THERMODYNAMICS - PART 1 || All Concepts, Tricks & PYQ || Ummeed NEET

0:01 Hello kids how are you all Amit Mahajan A Welcome You On This Incredible What about the Platform of Physics? This is a move brother for all of you yes good morning good morning good morning Everyone Namaste Sat Sri Akal Assalam Walekum Ram Ram Ji Ram ram good morning good morning good Morning Good morning ji, good morning come son today Your chapter is very wonderful Thermodynamics and thermo chemistry to Let's start a wonderful chapter

0:48 B let me tell you the chapter is big Chemistry point of view is important from as well as physics point of view lots of things chemistry and physics I have common with this chapter so that is why you If you take the class, I have full hope That is at least three questions in NEET paper There must be some whom you can handle very well Will be able to attempt and get 12 out of 12 Marks that you are sure to score make start class just start It is not necessary to finish the class It is necessary too, isn't it? Yes, yes, yes Let go

1:33 Let's start the class as soon as the duration For those who ask about the duration, I am for all of them I want to take a look, it's okay, it's okay We have to ward off their evil eye, there are very few such people are found whose IQ level is already I have gone way beyond the exam so I will tell you I salute everyone and start teaching Am Let's start with thermodynamics brother and thermo chemistry like here you We are also looking at thermodynamics, Stuck between physics and chemistry yes, isn't it, both of them are saying this to each other no oh hey leave your sister in law's hand ok

2:21 some situation which many people have which I On the left hand side, nowadays some of his The situation might not be like this So I don't know whether this Shahid Kapoor and Lad she is married so we have to respect it about mr saaf ali khan also but but but the dynamics is something like this that swings between two people human is ok the voice is not right, I would have told you once I am the voice of here you go

3:10 Please check your voice once look at it and correct it let's start it bro What is thermodynamics and how does it work What will we read first in this chapter In this we will always talk about gaseous substances And which gaseous substance would that be generally? Which one would be ideal gas now any ideal gas either expand is happening or is being compressed or in it If a chemical reaction is taking place then whenever something It will happen whether it is expansion or compression

3:55 If there is a chemical reaction, the energy in it Will changes come? Energy changes will come Energy in Ideal Gas Change and spot the reaction and reaction Whether it will happen or not, spun knitty means the same whether she will have a reaction or not speak spun nt spun of the reaction deals with this This is what thermodynamics does not tell us This chapter does not say that that is The speed of the reaction will definitely tell that This reaction may or may not happen but it will Do you have any information about speed?

4:43 this reaction will not happen very fast or It will be very slow, nothing can be said about it who will tell him, he will tell him that this The name of the chapter is chemical kinetics okay is it Design Tell Us What do you call it about speed of reaction? hain hum that is the name of the chapter thermodynamics okay so let's go Thermodynamics We also asked a small question about this I have taken NCERT exemplar quickly Tell me your answer to this

5:28 [music] What thermodynamics does not tell us Thermodyne Not Concerned About What Energy chance does not tell does not tell that It does not tell how fast the reaction will be or feasibility feasibility means spun Is it Neeti or not? Bata Be Quick In Giving The Answer Sir, energy change tells for sure It also tells how much the reaction will be because you can factor out k from delta g which is not equilibrium constant speed Tells the rate at which reaction proceeds correctly whether the reaction will be very fast or slow There will be no information about it

6:15 gives no gives no gives on 96 The children's questions are correct, son, I answer all I have brought the answers of NEET and AIIMS as well Pava's NCRT Exemplar also JE Main 2020 24 questions also as well as JEE Main For what happened in the January attempt of 2025 I have brought all the questions with me I am ok So let's talk about the system first. What is this Elvish Yadav system called? yes brother this is not that system ok This is the system we are talking about where our reaction is taking place You have set your eyes where your does he have full concentration

7:01 Let's say the system is a container There is some ideal gas lying inside, now you can You can compress this ideal gas or Expand or burn or with someone else what is the whole reaction what will this beaker of ours be called will be called that i system and everything else except this system that there is a whole world, what should that be called is surroundings would be called okay system and What becomes complete only when the surroundings are combined Universe is created is equal to

7:50 The universe exists when there is prayer in school When you used to go for it you used to take oath that indians are my brothers and sisters In which not even a single person could say accept all are one except one Those who are Indians are my brothers and sisters. there is one who is the one, the one on whom you have He has his eyes fixed on what is the system Leaving behind the whole world what is it to you surroundings are okay let's go let's go so We got to know what a system is. System and what do the surroundings together create that it is written that they create this universe no surrounding accept system except the system which is completely

8:38 The world is mine, the world is somewhere inside you Gonna bus bus Just what the whole world calls surrounding is called is this a beaker that you have kept in some container what happened to the beaker inside leaving the beaker which is the entire container except for the beaker It is a conical flask except that it is complete container what would it be called that is Surrounding and System and Surrounding Together what do we create that is universe okay let's create the universe okay Is Before looking at the types of systems, let us first First let us see the types of walls. First type

9:27 there is a wall that is dia thermic walls System and to the surroundings Differentiable They are real as well as imaginary As I explain it, it's a system. There is ideal gas inside, this is the system Leaving aside the whole world, what is it Surrounding is ok system and surround to which the differentiable What will the walls be called? Walls are real too. it could be and it could be imaginary as well For example, assume that this wall is a real wall.

10:13 This is what you have seen inside a cup of tea. put the tea if it were so then is this wall real this also what is real what is this also real and what is There is energy up here, so look at it from here There is some loss as well like the tea If it is getting cold then heat loss is only from here This is happening and that is why the tea is getting cold It's not like that, okay, we loose energy from here too it is happening and it is getting loose from here also This is the wall that is on top One Imaginary wall come let me teach you on the side I'll write it down somewhere so that it's easier for you will remain that is dia thermic

11:01 what is a wall diathermic wall son this is that walls that are part of the system and surrounding Energy can be exchanged between energy can exchange okay it will Exchange Energy Between System and Surroundings System End The surroundings are fine as it is look this is a gaseous system if you look at it if we heat it then the heat that is there will be a this heat is a

11:47 Everyone knows the form of energy which is heat with the help of these walls it will go inside and this what will the gas do if it heats up this wall what shall we say to that is diya Thermic wall is the energy that comes from outside will it transfer it inside or whatever is inside There will be energy, you will transfer it out Why keep the example only of heating? are you sir if you assume that you have iced here would have applied Ice watch the energy when you were warming up You were going from outside to inside, what are you doing now? if we are cooling it down then the energy which will be That molecule from outside sorry from inside will come outwards from inside to outside

12:36 it will come ok it will come from inside to outside okay it's what do you say Diathermic walls will heat up if we will cool you from outside to inside okay this is The ice will come out from inside like this We call these walls diathermic walls sir Is there only one way to exchange energy? the way happens giving heat or receiving heat no no To exchange energy, you just need to There are two ways to read That is Heat and Work So how is energy exchanged through heat You told me how to exchange it with work tell me what happens, see this whole chapter I'm here to read more about Ideal Gases We will study and do the work that we need to do.

13:25 will happen only when either this ideal gas Let's expand this piston by taking it up Should we go son or take this piston down it should come i.e. it should be compressed repeat Let me tell you in this whole chapter The work done by Ideal Gases is to be read You should read it only when the gas expands That is, will the piston move up or the gas It will be compressed i.e. by taking the piston down will come i.e. whenever the work has to be done you will have to m the piston then sir I found out one more thing and I said what Sir work can be done only if it is movable What if the boundary is movable boundary If the boundary is not movable then work

14:13 it will not be done, it will not be done, so work Done It is possible even if the work is done on the system I have to do it by the system There is some boundary for him Movable Honey if all boundaries are fixed then it should be If boundaries are fixed then work will never be done If it cannot be done then how will there be energy here? it will expand or you can move the piston down go or move the piston up okay even then Energy exchange will be in the form of work Now I'm asking you the next one. I am talking about all this in this question Please answer, is there energy here?

15:00 Exchange as a work can be done yes buston it can go up it can go down it can is there energy exchange as heat It could be yes or no, that is, if I say this if I heat it up will the heat go inside or outside If I cool down by applying ice will the heat go away? will come yes or no will be diathermic Diathermic yes please reply in yes or no Today JE people can see son or second The shift will be good for you The answer is yes, all the children gave the answer. It is given that heat exchange can also take place and There can also be an exchange of work and heat work

15:47 both can be done please tell me next time Now answer this: Is there heat in this container? And there can be a change in both the works, yes and No there is both heat and work Exchange can be done the answer is no it's just the exchange of heat Work cannot be exchanged Because sir what do you need for work that is movable A boundary is needed here, whatever boundary there is it is not movable okay so you typed it first I read the wall of which one is diathermic

16:34 There is another thing, we call them walls Thermally Insulated Walls Thermally insulated walls son those are walls which cannot exchange heat from si come to surrounding and vice versa i.e. If you heat them up, the heat will escape It will not go inside from outside or it will cool them down If you do this then the heat will not come out from inside why because here here the system Of all four

17:19 Are there thermally insulated walls on either side There are thermally insulated walls thermally insulated walls are okay so Even if you heat it, there is insulation No, the heat will not enter even if you try to cool it down The heat will not come out from inside it won't come ok Energy Cannot Be Exchanged in form Off

18:05 Heat Due To Insulation Due To insulation well tell me one thing I'm a I am saying the statement, tell me is it true it's false keep the class engaging jo jo learning things i'm asking Let's answer them by doing insulation here We have kept it, okay sir, where is it kept Thermally Insulated Walls Are Thermos Flask haven't you seen that when you pour tea then it is tea It stays hot for a long time if used in a thermos Put some ice or something inside the glass Put something cold in it and it will last for a long time Stays cool because of insulation Heat from outside cannot enter or exit heat can come out from I ask you a question I am asking, in this system, whether we heat can heat exchange can

18:50 You can exchange work or anything heat and work and both and none You can exchange both or any one No, write in the chat box quickly heat exchange can be done for work Exchange can be done Both can be exchanged does not belong to any of could be the answer is nun well done ok very good friend You guys are participating very well This way it is ok because there is no heat can because thermal insulation is sir work Why can't it be movable for that Boundaries are needed here, boundaries all around all four are that is fixed, it is good I want to tell you another question about this another quen with thermals around here There is insulation There is thermal insulation all around

19:39 So what can this exchange do surrounding Heat work with either or both Any No, the piston is not fitted, can I exchange it Can heat work either or both Any no the answer is only work is very good or Too much energy can be exchanged sir How would that energy exchange happen? Will you move the piston up or down? Will you bring it or will you spend the gas? Compress can be exchanged fine So let's move ahead and tell you about the walls.

20:25 I have also come to know, now we will talk Three types of systems there are systems the first one is that is What is an open system Open system Open system What happens if energy is also exchanged? can exchange as well as matter This could be a thermos with surroundings The flask is what we have considered as a system It is kept open from the top, so you can do any You can put things in it or take them out You can exchange matter for mass exchange of can be done ok and Energy will also be exchanged if you If you start heating, you will get energy This system will heat up and cool down If you start it, it will lose energy and it will cool down

21:11 If it goes, it can also exchange energy matter can also be exchanged and here What have we done in this closed system? what did you put on the flask lid It's installed as soon as you put the lid on Nothing can come out of this now If no action is possible then exchange of mass or Exchange of matter is not possible right but whose exchange will happen only and only heat exchange will happen if you heat it If you do this, it will get hot all around If you apply ice then it will get cold what would you call this closed system which provides energy can exchange matter can't and the third one is isolated system this is such a system which neither

21:57 Neither energy nor matter can exchange How can I exchange this same flask You have thermally insulated walls all around You have made it with a thermos flask, right brother? what will happen if it is made then what will happen to you know there will be thermal insulation so if you Even if you heat it, there is no heat inside The insulated walls will absorb all the heat themselves will absorb though 100% isolated It is not possible to create a system like Did you like the idea of cutting the dog? ate hey don't do this i am just joking I am telling you, suppose you get to know today that some relative is coming over who is Calling mom and dad every year or every month hey this time son or

22:43 Will my daughter get selected in NEET or not? I am there and then from that there is a little bit The matter gets personal with So in such a case you will get to know about the day after tomorrow I have some tea left today what will you think oh friend tea will come the day after tomorrow If you want to feed this expert then this tea I pour it into a thermos flask and close it I will do it and keep it for when he arrives in two days Na thermos flask is an isolated system If I take out the tea from this, it will be hot automatically I will take it to the table and say this year You will be tensed about your selection in NEET There is no need to take meat here There is no energy transfer and the Yes, energy transfer means If the heat is fine then brother 100% isolated system

23:30 It is not possible to make tea after two days If it was hot, remove it from the thermos flap it must have cooled down because thermally Insulated walls also exchange heat but very little very little very little okay so It is not possible to create a 100% isolated system no no no okay so isolated You should also know what the system is. its ok please answer me quickly No I am assuming your body is a human body I believe that all humans are ours If you are attending the class right now then Tell me which system is the human body is isolated from open close

24:17 In the isolated chat box of open close Tell me without hesitation tell me the answer Well done, maximum children are giving correct answers are that is open system is this matter can exchange with surroundings yes sir we eat a lot of things and Many things are also removed from the body's waste If it is taken out then there would be an exchange of matter Are we able to exchange energy Ofcourse sir when we go out in winter My head gets cold and our body gets cold This causes loss of energy and makes us feel cold It happens and sir, summer has arrived now What happens in summer, Sun's Rays Heat

25:04 If it gives, then our body gets heated If exchange of energy also takes place then which one? This is an open system, it will be quickly Be quick in giving the answer Be quick in giving the answer thermos flask that thermos flask There are some ice cubes inside, tell me This is an example of closed open Isolated Cannon Thermodynamic System The Answer is option number C isolated system because what is in thermos phallus If there are thermally insulated walls then the heat Exchange cannot happen and stop It is written stopped which means you have opened the thermo slice If the exchange of matter is closed then so is the exchange of matter

25:49 It's not possible for the ice cubes to come out no ice cubes can go in so the answer is Option Number C 99 53 but the kids are right, well done, friend, well done Let us move on to the next question Let us see if there is no meat in any container There can be no exchange of heat If exchange is possible then tell me which one is this type of system is system is brother system yes but what type of system is that elvish If Yadav has not told you then it is for that If you have to study chemistry then tell me which system bro

26:40 hai the answer is isolated system hai kya hai This is an isolated system, isn't it? neither exchange of electricity nor that of energy is taking place The exchange is happening, many people have known it Half percent also used imaginary thing, son your team friend is fine rest this system which was that is isolated system is ok next beta baat We will define the meaning of state of system state hey that is the situation is ok

27:32 State of system means the condition of the system what is it like look at this look at this someone There is a system, there is some gas inside this system it has happened ok if you want to know about this gas what is the status right now so I can tell you you have four state variables if you do this If you know all four then you will get the knowledge of this system The situation will be known, sir, who are those four? one is son pressure is volume One is temperature and the other is number of moles These are the four state variables, these four are known If you go, you will know about the system

28:18 The situation will be known as and when Sir You are explaining this in thermodynamics Give me some example from daily life, hey friend There are some state variables which Your situation will be known that the exam date How much preparation have you done through out the year? Have you taken classes regularly or not? Revise Did you solve the DPP yourself or not? Have you given the tests regularly or not? No if these four things you give me any If you tell me about the child, I will tell you right Now what situation is he going through I will also tell you my state of mind, I am fine and fortunately and unfortunately its result I will also tell whom to change You are taking classes to do better

29:05 if there are four state variables then you will need only Even if you know three things, it will do because Fourth, you will automatically know that it is using pavi in atti what to use pavi in atti if You know the pressure, you know the volume, you know the number of moles know temperature know So you tell me three out of four, tell me PVT A can be found using this equation v AT Tell me if you find out then there are four states Variables But even if you tell us three, it will do the job for us. This is also a question from NCERT exemplar State of a gas can be described by Quoting the relationship between ok tell me

29:50 Yes to know the condition of any gas You should know the relation between Knowing the relation between whom should be quick in giving the answer The answer is option number D, this amount is the same no that is as much as the number of moles The amount will be the same as the number of moles

30:37 There will be more pressure, volume, temperature and Knowing the relation between the number of moles okay let's go and talk more Beta properties of the system any gaseous system or any other system It has two types of properties there is one there is extensive one intensive okay extensive properties that it depends, okay matter contain in the system if your gassy Have you increased or decreased the gas in the system So the property will change to such property What will we call extensive property And such properties are there whether gas or not what matter put one more gas or gas

31:24 Remove anyone from the system on the property If change does not come then what will it be called that is Look at the intensive property, this is daily life We can also understand this from the example of As it is study, study is the time It keeps changing with you as much as you did last June or were you not studying in July right He is reading a lot more than that today So this is an extensive property, right? Studying is extensive isn't it sometimes We worry too much about the month It depends and sometimes it does very little okay and secondly many other people would have gone There are many for whom one has to go studies are fine let's study, let's go, there is no shame

32:12 Shame on you or call it shameless or call it shy Depending upon the person it is intense No, my family says, now it's only two months You are no more left, hey, at least read it now, okay Still they don't feel any shame yes it is ok and even when he lived for 10 months She is not coming even though two months are left If you don't come then what is the shame, okay that's it it is intense it is intense about the matter it does not depend on you it does not depend on you if it doesn't, okay then just extensive Property is that which depends on the matter we do it like we will take less mass and gas you will take more gas, mass will be more The volume depends on the volume Amount of MT space in the container but

32:58 If mt space is variable then variable means MT depends on space gas ok so if you take less gas then it will reduce If we take volume occupied gas then it High Volume Occupied whatever type of energy there is Energizers will be enthalpy internal energy it is an entropic waste of energy but it is Energy no and gives free energy all this what is the whole thing that is It is extensive and there are some more things to talk about We are extensive about this that is if x and y are two Extensive

33:44 These properties are also extensive or is also extensive so whatever their addition will be It will come by adding x and va or x and va To That too will come after multiplying x and y Extensive is the sum of two extensive add it Subclipse happens only but by dividing x by will come or dx1 must have understood the meaning of d What is that? Is small change this intensive? It happens to be a very important property This is a very important property and there are many things on it The question asked in the bar exam is that x

34:31 is extensive, then y is extensive, then x is what will happen that is intensive or dx1 It does not depend on the matter like temperature is the same gas in less quantity keep the same gas in larger quantity wait you will see the temperature of the gas will reman same ok next refractive The index is done, the molar mass is any It is a gas like CO2 its molar mass is fixed

35:16 is 44 grams per mole now put down the co2 gas or keep it more it will always remain the same and also has very intensive properties like all Concentration all the terms concentration terms meaning whatever Have you studied molarity? normality molality mole fraction what is this whole thing that is It is intense sir please prove it I will show you by doing it, first of all the number Off Moles are extensive sir how? Tell me the number of moles is extensive what is equal to mass divided by Molar

36:02 mass this is If the mass is extensive then it is extensive Intensive is extensive upon intensive Moles are extensive only What happened? You have become extensive. Look now. What is molarity, number of moles Divided by volume this is also extensive This is also extensive, extensive upon What will be extensive and what will be intensive similarly Molality above number of moles below mass The extent of solvent in kilograms this is also extensive what will be both Intensive ratios will be similar to normality Above Gram Equivalents Below Volume OK These gram equivalents are extensive the volume is extensive Be extensive upon extensive then the mole fraction will be correct

36:50 What is mole fraction? What is mole fraction? There are moles above as well, there are moles below as well Moles are extensive not extensive what will become extensive that is intensive it will be ok hey sir why are you behaving like you are the don because i am the Don son, these 25 paisa activities There is no time to do this if you are not clearing NEET exam. and if the same 25 paise and 50 paise are collected you are good to go i have no issues regarding it okay it's good in this A heat capacity was also written as heat Capacity is denoted by beta c

37:35 okay so what would be the heat capacity hey that is extensive it happens sir first tell me what is the heat capacity To increase the system temperature by 1 K The amount of heat supplied for the entire system The heat required to raise the temperature by 1 Kelvin what do you call it that is given heat capacity okay that is heat capacity If the system is smaller and has less gas then its Heat capacity will also decrease and temperature will drop quickly If the system is larger it will give less heat It will be okay to give more heat here is the answer quickly tell me be quick in giving the

38:24 Answer among them Which of the following is given below It is an intensive property sir, you just told me tha mass extensive hai volume extensive is amp i type of energy it is extensive So what will be the intensity that is surface tension Isn't surface tension big, even in physics? You must have increased it, that is the amount Which decreases its surface area trying to do look at this Next if x and y are arbitrary Arbitrary means imaginary is an extensive variable is extensive and If both of them are x then x will be point intensive wrong x the app will be intense absolutely correct x

39:10 Myova is not intensive if x is also intensive If y is also extensive then x is x minus or x All three of these will be extensive, just this x The problem is intense hoga next see Both mass and volume are extensive There are properties The absolutely right mass would also be extensive the volume is also extensive but mass upon volume happens ok mass upon the volume is ok is it It is not extensive sir, this too it is extensive it is also extensive extensive upon extensive intensive hota hai so that is rang to a is right hai reason i

39:57 colour is assertion correct but the region is incorrect let's ask this question See what is written: Volume of the gas is reduced to half from its original Volume first it is not a gas it was you reduced its volume by half i.e. pushed the piston down to compress the gas given this was volume v1 now volume is v2 end v2 = v1 / 2 then tell me what will be the specific heat What difference will the specific heat make? The thing you should know is specific heat

40:44 The specific heat of 1 gram of gas is to raise the temperature by 1 degree celsius The heat required is for 1 gram of gas The heat required to raise the temperature by 1 Kelvin what should we say to him that is The specific heat of 1 gram of gas is given here whatever temperature is needed, heat is needed and here what will be the heat you want it will be the same it is an intensive property okay Specific Heat Specific Heat Will Remain Same Here option number C is the same question would have come and here Heat capacity instead of Pacific heat on If there is any question then you should attempt it Ok Next we will talk about beta types of

41:31 about the process in which the first Which process is given isothermal What is Isothermal Process? is the beta in which delta t is zero heat change is not zero delta t is zero It happens to be the temperature tap perature remains constant means whatever you Delta T will be there in what we are getting done what will happen will be zero what will be delta t It will be zero sir can you give me an example of it yes you give so many examples

42:19 could like it See Melting Point Boilic When you melt anything if you were doing this then heat exchange would take place brother to go from solid to liquid Is it necessary to heat the solid to liquid state? you will have to absorb it, okay but the Temperature Remains Constant Similarity heat to convert from biological liquid to gas You will have to absorb the temperature remains constant like this see i I will explain it to you with an example, suppose Water is in liquid form and you can making up the water The gas temperature here is also 100 degrees

43:05 It is 100 degrees Celsius here too If it is Celsius, then heat exchange has to be done you will have to go from liquid to gas If heat has to be supplied for this then heat exchange it is happening but delta t is zero temperature There is 100 here also there is 100 here also so change in temperature that is final temperature minus What will be the initial temperature if it comes to zero here at q is not equal to zero heat change is zero no it is written heat change but delta t son what is that is zero is delta t what is that is zero is okay Is Let's talk about the next are that for edia betic process edia

43:52 Betic process is the process in which Heat is zero delta t is not zero heat change is zero, both things are ok It is different, here the temperature change was zero The heat change was not zero here the heat change It is zero, that's fine, but the temperature change is zero will not happen will not happen if Ediya Betic Expansion is happening expansion to temperature It will be fine if there is adiabatic compression Compression Addictive

44:38 The compression is Temperature It will increase okay what will be the temperature will increase okay let's go ahead and let's talk Next is Iso Baric Process Iso Baric what's in the process which one is this isomeric Pressure Rims Constant volume does not remain constant The pressure remains constant, you can see this If there are two weights fitted on the piston then know

45:23 Which agent is putting pressure on this gas right now? One is piston, these two are weight and air This is what my head looks like right now, brother. Who is putting pressure agents on my head? The particles of head air hit your head and what are those same pressures doing EDGERTON Suppose I said this Now like this I have kept a book, a book I have placed it on my head, now tell me about it Who is exhausting the pressure sir one of them is this There are air particles above the book, right? both of these pressures Same thing is happening at Egerton due to this gas

46:08 Who is exerting pressure on these two weights this is piston and air ok similary here Also see, this heated up the piston The pressure is gone but still constant because outside there's still the same two weight one piston and also air is ok then pressure reme ris constant next is iso corey Volume is not constant, see here but volume was less v1 now the volume of gas It has become too much but the pressure is constant It is the opposite here, what did you do here? The gas has been kept in such a chamber whose four walls are rigid of ridges What do you mean by this piston I mean piston If it isn't there then it won't go up or down The volume of gas you can use will remain fixed

46:57 The gas was heated and before heating After heating, this hot gas first cools down Now it will get hot, there will be a pressure change here It is done, a meter has been installed on top which pressure is being measured here pressure It is less and the pressure here is more then p2 is greater than p1 pressure is changing but what is the volume of the gas Volume Occupied Here Occupied Here we call it iso choric what is the process in which the volume is that remains constant it remains okay Sir what will be the cyclic process cyclic

47:42 process will be in which it starts with your name and ends with your name Isn't it my love, I should express it just like I swear to you Likewise, this will be a process that What is the initial point and the final point is a bean which has Initial And what is the final point? It is the same. It's like he started asking you about someone else too do you talk to anyone other than me then you answer I am a one woman man, I don't give such a bad answer Will you give it to me or not? Wow, this too slowly You tell me it is at one time, right? It is the same as the gas that passed through here before

48:28 Then she went from B to C and then where did she come from C that is a trip i have come back okay isn't it yes so It starts with your name and ends with your name getting this is what that is Now let's talk about cyclic processes What is an irreversible process and What is a reversible process

49:13 What is called irreversible and what is reversible Who are you talking to, okay so listen carefully You will understand what is this irreversible process which is very fast, fast and this Who is father-in-law, he is very slow sir, I don't understand. Come let me explain by giving some examples from daily life hey this is when you talk to someone from 10 o'clock You start talking on the phone and in the evening You don't even know when it's 4:00 When she says at 4:00, son let's go, I I'll hang up, where are you taking so much time I did not know what happened to you Things are like this, so this is a big thing It is a fast process and look at this, this, this Sir it is very slow, tell me its daily life

49:58 Example: Study, son, study, it looks like this We have been studying since birth, since birth you are reading and the truth is that you are still reading it's only been 50 minutes so this is very It is a very slow process, isn't it the mind that wants it no we should study and this is very fast process ok let's talk more Irreversible it would be in finna it steps Is and this

50:47 infinities have to be carried up to v2 ok what will you do here in one go will move v1 to v2 or first take a bit from v1 Expanded then expanded a little v2 means one step, two steps, three steps in five steps okay what do you call this yes it's ok and what is this this is very It is very slow sir it is very slow Sir, its example is daily study. Isn't it true that to get selected, first everything is fine You have to take classes and then revise your notes Then you have to solve DP also then you have to solve your homework Then you have to give tests and then analyze Then you have to work on your weakness You have to go and see the selection there are so many steps and here but here it is just finish it steps do you see it inside the chat box

51:33 Give me your phone number because they need your They are so proud of their talent that only they know I need your phone number so how can I do that I will get it done even if I have to do it at her feet Why should I not have to go home, yes absolutely right ok so this happens in infa steps This process happens in fight steps like Suppose you want to expand here Assume the gas is compressed or Well, it was very easy for the piston here. Grab it and jerk it down in one step or it will be done in two steps or three steps Here you will get this in 5 steps and 10 steps. If you want to compress then do it very slowly very slowly how how how look at this You put a grain of sand on top of this piston for example if you keep a grain of sand then will you

52:19 You know this will increase the pressure on the piston I just gave you the example of the book was okay so the pressure will increase so the piston It will come down, it will come down so low that you will know it won't even happen you won't even know yes yes then another grain of sand was placed another one another one I am placing them one by one so you can see this is the process which is infi happens simply slowly infa happens very slowly and the system and surroundings in it always Live in Equillium

53:05 are and I live in the surrounding equilibrium of Iku That means you live in equilibrium sir how in equi brian hey man you have a The piston became smaller by putting a grain of sand in it It will come down that you can see with your open eyes and tell I can't even imagine this piston coming down or it has not come i.e. outside pressure and The pressure inside is almost the same in this What is the external pressure and the internal pressure? almost the same happens ok system and What are the surroundings to each other that is infa a what will you say that is equi bryan I am fine and son talk

53:53 We will make a difference here between two steps are final Will you talk to someone today or tomorrow for an hour? will you talk to On the third day, you will talk to someone for an hour So after 21 hours of hard work you will get something Positive results will start appearing you will see it yes brother it will work out and studying here on the first day Study for 1 hour the next day On the third day, it feels like studying for an hour Brother, nothing happened, friend, right? Because I have not read anything in the last 10 months No, that is why you don't see the difference it's been ok here

54:38 difference between two Steps is Extremely Small It is also written here that whoever This will be a real irreversible process process takes place Is it real if you talk to someone on the phone? it is absolutely real and you should study, you should study sirt i potical sir imaginary imaginary yes Absolute Right Absolute There are some such conditions when

55:26 From reversible to irreversible and from irreversible to Reversible Fine If the batch of peed is purchased then son go to the dots that are made and match do it, it will change, okay if you are zenan So Well, we can't plot this on a graph. because very It is fast fast and can do this B Plotted In If the graph appears in the paper, numerical and

56:14 He used the word reversible or If it is not written irreversible then how can we You will know how will I come to know the process Is it reversible or irreversible? I words Pay attention to the words I am writing Those words will tell you what the process is is reversible or irreversible yes cet guys can see it brother it's ok Let us focus here But if it is written anywhere in numerical that the process is past, the process is very decayed The process was done very quickly it has happened very quickly

57:02 no what else is written the process is real And it is written here that the outside pressure is constant Against Constants External Understand the pressure, what is that process is r What is force? Irreversible If any of these If the word is written then what will be the process that is it will be irreversible okay and if it is written like this process that happened Infineon This process which

57:47 it is happening slowly for which we have the word can be used slowly are or In Graduate and Surrounding Equi Brian with each other then you'll know The process is reversible, you know the difference It should be because in numericals it it will work very well Let us do the first question of NEET 2024 The question is match list one with list two

58:35 Choose the correct answer from the option given Choose the correct option from the things given below First of all tell the isothermal process in which The temperature constant is isochoric in which the volume is constant Isomeric isobars which is constant pressure and edia Betic in which there is no heat exchange So the answer will be 2 341 2 3 4 1 2 3 41 here it is Option number D is the correct answer D is D is d is d is

59:31 ok very good ji one more question Do this Assertion Reasoning question whenever what assurance is given Heat energy is produced by adiabatic process there is no exchange Between the system and its surroundings Yes Sir, this statement seems to be correct heat energy is not exchanged ok during temperature of a gas good The temperature of the gas will increase when adiabatic gas It is wrong that there will be Betic expansion sir when temperature will also increase due to adiabatic expansion Decrease happens what will happen if there is a decree

1:00:16 How to answer the chat instantly which you want You are answering the same poll in the box the answer is Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect option Number Cadiabatic Expansion of an Ideal Gas is accompanied by Eddy Betic Jab What if Ideal Gas expands? It will happen tell me soon

1:01:14 I will ask the question a little later Because I haven't studied internal energy yet. No, you will study the internal energy after that Self do it after that do it yourself just read it I will give you internal Energy Let's talk about Beta Next About state function and path function It is very easy, whatever things are written in your initials Depends on points and final point okay they don't depend on the path what do we say that is state function ok like what example have you given PVT UHS GETC Is it true that all these You will not have to remember the name completely During the chapter which is not a state function

1:02:00 That is heat work and on top of that heat Capacity etc. is also written, it's okay You should know what is the state function no, you should know that it is heat and Apart from work, whatever you do in this chapter I will read whether it is pressure or volume be temperature be internal energy be enthal p Entropy is free energy and all of it what will be that is state function will be the value Take a if there is a beta state function then Depends only on the initial point we will decide on the final date, it will depend on the path I will not depend, I will not depend will do ok what will you tell them donation D is small if D is a state function

1:02:48 If you want to write a small change then you put d i.e. if small change in If you want to write with pressure then apply deep If you want to write small change in volume then apply d and so on you can do this too but what will be the delta a large change of a Suppose somewhere it is written large change of pressure If yes then delta p large change of volume You have to write delta and large change in temperature If you want to write, you can write that is delta t okay and next which one did I say that is a path function that takes the initial point and the final The points do not depend on the path The path change also depends on What will happen to their value if it changes If the path changes then what will be the value

1:03:35 it will change and which one is it So one is heat and one is work, let's assume B is there any path function son How did you write Then Small Change Be? it will be written like this del b okay now that Dale should write it like this or you should write it like this The better depends on your wish would be this one okay and if large change If you want to write a large change in B then what is that will be that is b what will be b okay somewhere This is written in many books, especially in physics etc. given delta k do not write delta k

1:04:20 can we write kya meaning the same as that is a large amount of heat changed now that has the system gone into surrounding or not it is a different matter that has gone into the system but why will we write delta why not write delta I don't have to write 'D', okay, what should I write what is WW that is work done whether it is It has happened on the system, it has happened by the system It is a different thing, okay but there will be a big change So this is how we will write it, how will we write small changes Such large changes, such small changes, such large changes that's ok tell me quickly which one is this Not a function

1:05:14 Everyone has given the answer, it is given below Which is not a state function that is work just heat and work which is ok that state There is no function for all of them except them what is that state function oh let's go a lot Great, next we will talk about internal Energy or also written with Y is new the denotation u is capital e in old books It is also written in that, that is why I wrote this I have given it, okay, but if you want to write, you Write it like this only, why did you tell me this if somewhere If E is written then understand that it is internal energy we are talking about change ok so listen carefully and understand

1:06:01 does it have internal energy is it a gaseous There is a system, son, inside this gaseous system The gas particles All the energy that is inside them What will the sum of energy be called? is internal energy sum of all the even if the particle is rotating in it an electronic transition is taking place in There is vibration, something is happening in it is sum of all the Energies Present In system is what is called

1:06:47 internal energy i called internal energy is ok i called Internal me Tell me nuclear energy has arrived rotational energy came into it Vibration energy has come into it electronic did energy come into it, is it gravitational Will the energy that comes from the bridge come It has yes and no yes and no yes or no sagar read it

1:07:33 Brother, everyone has answered, everyone's answer is correct hey that is no okay what is gravitational pull it is that which can be imposed upon them by means of a meaning This is not their own energy, right? okay sir this depends on whom do you do it yes or whatever happens is a function, function means It depends on the temperature And any gas is fine at a volume The volume also depends on the force of attraction between two gases How much is it? Suppose there are two molecules of gas. The force of attraction is greater between them if they are there then they will stay close by which means they will be less I did not understand whether the volume will occupy Oh friend, I don't understand daily life Be an example when you sit in the class

1:08:19 you are in your school, which one are you Sir, whoever is your friend, would go and sit next to you yes that's your dung friend he is fine you always go and sit near him, right? There must be four people sitting on the bench, right, when you go there You will adjust it somewhere in between No, the teacher will keep telling you to sit far away are you going away no no sir sir I am Are you comfortable here? Yes, then you should go to him. you go and sit down okay then what is the volume it decreases, let's say two gases There is repulsion between molecules If it is there then he will stay far away, right teacher? Tell him to sit with you, he's alone It's okay, and he's your enemy. You would say that the enemy is better off alone there is no need to bother him alone yes sir she has to stay alone like this You will stay away from people in such cases, right?

1:09:06 the gas molecules will stay apart and the volume More Occupied There's no need to fight between molecules There's nothing to remove the beak or There is neither the face of attraction nor the face of It's repulsion, it's okay, I don't want to make friendship with anyone If you have any enmity with anyone then if it is like this otherwise what will happen in this case that the volume It will depend on attraction and repulsion she won't do it she won't do it I have to explain it here as well It depends on the temperature as well as the volume on it also or the volume will change delta u The temperature will change, Delta U will change If the temperature changes then you will also change ok but for ideal gas see

1:09:53 come on, son, there is such a gas in which There is no force between the particles is there force of attraction or force of repulsion there is no force of attraction or force of repulsion okay there's four of them on top It will depend only on the temperature If gas is ideal for whom If it is not ideal then that temperature also It will depend and also on the volume Let me see how much you understand this topic I have come to ask you a question h2o making h2o gas from liquid The temperature here is also 100 degrees It is Celsius but the temperature here is 100

1:10:39 Tell me the degree Celsius, delta y will be 0 yes or no will it come to zero yes and no yes and no If you mail me, message me I look at Dio Ta I will take the answer no i told you for ideal gas Does it depend on the temperature? This looks like the ideal gas, no sir, this is

1:11:26 It is liquid sir liquid so it contains delta y The temperature will also depend on the volume It will depend on whether the volume is changing yes sir it is going from liquid to gas The molecules of a liquid are very close together the gas molecules are very far apart the volume is changing because of this the temperature will also change the temperature will also change and now please tell me some carbon Dioxide is a gas and carbon is present here too Dioxide is a gas and I call it an ideal gas I am moving with pride, ideal gas is moving with pride I have been here too, its temperature is 115 It is degree celsius here also The temperature is 115 degrees Celsius, tell me now delta y will be zero yes and I have considered no carbon dioxide gas as ideal I want to get gas, it will come to zero, yes and

1:12:23 No the answer is yes it is not ideal for gas Gas will depend on temperature, not ideal It is on temperature as well as on volume Even if the volume is changing The delta or change will definitely be huge important point is good and nothing else tell me what this is is an extensive There is property, sir, you already have it I had told you that whatever energy is there The unit of y is all extensive will be the amount of internal energy, this is the energy What will be its unit? Joule will be good. till it is written or calories are written So this is extensive, you know, in terms of calories how to convert to joules 4.18 3 joules is fine as long as it is written in joules If it is then it is extensive, like did you write it down

1:13:08 Joule per mole will be converted to Joule from number of mole The extensive will be divided will be divided by the extensive then what will be the internal energy change will it become intense will it become intense let it be ok And Energy writes on the next page Am Energy absorbed by the system if the system Absorbing the energy then we will keep delta y positive how does delta y come final minus initial

1:13:56 If releasing or losing energy it's the same thing by system delta y we you will keep it negative sir why will you keep it negative because you have lost energy then final The lower the initial energy of the system the higher the if it was then it will be less or more then delta In which will this come, T is negative, okay okay this is a question from AIIMS let's solve it quickly tell me the answer be quick in giving the

1:14:50 Answer: Internal energy of a substance is called taper. Increase with will it happen or will it decrease or due to temperature Does not affect or cause any discomfort to the skin You can remove it, the temperature will increase So the internal energy will increase then option number A is the correct answer very good son further Let's move on to talking Next thing we're talking about this heat do Here's what we're talking about regarding the Heat you know the heat is a type of There is energy, yes and what kind of energy is this

1:15:36 This is the method in the system and surroundings If you are hot to exchange energy If you are giving heat then it is from the surroundings Energy will go into the system, i.e. the system the energy of the battery will increase if you cool it down There's snow all around So from the energy system to the surrounding will decrease i.e. energy will decrease what will happen energy will decrease it will be what will you say mode of method is method to transfer energy between System End

1:16:22 surrounding sir any thing if the thing is hot If you do it, the heat will be absorbed absolutely how will we keep it, will we keep it or what Is positive and if the heat release If it happens then we will say that the heat is written in negative it will go okay sir suppose you want to know something If you are heating it then it absorbs the heat yes how much heating is it generating this is q m a delta t sir a what is the mass If there is 10 grams of gas inside it then keep 10 grams

1:17:07 if you have to give 20 then keep 20 ok sir what is that it is Specific what was the heat specific heat sir for a while Earlier you mentioned the amount of heat Required to raise the temperature of 1 gram off gas by 1 °C I will take out 1 gram of gas and its temperature will be 1 The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature to °C What will be the specific heat if If the specific heat is high, then this heat is also you will have to absorb more if If the specific heat is low then the gas burns out quickly As heat is increasing, q is also absorbed we need to reduce delta t what is that is change in temperature which is written as by

1:17:53 t2 minus t1 that is final temperature minus initial temperature ok is the final temperature minus the initial temperature Sir what will be its unit oh brother this If it is energy then you must know its unit it is hey what will happen will it be joule ok or You can also write calories and joule to express calories in Hindi how to convert that into now I have already written it, tell me quickly Let's see if you can do it or not Freezing What will happen when the liquid freezes? will be q greater than 0 or q less than 0

1:18:42 Either q is greater than less than or q is 0 This h2o is understanding the meaning of breezing h2o is making solid water from liquid You can convert water from liquid form to solid form If you are going then will this absorb the heat will it go or will it go by releasing the heat sir heat Would it have been absorbed by the liquid? The temperature increases sir, right? That means The temperature increases due to the liquid here but so temperature you know heat loss will have to lose, will have to be represented by q lesson 0 ok Sir, let's talk about work, what is work ok son work is also in transfer mode

1:19:28 Energy is between the system and surroundings If you want in system and surrounding Energy exchange can be done either by a heat Take it or what else is there, do it with your work heat and work ok respect heat and work please be careful Look, if you want you can even expand this gas you can do it or even compress it You get the same type of work done by us here What is the formula for studying and getting work done will be mine p not do external derivation we're delta v p external means I think you will understand the meaning there is pressure from outside okay and sir if

1:20:15 Will the process be reversible? Will the process be It will be reversible, okay, you told me then systems and surroundings with each other are in equilibrium, that is, in that case The outside pressure in There will be pressure from outside and there will be pressure from inside there will be pressure of what will happen to them will go means it is equal to the pressure off the gas means this work is done We can write the formula like this - p internal or p gas has the same thing delta v Sir we can write p delta v like this it is pavi hota nrt.ac.in [music]

1:21:24 If the temperature changes that much then you If you want, you can also write n r delta t here. or you can also write delta edge ati yes sir what is this delta AG number of moles product of gas minus number of moles of reactant gas sir these Can you tell me exactly for any equation? can tell for example let's say from 2 nh3 son become 1 n2 and 3 A2 so tell me quickly whose Delta AG is this will be equal to n pz number of moles product There are products with gas, gas is number of Moles are one, product is gas, number of moles three become minus product is The number of moles of gas is 4 -2

1:22:11 out to be how much will that be how much will it become that is to become ok so you can calculate delta ag If anyone's Delta Ag is positive If it comes in positive then work is done Delta AG will come in negative if negative if it comes in then what will be negative into negative If it goes positive then work is done, what will happen is positive it will be ok hey RA read it now properly and carefully Listen to work done anytime on the system diya Well, this is exactly the opposite in physics Work done on the system should be given i.e. You're holding the piston and pulling it down Sir the gas is getting compressed ok so it will work

1:22:58 Done on the system is positive, we take this And if work is done by the system, son, then We take it negatively, we take it negatively Let's assume that this is the opposite of what happens in physics ok work done on the system there Negative is work done by the system what would have happened it will be negative here and there It will be positive ok okay four is not its unit or anything I will have to tell you, I just know what the unit is will happen because work done mode of transfer of If there is energy then it must be joule, okay but sir this So look, suppose it is given in liters and this If it is given in ATM then here the unit is

1:23:43 Liter ATM will come in Joule etc. how to convert it, will multiply it 100.3 joules will come from ok anytime liter Converting atm to joules from 10.3 Please multiply it sir it is litre times Here instead of ATM there should be bar in joule If you want to convert then multiply by 100 multiply the amount by 100 give me four questions okay I will solve the first option out of them You will solve the remaining options ok has predicted sign of work done in the Tell me the sign of following reaction work done in following reaction at constant pressure

1:24:28 Brother the volume here is too high what is the volume here too low You know the delta and which is the final volume minus the initial volume will be this v2 very low v1 is too high it is too low it If it is too much then what is delta and negative If yes then will the work done sign come? Will the work be done and will it come positive sir how what is work done my p delta vto happens if it is negative to negative What if you multiply it by a negative? The other three options will come positive you own Let's welcome Sallu Bhai in the house okay If yes then listen carefully and understand the first law

1:25:14 of thermodynamics says isn't it Sallu bhai is also telling how much energy he has The more we absorb the more energy we release is that is That means, what will you say You can never be energy hungry CreateDrawNavigator [music] You need to increase its internal energy Know the energy in the system and surroundings

1:26:00 There are only two ways to exchange One is heat and the other is internal work To increase the energy, heat it first. I started heating it and it started heating it Yes it will absorb its internal energy and increase how much will it become earlier it was u1 you asked When I gave heat, it resulted in u1 p q brother 50 joules If it gives heat, whatever internal energy there was What will be 50 joules added to it okay there's another way okay there's another way there is also a way that There is a way to get this work done, that's how you will take this piston on top of the piston On top of the piston you can see Work Done on the System

1:26:49 what will we do on the system i.e. f what will you do, will you compress sir by doing What will this become less, what will this become more will delta v come negative yes then work is done what will happen it will become positive just like sir we will compress it now the work will be done and that If it is in positive then now the internal energy What will be the amount of u1 + q if the work done is 30 joules if we do this then it will become u1 + q + w i to the The final internal energy is then u2 - u1 final internal energy minus Initial internal energy is expressed as delta u and what will it be equal to q + w this is that is first law of thermo

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