POLITY ONE SHOT LECTURE FOR SSC CGL 2024 | GK/GS FOR SSC EXAMS 2024 | PARMAR SSC

1:04 So hello everyone and good morning to everyone, I hope that my voice is coming properly, you will confirm once. Come, today one short lecture of politics is going to be held. Okay, I hope everyone will have come well after taking a bath. Come on today

2:06 , how did you get so late, friend, there was a little echo problem in the last class, we were doing the same sort out of voice echo, I think in this lecture, in this class, you must not be feeling at all, there is no problem of this and no. Okay, so let's start today's lecture and since it is going to be a little long, you already know that, who takes bath so early in the morning, the point is correct, yes brother, let's start and without wasting much time. You may not be feeling at all in this class, we are fine now, voice , let's come for the first time, congratulations for the first time, how are you, how is everything at home, let's start again, let's have one shot of politics. And

2:55 here we are not going to start from the Making of the Constitution, we are going to start from Part Five of the Constitution, what comes in Part Five, please tell us in the comments by writing in Part Five which is the article number because look friend, it is so bad. You already know this much brother, what is a part, what is an article, you must know this much, I am not saying that you mean read the making of the constitution, if you don't read it then you will not understand. Actually, there are two ways of reading politics or So read from Making of Constitution or read from Parliament topic but usually we should start from Parliament topic, it is better and students also had the same demand. Okay, so your article comes in Part Five of Constitution from number 52. If we look till number 151, then it is fine, okay, now

3:44 it is part five of the constitution, that is, part number five, this total is divided into five chapters, how many chapters are there five chapters in it, which ones are the first, second, third, fourth and fifth. This is the five chapters, the first chapter which talks about the executive of the union is fine, the first which is the first chapter is fine, the first chapter which talks about whose union's executive, union executive i.e. Sangh, one more thing and all the Hindi Medium

4:30 students, I have a request that if you pause the video for a bit, will you wait? So, should I do the work myself? Download a PDF on Telegram, that is, if you put Part F of the Indian Constitution in Hindi, then it is an official of the Government of India. It won't come, it's okay, the official PDF will come out in a second, I'll see if it's available, then I 'll also add it. We are available, we are the Government of Madhya Pradesh, okay, we have to see part five. Will you get any PDF in it? If you get it, then it will be from the Government of India.

5:18 Be it official or unofficial, I am saying that because when I will teach any article , if you do not know that answer powers means auxiliary powers, as if I forgot to tell, then athlete has that open in front of you, not this. Sir, please speak in Hindi. Sir, why don't you speak in Hindi and I will not keep looking at the comments, so that lecture will go smoothly for you, so I would highly request that here you will understand all the things, there is no problem, everything is very fun. But for Hindi medium students, I am just saying that you will keep it open, so if you have any problem in understanding the meaning of any term, then you will keep reading that article with me, okay. Let's talk about the first chapter, Union Executive, who comes in it, which we are going to read now, second chapter, second

6:05 chapter, this and from which article it is, chapter one, this is your article number from 52 to 52 till where. This goes to your 78th article from 52 to 78, the chapter two which talks about the Parliament i.e. the Parliament of the country, this goes from article number 79 to 122, chapter three which talks about that ordinance is only one. There is an article in it which talks about ordinance, Article 123, Chapter Four which talks about the Supreme Court of the country, which goes between Articles 124 to 147 and Chapter Five of Part Five of the Constitution which talks about the Comptroller and Auditor General. That is CAG talks from 148

6:51 to 151. You can see that five parts are included in the Constitution of India. It is clear that there are 25 parts. There are 22 parts in the Constitution of India. Out of that, we are starting from the fifth part. what is most important And that is why I am starting from here because there are a lot of questions coming from this and even more questions have come in the recent times, so pick up CHSL, any CPO JE selection post and especially part five and part six. There are more questions from Part Six than from Part Five, but you know that in Part Five, if we set 80 off time or 90 off time, then in Part Six we will set only 10 off time, whereas this will generate a lot of questions. If you

7:38 have come more than that then why is it so because if you understand this then there is no need to do anything in this, it just takes 5 minutes, it will not take more than 5 minutes, okay, it will take only that much time but for that you will have to do this. You have to understand and this is a game of understanding, which is part five, so it is okay to relax comfortably, you have to tie the seat belt, relax, whatever you have to do, but it is okay to understand it, so who all comes in the union executive, then we come first in it. The President i.e. the President of the country, after that the Vice President, after that the Prime Minister plus the Council of Ministers i.e. the PM plus the Council of Ministers i.e. the Prime Minister and his Council of Ministers. The Prime Minister is also a part of a Council of Ministers, there is no separate one, those duties come after this. We have Attorney General, Attorney General, so many people

8:28 come in Union Executive, so where are we going to start, we are going to start from the President, it is our President, Vice President, all these come in part five, President, Vice President is okay, that means they will come. These will come to you in Chapter One. These will also come in Chapter One. These will also come in Chapter One. Who is the PM plus his Council of Ministers? Okay, this is our chapter number two of chapter number two of part five which talks about the Parliament. This is Chapter Four, Ordinance in Chapter Three and CAG in Chapter Five. First of all we will start with the President. It is okay that the President is the first part of the Union Executive. Now, before reading the articles about the President, a little bit before reading the articles about the President, sometimes this also raises questions. Who was the longest serving President

9:13 or which President died during his tenure? So first of all, this order will keep in mind that the longest serving President was our Dr. Rajendra Prasad ji, the longest serving for the longest period. On 26 January 1950, the day our Constitution was enforced, our Rajendra Prasad also became the President of India and for how long he remained, in the 13th year of 1962, he had served two terms. Total, he had served two terms. As you can see here, after that Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Zakir Hussain, once you look at who came after whom, if any kind of question is raised, then the rest of the questions will be raised, one is made from Gyani Jayal Singh, one is made from Zakir Hussain ji, it is fine. And one is made from your Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, what is that question made

10:02 which I will tell only there when I will take that thing and I will teach you that thing, then it is okay, for now, this much is okay, our present time Draupadi Murmu ji is in 15th Now he is the President of the country. Okay, let's move ahead. Know what should be the President of India. Where will the question be formed from article to article 52 to 62. It is given about him. Okay, you can see it here on your screen. This article has been repeated twice, so we will remove it from here. Now these are the articles. Concentrate completely in understanding the articles. Now I will tell you the trick, with that you will remember everything. 52 says there will be a President of India means there should be a President of India, this thing should always be kept in mind. Many of you will also know that whenever I say that from here to here,

10:51 this thing has been given about this thing, then the first article is about that. When we talk about the establishment of office, when we say 124 to 147 Supreme Court is given, then it means 124 will say there shall be a Supreme Court of India. Article 214 to 231 is given about High Courts, so 24 is the first one. What will it say, there shall be a High Court in each State of India, meaning the first article talks about the establishment of that office, the second i.e. Article 53 Executive Power of the Union, that is, the executive power of the Union rests in the President, otherwise this thing will be written . And keep in mind that the President is the Supreme Commander, he is the Supreme Commander of all the defense forces,

11:36 which includes our Army, Navy and Air Force, rightly the one who is our CISF, CRPF. ITB PSF CPF comes under the Ministry of Home Affairs. Okay, so the Supreme Commander of All Defense Forces will come from here. Things need to be understood a little. 54 talks about elections. Don't go beyond that now that how will we remember, it is my job to make you remember. Understand that the first section of election talks about the election of the President and the next one talks about his election process. How will the election be conducted? So first I will tell you how the election is conducted. So the election conducted in this is indirect. Indirect election is done in different ways, like I will tell you now, Lok Sabha elections were held in the Lok Sabha, so in the 18th Lok Sabha, we people had cast our votes, so where people go and vote directly, we call it direct

12:25 election, direct election where people cast their votes. Do not vote, people elected by them vote, then it is called indirect election. It is called indirect election. We see who takes part, but before that, by which system, i.e. by which method, it is proportional representation. Proportional Representation Plus No. Single Transferable Vote Single Transferable Vote Okay, now if you understand a little bit about how this indirect election is done, then here you can see boxes are kept, who are voting in this, are people voting in this, no votes in this Like Manmohan Singh, Member of Rajya Sabha, Modi ji is voting, Member of Lok Sabha, similarly our A Sonia Gandhi ji is also a Member of Parliament, so do only Members of Parliament vote because here

13:13 you can see all the three pics. Here we are only members of the Parliament, it is not that elections take place, who takes part in it, elected, first of all, elected people will take part, nominated people will not take part, Sir, who is nominated, we will tell you now. When you come to Rajya Sabha, you will understand who are these nominees, so elected MPs plus MLS i.e. elected MPs are MPs and MLAs call them, then elected MPs and MLAs, MLAs also take part in their elections. Let's say you have never asked about this thing but if you ask what I am going to tell you that in this there will be 50 electors as proposers and 50 people

13:59 as second proposers and second as 50-50 people. Don't understand this in much depth if If he asks then he will ask the number 50, you have remembered it, now it is okay, let's move ahead. The meaning of term of office proposer is that 50 people said that yes, among those who are going to elect you, 50 people said that we want this President. The contenders for the post are not like that, as if you feel like we should also contest the Presidential elections, something should happen, then when you will find 50 MPs and 50 MLAs saying that yes, we want Bhai Jo Hai to contest the Presidential elections. So you can fight, the term is given in 56, how much is the term, their term is 5 years, eligibility for re-election, no eligibility required for re-election, no

14:48 eligibility means that any number of times, anyone can become the President of India. There are any number of times unlike in USA where anyone can become the President for two times because there is Presidential form of government. We have parliamentary form of government. Now we will read the qualifications for India. A qualification for election as President i.e. the qualifications are given. That is, the qualifications in Article 58 i.e. or eligibility, so what is the qualification? Firstly, you must be a citizen of India. For any of our constitutional positions, it is mandatory to be a citizen of India. Your age should be 35 years . Your age is ok, it is 35.

15:35 You should be 10 years old only then you can contest the election of the President of the country and at the same time you should be qualified to be appointed as a member of Lok Sabha i.e. a member of Lok Sabha should be eligible to be elected i.e. Your qualifications should be such that you can become a member of the Lok Sabha, you have to be the President, but without giving all the qualifications, the Constitution makers just added a line that you should be eligible to be elected as a member of the Lok Sabha. 59 Conditions of President's Office It talks about i.e. what are the conditions of the presidency, what are the conditions, the conditions are that you are, the conditions are

16:21 that you are not a member of the Parliament, you are not a member of the Legislative Assembly or the Legislative Council, if so, then the President from sitting position If you resign first, you will be killed a lot. What is 60? What is Oath and Affirmation by the President? Who administers the oath? Who administers the oath? It is not just that the oath is taken by speaking, it is an oath. No, CJI is the Chief Justice of India. He is the Chief Justice of India. He administers the oath , okay and now we come to article number 61, which is our last article that talks about impeachment. It is called impeachment in Hindi. It is the process of removing the President. Its removal procedure is called impeachment. You can tell in the comment which country's constitution it has been written

17:08 in, then now I will tell you that Article 61 talks about impeachment, now it can be removed, there is only one ground on one ground for its removal and that is violation. Off the Constitution, which is not defined anywhere in the Constitution, if anyone ever asks such a question, this thing is defined in the Constitution and you do not know whether it is defined or not because it is such a big Constitution, then go with that. No, it will be defined. If you want to take a punt, then you should take it. It is fine because most of the things are not defined in our Constitution, like the office, it is for the President that he should not hold any office of profit or office of profit. If it has it, then that too is not defined anywhere, then it is a violation of the Constitution. Its ground is correct. We have taken the impeachment from the USA and even the post of President, the Office of

17:57 the President, we have also taken it from the Constitution of the USA. What is the procedure of impeachment, how is its removal done, then the procedure is that the resolution for its removal can come either in Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha, anywhere and wherever it comes, it will be taken by the people of that place. 1/4 members will have to sign it, due signature will have to be given and once signed, if this is done then it is ok within 14 days, you will have to give a notice to whom will have to send a notice to the President that this is what is against you now. The process of removal has started here, so tighten your belts, relax, it is good, now if it is passed here by 1st, then it will not go to Rajya Sabha now, now it

18:46 was signed by 1/4 people because its Whose gravity can be understood, that people are serious about removing it? It is not like accepting that Rahul Gandhi has refused to remove Draupadi Murmu, so brother, take this resolution and let's start the process of removing it, then the time of the House is wasted. No, to check the seriousness, if signatures are made before 1/4, if 1/4 have signed then it is called Special Majority. Special Majority means 2/3. First of all, there are many types of this Special Majority. Here But the special majority that works is the majority of the House plus two thirds present and voting. Majority means majority means by two, like there are 543 members in Lok Sabha, by two, okay, so many people, either or

19:38 2 By Third Members Present and Voting Whichever number comes out of the two, it has to be passed by that many people or in simple terms we call it special majority. If it is passed from here, will it go to Rajya Sabha ? A 14/4 member will not sign, there only you will get passed by special majority. The seriousness check has been done and if passed then nothing is left now. The President will have to step down. Till date no one has impeached us against any President. No one has been impeached, no one has been removed, till today our President is clear to everyone, now we can see the trick of how to remember and the President, our end is fine, so the trick is this, what is love, let

20:25 's write ahead because. Here again that little problem will come Nana here because the written things are fine Prem tracking pe challana hai Tree R se term tracking pe challana hai Tracking pe challana hai Track king tracking pe k Tracking pe challana hai So come on time come Okay, C O come in, impeachment come in time and article 62, what does time mean, time of holding election to fill the vacancy, that is, if we assume that there is a vacancy for the President, assume that the President is impeached. It has been done, he

21:11 has given his resignation or to whom he gives his resignation, can you please tell me? Okay, so we have taken the post of President of India from USA itself. Keep in mind, it is okay, so he gives his resignation to the Vice President, who again we have taken from USA only. If we take that office also , then it is ours, if we assume that it has been impeached, resignation has been given, death etc. If something like this happens, then that vacancy will be created, then in how much time should elections be held to fill that vacancy, at least as soon as possible and if it is natural, their term is coming to an end, like our Draupadi Murmu ji is completing 5 years. What is that position? Before that comes, that position will be filled, so that that position should not remain vacant because it is the highest position in India, so it is very clear till now, if everyone has any doubt, then talk, otherwise we will move ahead. Let's proceed, now

21:57 we will see the next topic and that is the Vice President of India, yes, so I will write here or otherwise, now I will write further here that the President will give to the Vice President and the Vice President will give his to the President, okay And if yes then it is natural if it is being completed then within six months you have to complete it, it is absolutely fine, let's move ahead, now we are going to see here about the Vice President of India, Sir, what is quota, quota is not from you. The quota that asks is the total number of votes cast by you, divided by Psv and again plus one, but that quota does not ask you, that is why it is not mentioned here, okay, then what does it mean if I

22:42 reverse everything here, okay? As it is important from the SIM perspective, it should be the right PDF, you will get the telegram channel of Parmar SSC, it is fine and the one who is commenting like this, don't understand who he is, I am blocking him directly, it is fine or else time out. Block for 24 hours that the marriage has happened, this has happened, whatever you keep doing, it seems fine till he doesn't come, be careful not to comment in between, otherwise you will be blocked directly. If yes, then you can do that, then let's talk about the Vice President of India. Who is the Vice President of the country? Right now it is Jagdeep Dhankar ji. Now this is the list of our former Vice Presidents. First of all, who is our doctor Sarvepalli

23:27 Radha K ji. One more thing, now you will read all the things, do not think that you have not read the ordinance, you have not read the pardon power of the President, when the article comes, you will see there, okay, then Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan ji, who was our first Bharat Ratna, was also given to him, so he is the longest serving Vice President. He was also the President, that is, the first President of our country and the first Vice President, both of them were the longest serving Zakir Hussain. Now notice one thing, he was the second President of the country, he was the third President of the country or he was the fourth President of the country. Otherwise this can be easily remembered so let's go right ahead and next this is our I think who is currently number 14 if you look at tooth 4 okay 8 f 12 13 14 exactly our vice president

24:16 of number 14 Who was the first Governor of West Bengal, Jagdeep Dhankar ji, let's go ahead, about him is given between article number 63 to 71, so let's talk about article number 63, it talks about The Office of Pahala, that is what I told you about. Told that the first article will talk about the establishment of that office. 64 The Vice President shall be the official Chairman of the Council of State, that is, whoever becomes the Vice President of the country will automatically become the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. He says this because the Council of State It means Rajya Sabha, you know that, it is ok, article number, just yesterday I was watching a video, ok, let's leave it, it means Jagdeep Dhankar ji was administering oath to Jai Bachchan, rest of the picture is self-explanatory,

25:06 article 65, madam ji was saying. Where to sign means those who are on the side who get the signing done then Jagdish Nak ji said madam, you are doing this for the fifth time, it seems madam ji has been worried since then Article 65 The Vice President to Act S President and discharge his function during casual vacancies in the office and during the absence of the President i.e. the Vice President will act as the President and will perform whatever duties are assigned to the President if the President is currently absent or vacant. It is fine in both the cases but note. What do you have to say about this, if I clarify here that if we assume that this will not work now, listen carefully, if

25:56 we assume that both the President and the Vice President are no longer there, it is okay if the President is also not there. Yes, it is okay, there is no President and there is no Vice President, what is meant by no, it has two meanings, either the office is vacant or absent, so if it is vacant, if it is vacant, then what will happen in that case, see if the President is not there. So the Vice President will come and if there is no Vice President then who will come then your CJI Chief Justice of India will come so the question is whether he will come ever. Chief Justice of India Who is the Chief Justice of India? Has he become the Vice President of the country? Acting Vice President that is the acting President. Yes, what happened was that Zakir Hussain ji had died. When Zakir Hussain ji was the President, he

26:42 had died. VV Giri was the Vice President at that time, so if he was the Vice President, then he should have been made the President by law, but he started taking part in the election of the President, hence not him, but at that time Justice M Hidayatullah was there and Justice M Hidayatullah was made whatever he is. Was the acting President President for some time? 66 Vice President shall be elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of members. Now what is the electoral college? What is the meaning of electoral college? So what I just told you, brother? Who participates in the election of the President? This is called the Electoral College . Okay, this is called the Electoral College. Okay, now I did not tell you one thing here, that is, who participates in his impeachment? Who participates in his impeachment

27:28 ? Takes part and that is All MPs that is all Members of Parliament. All means that elected and nominated also take part in it and second thing MPs means only Members of Parliament i.e. members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. That is, the MLA people who participate in its election do not participate in its removal, so this is the difference between its elected election and removal, that only the elected people take part in the election, not the nominated ones. Firstly, secondly, the MLA people take part which is They do not take part in the impeachment, MLAs do not take part in the impeachment and the nominated ones take part, this is the difference, okay, it is very easy, which will be the electoral college of the Vice President or which will be his electoral college, this can also be done in an indirect way. He is also elected

28:18 as the Vice President by indirect election, so who is included in his Electoral College, who is included in the impeachment of the President, who is included in the impeachment of the President, all the MPs, all the Members of Parliament, i.e. all the MPs are elected as the Vice President. Take part in the removal of the Vice President Shall hold office for a term or of five years Provisions related to the term and vacancy of the Vice President Who is giving him the oath Who is giving the oath to the President of the country That is the President Who was giving the oath to the President That is the CJI That is Chief of the country Sorry Yes, the same Chief Justice who is in the Supreme Court Discharge of President Function in any contingent i.e. if something happens, he will perform his functions Who is the Vice President Last 71 That Talks About Matters and Disputes Relating to and

29:09 Connected with the Election of President and Vice President i.e. if any matter arises due to their election, who will decide who becomes the President or Vice President, the Supreme Court of India will look at it. Ok, the Supreme Court will look at the dispute of their election , the Supreme Court will look at the dispute of both of them, this is the end of the matter. There is no need, just see that 63, 64 are important and 67 which talks about its term is just fine. Not many questions come from the Vice President. You will understand the ones that come. There are two articles in the Constitution, one is Article 64. Now let's look at one more thing which talks about the Vice President being the ex-officio chairperson of Rajya Sabha, that article number 89. Now let's look at article 72. What does it talk about on article 72? Power of the President to grant pardon, extra to suspend remit.

29:56 And in certain cases like suppose someone has been given death sentence or he has been given a life imprisonment, then in that case he has been given an option that he can go to the President, then that is the power off. President to Grant Pardon Now what is this Suspend Remit Commuter, by the way if you want to know then know it otherwise there is no need to remember it too much, okay there are five things in it, Pardon is, Commuter is Mission, okay this is respect for everyone. Don't want to understand, if the meaning doesn't seem heavy then you can understand, but since it is not that important, I will not advise everyone. Pardon means to absolve completely

30:44 whatever charges are against you, if there is a death sentence. You will be made worse . Commuter is by changing the form of punishment. You got death sentence and give it life sentence. The same thing happens in this too. Commuter. What is there in it? The form of punishment which is your commuter is not changed by changing it. The extent will be reduced, like suppose you have been given life imprisonment, then you may be sent to jail for 5 years, this is the same thing like remission, but in this, that thing has been done considering your health condition, like You are a lady pregnant or some old age has come, like this and the prime is to put a temporary hole, this is right Article 72 Similarly, the Governor has also got pardoning power, now we will see which article is it and how right 73 Extent of Executive Power Of the

31:29 Union i.e. to what extent the executive powers of the Union extend, it is written in Article 73 as simple as that, now from here we are going to start one important thing, one important section and that is PM and Council of Ministers. I repeat again, what I told you, the first chapter in Part Five talks about the Union Executive, who comes in the Union Executive, the President, the Vice President, who have seen both, and who comes the PM, Council of Ministers and the Attorney General. They will just look at Article 74 to 78. Article 74 says there shall be a Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President, that is, India should have a Council of Ministers, there shall be a Council of

32:16 Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President. Advise President i.e. there should be a Council of Ministers whose chairman will be the Prime Minister and whom he will advise. It is okay for the President, that is why we call the Prime Minister as Head of Government, what is called Head of Government, what is called Head of Government, this and the one who is President. We call him the Head of the Country, we call him the President of the Nation, we call him the Head of the Country, we call him simple, but a little complicated, and we call him the De Jure Head of the Country, we call him the President. We call him nominal, that is, he is the nominal head, so he

33:03 has the real powers. What do we call the nominal head and the Prime Minister? What is the real head? Real head of the country is also called nominal or titular head. You have to keep this thing in mind because because The Council of Ministers is in the hands of Priyam, he is its head, hence he has actual real powers and not the President, so what is it created for? To advise the President, is this advice binding on the press ? Yes, there will be no binding on the first instance but it will be on the second instance. This means that if the Council of Ministers gives any advice to the President, he can return it once but the reconsideration advice sent again by the Council of Ministers will be accepted. Earlier, the 42nd Amendment had said that it

33:49 is binding and the President cannot withdraw it completely even once, but then our 44th Amendment said that this happened in 1976 and this happened in 1978. It is also called Mini Constitution. It is okay. So he had said that yes, he can return it once but then the reconsidered advice will be binding. 75 It is a slightly bigger article, pay attention, you will understand that it talks about other provisions as to the minister, what provisions are given in it. Understand that the Prime Minister shall be appointed by the The President and the other ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. This means that the Prime Minister will be appointed by the President and the remaining ministers will also be appointed by the President. It simply talks about appointment on the advice of the Prime Minister. Right, ministers shall hold office during the pleasure of the President, that is, here individual

34:36 responsibility has been given to the ministers that as long as they keep giving pleasure to the President, they will remain in office. Now what kind of pleasure, this is not written in the Constitution. Pay pleasure pleasure: You will get to see pleasure there. You will get pleasure to see in the Governor. You will also get pleasure to see in the Attorney General. This can be seen only there. The removal procedure of the position is not mentioned in the Constitution as to how it will be removed, then write pleasure there. The pleasure of the President has been given, it exactly talks about collective responsibility that the Council of Ministers have collective responsibility towards the House of People which is towards the Lok Sabha i.e. these people are collectively responsible towards the Lower House. Before a minister

35:24 enters upon his office, he has to take an oath, the oath will be administered by the President, the oath will be administered by the President, okay, President and this is the third oath, you must have seen it just now, right now, when our new Lok Sabha was formed, in the evening and at night. Everyone was taking the oath, everyone was the President. Where were their oaths etc. written in the Third Schedule, the Third Schedule Schedule will also be seen now A Minister who for any period of six consecutive months is not a member of the other House of Parliament shall at the expense of that pud ceases to be A minister means if you are a minister for six months but you are not a member of any house, then your ministership will be lost. This means one more thing. What is that meaning? That means anyone can become a minister in India without Lok Sabha. And without

36:12 being a Rajya Sabha minister, he can become a minister at the Centre, but within six months you will have to take membership, it is written and the salary and allowances, how much allowance will they get, these people themselves decide, Parliament decides which. It is written in the second schedule that this is not to be memorized now, the third and second one has to be memorized but now when you read the schedule, it will be memorized there, okay this article is 75, 76 what does the Attorney General talk about, for now I will end at 78 which is If it is done now , then you tell me, if there is any doubt, then it talks about the Attorney General, what is the Attorney General, what is this, sir, this is our highest law officer of the country, all the highest law officers of India, the highest law officer of the country,

36:58 the central government of the government. It is a lawyer of the Central Government. Understand it in simple terms. It has four sub-clauses which were recently asked in the exam. The first one talks about who makes its appointment and who makes its appointment. It is done by the President and its eligibility is also written here. What is the eligibility of a Supreme Court judge? His eligibility should be as much as his qualification. His duties are written. Duties of the Attorney General. What is his duty to advise the government on legal matters? It shall be the duty of the Attorney General to advise the Government on legal matters. It is the third party who speaks. He shall have

37:45 the right to audience in all courts. He can go to any court in India and can represent the Government of India. India has no restrictions and the fourth one is again the pleasure of the President, that is, he will hold the post as long as he pleases the President. As long as he keeps giving this pleasure to the President, he will remain in office. Who was the first Attorney General of the country, who was the first law of our country? The commission was formed by Independent India, whose chairman was the same McClay. Law was the first chairman of the Law Commission and we read a question. Okay, yesterday the students were sending, Sir, this question was asked for Rs 50 lakh. Yesterday in KBC, it was this. The first census that was conducted was of a city which was conducted by Henry Walter. Which city was it? We have read it many times.

38:32 Yesterday a question was asked for Rs 50 Lakhs. Okay, so the first one here is MC Shetal Vaat and who is currently present? Presently, R Venkat Ramani is R Venkat Ramani. This has to be kept in mind and some Attorney Generals, now keep this in mind, only in such states there is an Advocate General. In those states, there is an Advocate General. Sir, what is his article? Now all. You will remember it. Well, let me tell you right now what is 165 and how to calculate it by adding 89. Now I will tell you the trick of 89. I have just told you about part five. Go on understanding part five and use all your energy to blow through part six. You will remember that within five minutes it is in only 165 articles that this state is being talked about

39:17 like the highest law officer of the country will become the Attorney General and the Advocate General will become the highest law officer of the state, this is the highest law office of the state. This much is clear and Attorney. They assist the General and assist him in his work. Solicitor General assists him in his work but this is not a constitutional position, it means that it is not written about him anywhere in the Constitution. OK END 77 77 Just remember business, this is the key. Word Conduct of Business of Government of India i.e. whatever business is done by the Government of India, it will be done in the name of the President. Article number 53 and 77 seem a bit similar and it was also there that

40:06 the Executive Power of the Union is that of the Union. The executive power is in the hands of the President and here whatever business is done in the name of the President, in whose name the document will be carried and whose signature will be there , is the President of India because he is the head of There is a state, so say Head of State, Head of Country, now don't understand the meaning of state, UPMP, now I will tell you what is the meaning of state, okay, so for now, remember Head of Nation or Head of Country, you 78 where we end. Happens Chapter One Of Part Five And That's Duties Of PM with respect to furnishing information to President, nothing, remember this figure, you will remember the entire article, PM is his council of ministers of which he is the head and here is the President i.e. Prime Minister is doing as a linkage between these two. In between and that is why Prime Minister Nehru

40:54 had said, what Nehru ji had said that the Prime Minister who is the PM is a lynch pin of the government, lynch pin means it works to connect both, okay it works as a linkage. That is, on anything on which a decision has been taken by a Council of Ministers and the rest of the Council of Ministers do not know about it. If the other Councils of Ministers do not know about it, then they will have to tell you. Whose duty is it to the President? This is one of the Prime Minister. And this is what you are seeing in the article here, clause one of page 75, it has two sub clauses 1a and 2b. 1a says that how many maximum Council of Ministers can there be, so is there any limit on the maximum Council of Ministers, yes there is a limit. And that is the 15th off Lower House which

41:45 is the Lok Sabha in the Parliament, similarly in the case of a state, the 15th off Legislative Assembly is done, so the number of people in the Lok Sabha is 543, take it out at 15th and no more ministers should be made than that. And what is written in One B? It is written in One B that if someone is disqualified on the ground of defection, then he cannot even become a minister, that ministership will also be lost to him and that too if the defect is known. If not ok, then we will read further brother, don't consider it as defined, defined is something else, ok, this defecation is written here, don't say defecation, I have seen many people say defecation, its definition is different brother, okay so 77 This

42:31 is conduct of business, 78 done. Now let's come to the Parliament of India, that is Chapter Two, okay, what is this, Chapter Two of Part Five, okay, from where to where, article number, article number 79 to 122, now till here, someone If you have any doubt, please ask once. If anyone has any doubt, let us move ahead now and quickly tell us again about the Parliament. Please also tell the quorum about the Parliament. Okay, wait, be patient. Let Article 100 come. Please also tell us the quorum when Article 100 comes. When this lecture is over and you feel that something has been left out, please let me know. Ok, you are most welcome. Now, if you have any

43:18 doubts or queries, please tell them. Tell me the veto power. Sharma ji, hey brother, let article number 10 come. Two will tell 111, veto, tell me, do the class like this, you guys, one by one, whatever topic someone asks, they study the same and then just leave, why sir, tell my friend Vishakha to unblock me, is this some domestic program going on here? So let's come now, what is this, this is the pyramid of Egypt, okay, so why have I made this pyramid, what do I want to tell you , here comes the Lok Sabha at the very bottom, here comes the Rajya Sabha, okay and here comes

44:06 the President, this is This is the composition of the Parliament. This is the composition of the Parliament of the country. This is the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha and the President. The President is an integral part of the Parliament region because no bill can become an act without the assent of the President. No bill can be passed without the consent of the President. That is why It is also considered an integral part of the Parliament. Parliamentary form of government runs in India. Parliamentary form of government runs in India. Parliamentary form of government means where there are two houses and one head. We have adopted this system from the Constitution of Britain. Do it or adopt it from Britain. Britain also has a Parliamentary form of government and actually they had been developing a similar system slowly and gradually in our country, so we

44:55 had got knowledge about it, so for us. If it was easy, we adopted the Parliament form of government from Britain, which we also call Westminster Model, West Minister Model of Government because it is the Parliament of the British and is located at a place called West Minister. Now let us come to the Rajya Sabha. So this is the first one, I have drawn this article number 79 Article 79 which talks about the composition of its Parliament 80 Article 80 which talks about the Rajya Sabha and just tell us on which theme our new Rajya Sabha building is. Now let's talk about Rajya Sabha. We know it by the name of Council of States.

45:40 Why do we call it Council of States because here people have indirect control over it? Elections take place, whoever sits here in the Rajya Sabha is indirectly elected. How come all the MLAs and MLAs we have sent, like us, accept that Yogi ji is an MLA, now we can't call Akhilesh Yadav an MP, he has become an MP. Okay, so all the MLAs in any state, what do they do, they are sent from there, some members are sent to Rajya Sabha, where there are more MLAs, more people come to Rajya Sabha, like in UP. If we talk, then 31 people are sitting in the Rajya Sabha,

46:27 take Tripura from UP, take Sikkim, only one person has gone from here, only one person each, so how unequal is their representation in the US, what does it mean, the upper house is the House of Senate. Equal representation is given there, two seats will come from each place, it is unequal here, indirect election is done indirectly like the election of the President is done in the same way, proportional representation i.e. proportional representation plus single transferable vote i.e. single transition. Do you understand this much? We know it as Permanent House. Why we know it as Permanent House is because it is disbanding

47:28 every two years and keeps retiring every two years, hence the term of its members. The term of the members is 6 years, but Rajya Sabha itself does not have such a term, it is a permanent house, sometimes it is also fondly called the Elders House because in this we will see the minimum. Qualification etc. are a little more due to age, that too, I will tell you okay, when was its first meeting, so the first meeting or sitting was on 13th May 1952 and this is our Lotus theme under the central theme. Vista Project Clear Now let's come to the Lok Sabha on what theme is it made, please tell me, Green is Green, Lok Sabha is this, article number 81,

48:16 Article 81, right, we call Lok Sabha as the House of People, because people directly elected here, that is, here. But direct election is done . Understand the method by which direct election is done. We call this method first past the post . You must be seeing here, I think it is okay. First past the post, first past the post system. This system is first past the post. The Post System, where have we taken it from, we have taken it from Britain, this is also not visible, only white will be visible, it is okay, where have we taken this, from the Constitution of Britain, first pass the post system, that if you vote by one vote You have also won. Lakhs of votes have been cast. If

49:05 you win by even one vote than your opponent then you will win and the opponent will be defeated. It is not that brother, make him sit too, ask a little more from him because friend, so many 10 lakh votes have been cast. And only one vote more than you has got only one vote more whereas there were 10 lakh votes. Just ask the one who is second, give him a little too. Winner takes all. First pass the post. Whoever passes the post first. He will do it, he will win, this system is taken from Britain, Lok Sabha is a direct election, it is called House of People, its first sitting was held on 23rd in 1952, but if you ask when the Constitution was made, first of all, then it is 17th April 1952. He will ask you that when was the Constitution first and it may not be given in the option,

49:52 then it will definitely be there in the option, so you will hit this and nothing else is there, okay, and the member has told that if we talk about Lok Sabha, then what is Lok Sabha? The term is of 5 years, maximum of five years unless an early dissolution of the Lok Sabha is done, so if he is removed, no confidence motion is passed, let's see what happens, if the government will fall, then in less than 5 years. Governments can also fall within, which has also fallen, Governments have also fallen in 13 days , Governments have also fallen in 13 months, 5 years is the maximum, can it be extended also, can it be extended, tell me if it can be extended, then the term is five years. Whether it is the term of the member

50:38 or the term of Lok Sabha, here the term of the member is 6 years but there is no term in Rajya Sabha because it is a permanent house, one third members retire after every years, it is fine and the composition is also given in it that how many people where. How will they come from? What will they come from? If we talk about the composition of the Rajya Sabha, then there can be a maximum of 250 members. There can be a maximum of 250 members in which 238 238 members will be elected, they will be elected and the 12 members will be nominated, that is, who will be nominated now? Will nominate nominated by The President must be seeing them here, if they are not nominated by the President, then they will be nominated by the President. And in which field

51:27 are they nominated, then it is okay in Lisas, Literature, Science, Art and Social Service, Social Service, Lisas, it is called Literature, Science, Art and Social service is fine. President nominates 12 members in the field of literature, science, art and social service. How many memberships are there at present? Presently there are two 45 people in Rajya Sabha. 245 Rajya Sabha. What is the condition of Lok Sabha? So we will talk about the condition of Lok Sabha. So there can be a maximum of 550 members in the Lok Sabha , 550 of which 530 will come from the states and 20 people will come from the UT i.e.

52:15 from the Union Territory. It is clear that even here there is no nominated member, no one is nominated, earlier there were The President used to nominate two members, Anglo Indians, but one 04 104 number has been abolished by the Constitution Amendment, so these are the nominated members. Tell me your comment. Will these 12 nominated members take part in the Presidential election? Yes or No, as they just came. Who is Sudha Murthy ji? She has been nominated. She is in the field of social service, hence she cannot take part in the election of the President but can be taken part in the impeachment to remove her. Article No. 82 What is this talking about? Article No. No problem, article number 82 talks about whom does it talk about? Wait, wait,

53:07 wait, article 82 is fine, it is article number 82, it is fine, let's write a little bigger, article 82, what is this, it is called Delimitation Commission in Hindi, Delimitation Commission. It is the work of the Delimitation Commission to divide our country of India into different constituencies so that the representatives who come out and represent equal number of people are right, so to maintain that pari. A Delimitation Commission would have been constituted, which has been done four times till date. Delimitation Commission, which divides India into boundaries, on what basis, so that is what we say, brother, with this concrete intention, Manoj Tiwari should be elected from North

53:54 East Delhi. Okay, and if he has been selected from Dwarka, then what is the consensus? Who decides how many places, this is the work of the Delimitation Commission, this was made in 1952, this was made in 1962, this was made in 1972 and Every census is made in 2002, whenever every census is made, it is made after that, it happened in 2011 also, why was it not made in 2012, because keep in mind that the 84th amendment, which was 84, has frozen the constitutional amendment. Why till 2026 because the southern states were saying that by suppressing UP and Bihar, their population is increasing and by suppressing it, their representation is increasing. We are being left behind in the Parliament. Why are we being left behind because we are

54:41 reducing the population? Yes, we are doing good work, on top of that we are getting a kind of punishment, we are being given less representation, that is why it has been frozen till 2026 and on what basis and according to which census, the current delimitation is done. It works for the 2001 census and this is the thing that the 27th Amendment had said that the delimitation will be done according to the 2001 census and not 1991. This delimitation commission is not the latest one, it is the latest one but this is the delimitation of Kashmir. Whatever elections are going to be held in Jammu and Kashmir after some time, the Delimitation Commission was formed for that. It talks about the duration of 82 83, which we have already discussed, so we will not discuss it here, 5 years and 6 years which are now. We have discussed that the qualification for membership for Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha is that one

55:28 should be a citizen of India, I will not repeat that, you know about the age, look at the age, the age should be 25 years here and in Rajya Sabha, the same should be a citizen of India and all the age here. After 30 years, that's why they are called House of Elders. It is the house of elders. Sessions of Parliament Prorogation and Dissolution. After 84, there are 85 sessions. Prorogation and Dissolution. How many sessions are there? So , which are the three sessions of our Parliament? Okay, first of all, when does the budget session start? It starts at your same time of February and continues till the last of April or till the first week of May. The second is the monsoon session which starts in July. It ends in September and your winter session

56:17 i.e. winter session is right which is the shortest of all, this is the longest, this is the shortest, this is winter, winter continues in November December, now. This can be maximum i.e. it cannot be more than this, it can be less than this, yes, minimum two sessions have to be called, minimum two sessions have to be called, that is, the gap between two sessions is not more than 6 months. It is possible that there cannot be a gap of more than six months. There cannot be a gap more than this. Who calls, calls but does not want to go, but has to go, it is here who calls, i.e. who summons, who summons the President, who prorogues the President. Prorogue

57:04 means to prorogue, to end the session, this is what the President does, what does it mean, this is what happens, now there is one more thing, which I will tell you in the hand here and that is adjournment, adjournment, this is Adjournment and adjournment of the House. Adjournment means that today's sitting has been adjourned. Today people have come and why was the sitting adjourned. Now also see why it is adjourned. There are different reasons. If there is, then it is finished, said the Presiding Officer, Presiding Officer, like us, when Dhankad ji or Om Berla ji said that you guys go now, let's meet tomorrow because today not many people have come, okay then like this or else. You people are making a lot of noise, so go from here today, let's meet tomorrow, then the day after tomorrow,

57:51 let's meet after three days, whenever there is an agreement, okay now if our Prisa Edging Officer Presiding Officer feels that the work is over. The entire work of this session is over, now it's time to leave, let's send them away too, now let's meet in the next session, then the press conference officer knows what he will do, he will dye the agenda, he will not tell when to meet, it means the President. He understands that now is the time to end the session. The Presiding Officer has given the signal, so what does he do? The President prorogues, dissolves the session, not the session, but blows up the House. The sitting is going on here. But the session is going on prorogation, one session, let's say the budget has flown, the monsoon

58:38 has flown, then the winter has flown, in one of the dissolutions, the house itself has been blown up. Which house can be dissolved? We had just read that only Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are permanent houses. The President also does this adjournment. These are the presiding officers. Who are the presiding officers of the house? If you don't know the presiding officer, then you will know now. His articles are also going to come. Okay, so this is what the presiding officer does, just keep understanding. Understand this part five, this is the biggest burden of the people. The burden is easy to ease, only a little more is left. Okay, Right of the President to address and send message to the House. The President can send some messages which the President has not sent till date. Since independence till today, this article has not been used by the President. It is okay to keep in mind that the President can address. There are 87 special addresses. These are some special addresses. When is this done?

59:27 It is done on two occasions, one So, after the general elections which were held just now, you know, after the general elections for the Lok Sabha, the first session which will be held after that and the first session of every financial year, every year, every year, will be the first session of every year, first session of every year, like Suppose the first session of this year is the budget session or if after 5 years our general elections are held, then in the first session of the new Lok Sabha that will be formed, we will have a special address, this is called Motion of Thanks. You must have seen how the speech was held in the Parliament, when these people met after the elections, the BJP people were saying in the end,

1:00:15 after saying everything, that I support the special address of the President or I oppose the opposition. If there were people, then the Motion of Thanks has to be passed, otherwise the government has a chance of falling, which means that the government has the majority. Do you understand the majority? Like why did Modi ji take the support of Nitish and Nadu ji now because the majority is there. It was necessary that if he steps back or if some voting takes place like this and if those people do not vote in favour, then it means that the opposition will understand that something is going wrong. Let's pass it, so please make a no-confidence motion against them. So that will happen, the government will fall, it is okay for them, this is what happens 88 Rights of Ministers and Attorney General What rights do ministers and Attorney General have, about whom did you read

1:01:00 Highest Law Officer of the Country, this is what happens to the minister, first read this Lok Sabha Either you are a member of the Lok Sabha or a member of the Rajya Sabha, so whichever house you are a member of, speak a lot, spend a lot of time, take part in voting there too. There is no problem, but when you don't feel like going to another house, you can speak there too, but make sure that you do not vote there, that is, the right is of the minister of that house. If he is not a member, he can go and speak in that too but cannot vote. Attorney General can go and speak in both the houses. He can also speak in both the houses, but he cannot vote in either of the two houses. Because. He is not a member of any House, so exactly 89. Now from here comes the Presiding Officer, that is Presiding

1:01:46 Officer, whom we call, so the first one is the Presiding Officer of our Rajya Sabha, what is that, two are Chairman and Deputy Chairman, it is understood as VP Vice. The President shall be the ex-officio chairperson of the Rajya Sabha or the Council of State, it is the same thing, there are two articles which say 64 and 89 and the Deputy Chairman, as soon as the new Rajya Sabha is formed, the Deputy Chairman will also be chosen by the House, end of vacation resignation. And look, if we talk about removal of resignation, to whom will the Chairman of Rajya Sabha give resignation? Just tell me quickly, to whom will the Chairman give resignation? If we talk about removal, then only their own House removes them. It is called effective majority. It is not in depth in Hindi. Have never asked,

1:02:34 but if asked, we should know. Effective majority means all the members of the house, i.e. vacancy does not include all the members of the house. Chairman of Rajya Sabha is there. Who is the Vice President? Who does the President appoint? Who does the President resign? Who does the Vice President appoint? Who does the Deputy Chairman appoint? He appoints the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. Who removes him with a clear and effective majority? Who elects the Vice President? Who elects the Vice President? The one who removes the President is all the members of Parliament and who removes the Vice President, it is only the members of the Rajya Sabha who removes it. These are the people who will pass the vote with effective majority. Sir, Lok Sabha has no role. What happens is that the Lok Sabha has a very minimal role.

1:03:21 By simple majority, simple majority means just agreeing to it by simple majority and giving consent. If that happens then the main thing is to get it passed by Rajya Sabha. 91 Main role of Rajya Sabha is to remove the rim from the Vice President. Power of the Deputy Chairman and other persons to perform the duties of the office of Chairman. If the Chairman is not there, then the Deputy Chairman will sit in his position. Brother, who is the Deputy Chairman, please tell me in the comments. Who is the Deputy Chairman at present? Who is the current member of Rajya Sabha? Harivansh Narayan, tell me quickly, who means Chairman? Deputy Chairman, I am asking, if the Chairman is not there, that is, if the Vice President is not there, then who will come? The Deputy Chairman will come, but it is not that there are two meanings, it is not that there are two meanings either. He may be absent or his

1:04:11 seat may be vacant. Absent means that he is not able to come because his health has deteriorated or his son or daughter is getting married or he has some work to do, then he is absent. If he has gone abroad, he is absent. He will come in some time now, there is vacancy, that is, now he will never come to the seat, he has gone completely, it is called vacant, so if he is absent, then in that case Harivansh Rai Bachchan is very right son, get reborn, you are right, get reborn Harivansh. Narayan Singh means Harivansh, I told you that even beyond that, you

1:04:56 could not add all the Harivansh Rai Bachchans, you are sitting drunk in the bar, all of you, okay, so if it is vacant, then it means that it means there is no chairman either. Look simple, understand it as chairman. Whether he is absent or vacant, whatever the case may be, the Deputy Chairman will come and sit on his seat, but if the Chairman is absent and the Deputy Chairman is also absent, then there is a Panel of Vice Chair person and someone comes from him. Okay, Panel of Vice Chair person. Now I have given the current. When we got the affairs done,

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