are chanted lines sang
17:02 by the elders when they gather it expresses a longing or parting the lot is a chanted repartee with a general theme centered on love between a couple a young man and a woman or a parent and child Walt Alda which is also a chanted repartee is used to outwit or indirectly insult in a subtle manner the other person 23 years had elapsed since we first started working on the ethics of a knife the sugidama and now we want to show to this present generation that these
17:49 epochs are their very own to value and to carry dr. Marquez has facilitated the digitalising of the epics from the sensitive tape recording to DVDs with the assistance of the UPP element colors of music they were transcribed and encoded with the help of our researchers the archive documents of the ten epochs with breaking volumes at the Center for s design studies were secured and later on translated to canary a Filipino and English eventually it will be an e-book copies and hard copies we shall all be published by the U P press there are
18:35 many more that needs to be done and dr. Marquez invites scholars and cultural workers to continue research on the ethics in the bukidnon culture the words of dr. Marquez and math agree has gone far because of the dedication that they gave to resurrect a dying culture in the heartland of pnai we are now recipients of a rich cultural heritage the place of the pnai bukidnon and their recognition as an endogenous group has been secured it is a legacy that dr. Alicia Margo's and gababa awardee Federico Caballero have bestowed upon us the panel Janos 26 years that loves since I started
19:21 exploring central tonight for the presence of the ethics I started translating the ethics 23 years ago and now we have published epic coin which is about to come out I wish to thank the University of the Philippines for making possible the publication of the ethics as well as its popularization
20:42 nobody in my fiberlite not a new find a body and a video harem don't ah da Barra doughnut machine guru by da Oh messy Oh bye Tony paparazzi Funai Matta boxy man I
