UGC NET Paper 1 Higher Education Marathon | UGC NET Higher Education Complete Revision | Juhi Mam

0:11 hello everyone welcome back to jrf adda very good good morning to all of you so Welcome to all of you Paper One Higher Education Like Last Week in One Shot Review Marathon I have created a communication marathon for you. I took it in which everything from basic to advanced We do all the things related to the communication unit had done the cover and revised it. in the same way So today's session is also going to be ours. Higher education which is such a vast unit. Even for six months to cover the unit They fall short. will try that today This is how we prepare the unit Do that at least for your exam The revision should be done here in a good manner. If someone has not studied anything higher Because education is a very factual unit So a lot of people don't even enjoy it Is. It seems boring too. So if someone I have not read anything, that too at least this

0:57 A little confidence after reading about the marathon Can boost up from here. Higher As you all know, education is very important It is vastu. So I don’t think so at all I will say that you will get 100% guarantee from here. But this much I can tell you is 10 out of 10 Guaranteed Confidence is Today's This session will definitely give you a boost up. And You will not be afraid of higher education. You Exactly 10 to face the question It will be prepared here in 10 ways. So with this motive we will start today's session Let's start our work. one time quickly I want a thumbs up from there. Like and share this session let's go. Then today's whole topic is that we People start. too much This session is fruitful for all of you It is going to happen. So once again quickly the session Like it, share it. tell me by giving a thumbs up Let me tell you how excited you all are

1:43 For today's class. And if you see me for the first time on the channel have been. So my name is Juhi Jain. Here But I am going to tell you about the subject and the sociology Higher Education and Communication Unit I bring the classes. so both of you You can join me for classes. 3:00 p.m. But my subject is sociology There are classes for this as well. and higher education and communication classes will start from today The meeting is scheduled at 7:30 p.m. But. so evening You guys please join me too Can be done. If you are applying for June attempt I am preparing. so mock test this time But it is the most important. Test The series is available to you here Paper One end paper two key. so good you guys We can do revision. for December 25 if You are preparing. So JRF Adda Join the Hands on Learning Universe of You guys can do it. After watching today’s session you will You will know the level of content here.

2:29 Are being given. What level of preparation did you do? She goes. JRF Adda just for speaking There is no one off solution. this thing every time I have also done the proof and in the future also you will get the same Absolutely premium quality content It will be available here. not just ugc NET SET Assistant Professor But PhD Related is also complete direction approach that you are going to get on this channel and This will be available particularly in this course. So the syllabus of paper one along with paper two You also get complimentary. End All other benefits like handbook You also get test series In our complete course. JRF Adda Install the application as well. Here But you can also get free tests, mock tests, Counseling sessions, everything is available here Is. Very good morning everyone. welcome back To the class. Class PDF will not be available We will get it, we will watch the class here

3:17 After. As will be your response. Let us start today's session right now. Are. Like and share quickly Go to session. It's not fun like this. Let us go. So basically see, in today's session we What are people going to do? in today's session As I said, we cover higher education do. So one by one from basic to advanced We will go towards all the things. Who There are important topics from where usually The questions are ours, we try them We will cover it here in a to the point manner Can do it. So first of all an ancient education The topic comes in which we are Vedic Period, Later Vedic Period, Brahmanical period, Buddhist period, Islamic periods all these different ancient Education systems are about will read. covering the ancient universities do. A lot of your ancient

4:03 There are universities. Most famous Takshila, Nalanda, Vikramshila, Vallabhi and other than this There are lots. Pushpagari University, Ujjain, Banaras. So those who cover all this Are. The gifts are your commissions and committees. Supreme Independence and Post Independence to both commissions and committees will cover it. Education Policies 1968, 1986 End of Course NEP 2020 is also here Will go. Then your five year plus agencies and the institution and which is the most This is the trending topic of our today's class For that is the government initiatives Topic. So, we will cover this as well. In this Your digital initiatives will also come. Plus whatever government schemes etc. We are going to cover everything here Are. So, in today's class we will All the topics are going to be covered. Only Questions will not be solved here.

4:49 Obviously I have asked the questions here included for you because higher If there is education then there is enough through questions also Will cover everything. but topics which There is a summary of that too here, I have told it to all of you I have added it for. so that is your revision too Lets do it. plus practice is also done here let's go. Ok? Leave the PDF now and concentrate on reading first. The class has not started yet. On PDF Our attention is diverted. these things are very She irritates as a teacher. first look Understand the class, then we will also provide the PDF later I will see. Ok? So let's have today's session Let's start. now both hindi and english There are some things which are basic. As Veda will be called as Veda in Hindi also. So I have written in Hindi about such things Not included. but I am all here for you I am getting people covered well. Correct Is? So when we talk about the ancient education system

5:35 The first thing people talk about is your look I told you these five are your ancient education Systems arrive. The earliest Early Vedic Our period comes. then later vedic The period arrives. then your brahminical Your period will come. then buddhist period ended The last one we can say is Islamic Period. Then after this your Britishers This is the period we are going to start here do. Ok? This is what we talk about. Now what about our Early Vedic period Did it happen? Mostly in the Early Vedic Period Oral tradition which is oral learning is teaching I used to walk, I mean after speaking to Orly you got here Most of the knowledge that was provided So no written communication or written Examination related things are not here It used to run like there were Gurukuls etc. What used to happen here orally to the students

6:21 All things were taught by speaking Mostly we see about the Vedas More knowledge was given about the Vedas Let me also talk about it particularly which is yours It is Rigveda. best about it here Whatever knowledge there was, was provided. Ok? You will find all these things here Have to be careful. Is it clear? then after that We talk about the later Vedic period. Now what happens in the later Vedic period? After the Vedas we see those who There are three Vedas, you can find out about them here Knowledge was provided. All the people instantly Tell me the names of the four Vedas. all four What is the feature of the Vedas? In which Veda is there talk about stuff? in a flash Please let me know. Ok? yes aman this lecture will summarize the entire unit.

7:06 I told you just in the beginning. Ok? When you go to Gurukul here If yes, then what will happen to you? The Upanyaay ceremony also takes place here. These We also have to take care. Ok? So All these things should be known. and here in There are different methods as well. That too we will read. What is in later Vedic education It happens? The rest of our Vedas are theirs More knowledge was also provided about it. Your knowledge about Upanishads here Was provided. all these things are memories And so on. Vedangas come here Are. So write a letter about all these things We have more knowledge in the Vedic period Was provided. Ok? then we talk Let's do the brahminical period. Now What happened in the Brahmanical period? which is yours The division in society is very bothersome to us Got to see it here. like different

7:52 There are too many bands etc. and we also Got clearly defined. Ok? We people For example, we see that the Shudras etc. So much educational here Opportunities were not available. The Brahmins who It is absolutely top of our level, considered used to go. Used to be in the top class. so this All the differences are here Got to see it. Your Gurukul is here too The system quite dominated. Sanskrit Mostly education in language is available here It was provided to us. Ok? Then Let's talk about the Buddhist period. Now Let us talk about the Buddhist period. like i He said that the differences in the Brahmanical period It means that we see a lot of discrimination as if between different characters But if we talk about Buddhism then Here we talk about equality we talk more because this is the truth

8:37 the way your differences are brahminism or hindu religion You can see them in Buddhism I don’t get to see it. So pay attention to this thing Keep. Now your educational in Buddhism What did the institutions used to be? so here Pe Monastery used to be a monastery. Viharaya Hum People say. Ok? Mahaviharas like Nalanda University is called Mahavihara the university which is the university Vihara is called here your In the Buddhist period. So keep this in mind Just like we call Nalanda Mahavihara Are. Colleges or universities are From. So you all should keep these things in mind Have to keep it. We should also look into Buddhism Like your Upanayanam ceremony in Vedic period It used to happen. that's the way we talk Your sub-culture even in the Buddhist period The ceremony used to take place here. what even is that?

9:23 It is a kind of initiation ceremony. When your The educational period starts here. clear? We are Islamic people again In the period. Now in the Islamic period we What did you get to see? this is your early There was Vedic period, here we see Women education also gets the most importance Promotion is done if done in a time period If he had gone, then it was in the Early Vedic period itself Yours was done. then later vedic period I decreased a little. Brahmanical Period I was also restricted. Buddhist We talk so much even during our periods they don't do as much for female education as Done in the Early Vedic Period. And In Islamic period yours is exactly like this It's over. As you know, the curtain The system etc. exists because of that. Now, Islamic What is in a period? The school you are interested in, All the education here is in madrasas It was provided. what were the maktabs for

10:09 Were? Basically, your primary education is For that and for your higher education from mother They used to be taken. in Arabic language here Whatever education was provided to us. Now you have an initiation in Islamic too There used to be a ceremony, what do we call it Were? Bismillah ceremony is said here Were. Ok? How old is this and at what age Did it happen? So 4 years, 4 months, 4 months and 4 When a child is born during the day then here But Bismillah ceremony was done for you. Ok? So I have given you a first page in one A brief revision has been given as to how Our ancient education system is here It used to work. Ok? Everybody remembered In a great way. Now let's look at a little Let's talk about the ancient system In. what kind of teachers did you have here did you do it? So in the ancient period we had

10:56 Acharya was visible. whom is acharya Was it called? which will tell you about the Vedas He used to give education. But whatever the fee is It was not taken here. Ok? Upadhyay whom did we call our Used to earn livelihood. means in a way Used to earn a living, used to earn money. How? to tell people about the Vedas or Vedangas Explain about it. So those teachers who were He was called Upadhyay here. Ok? Then we will talk about Charaka. So who is called Charak? who are yours You can say that they were traveling scholars Are. They are wonderful scholars It was called. Like we guys know It is Seng. He also came to India I had gained knowledge. tell me quickly hun Which ancient university did Seng visit

11:42 did you do it? Tell me quickly. Kiss Ancient Huan Seng had visited the university did? And in which century did you do it? which century I did it? Tell me that also. Everybody is in a hurry tell from. Quickly tell me which university did Hunsang study in? Did you visit? In which century? What did it in the century? That is absolutely correct. Nalanda University It was done by. Ok? Nalanda University When was it done? In the seventh century. Ok? Seventh century I did it. So keep that in mind, young man

12:28 What can we say to San? Wondering He is called scholar or charak. Teacher Who was called? who lives his home life and provided education to their Familyhood is a great way to maintain your life For. Who was called the Yojana Accurate? Who They were profound scholars. Students People came to him from different places to study To gain education. so like this We are here to provide Yojana 7 to the teachers were called or were they called correctly and who was called the teacher who taught arts And in dancing, teachers used to provide such Those who were teachers were called teachers Okay, so these are the things you should keep in mind now. What kind of teachers do you want to have? were there in the ancient period and what kind They used to be educational institutions too

13:14 If we look at it, then first of all we When we used to talk about Gurukul, whom was Gurukul? Ours is called Gurukul, usually These used to be in teachers' houses only. children their own Leaving home as if novelistic rituals are theirs When he used to go, he would leave his home and go to his Guru He used to go and live in the Gurukul with him. Their The house which is there has old activities too He used to help. Plus the teachings here He also used to learn from his guru. So What is Gurukul? basically the teachers Home is what it used to be. then we are here But let's talk about the council. Ok? council If we speak here then what will the council do Is? there are basically mostly higher ones here Your students to gain education used to come and what would have happened to you people here Basically, there were discussions in the council.

13:59 Theology law related to philosophy Our so related to Tamilnadu etc. You got to see all these things, Ghoshi Also there used to be a seminar here, what is this Basically there were gatherings, there were samangs Our conferences type that today But you can say that the ashram used to be yours okay as we look at the different things that you There used to be saints, there used to be sages, There used to be, there used to be their ashrams. Like Agnishthana who is for fire worship There was Brahmasthana which was for the Vedas, Vishnu Ashtana which is based on politics, economics and Your Educational Institution for Talks Was. So what do we know about these people and these places? Did you say that? This place was called Ashram. Then let us talk about the university What is a university? Educational Institution

14:46 Used to be. which was started by Shankaracharya ji Had done. like they did in Srinagar Was. In Kanchi, in Dwaraka, in Puri, In Badri. So such educational institutes We used to call them Vidyapeeth here Were. Talk about lethal. So Ghatika South What basically happens to you in India Were? There used to be a learning center. Agrahara Let's talk about it. So brahmin settlements these We used to have them in villages where Brahmins used to teach. Talk about the monastery. So We people of Buddhism can say this where But in different languages ​​or even in Hinduism we have Can be seen. Like the Shaivite Sect The Vaishnavaite sect had its own monastery. If we talk about Brahmapuri then here Brahmins are those who are educational through teaching were provided. Bihar I just I told you about Buddhist Monastery Buddhist

15:32 These used to be religious monasteries. Other than this We also read Basdij. What is Basdis? used to be? This used to be your Jain learning Centres. Ok? Now this whole educational I will tell you about these institutions Why am I telling you? because from here you People have been asked to type 'mess the column' Question. Like which institution, which Is it related to cheese? give you the option diya is vihara, pasadij, agrahara and Whose side did you give it to on the other side? Used to be an educational institution? So The question from here is for you people Will be asked. Ok? Is it clear? Even Did everyone understand? It is fun that No? Learning something in class No? Please do let me know. Ok? it Take care. Now just like I told you The question was asked by you which is early Vedic

16:19 It was my period. Here we see mostly We are taught about the Vedas Was. So which Vedas are present here? What is their sequence? this too you all One has to take good care here. Correct Is? Let's see this also. Ok? First of all comes the Rigveda, which It is the oldest Veda. here we are the people Let's see what the highs and places are. Goddess The hymns which are praises to the gods We get to see it. then the second is yours Yajurveda comes here. Pay attention to this sequence keep it because sometimes confusion gives you It is given in different places that Samveda came first Then there is Yajurveda. but you should give it proper The sequence has to be kept in mind. After the Rigveda Yours comes to Yajurveda. Here we have

17:06 Mantras are rituals for rituals That's why you get to see them. then the third Your Samaveda arrives. Our Samveda Who is it related to? This is your musical channel It is related to. There is a mantra in music. These We find it in Samaveda. And The latest one is your Atharvaveda. here at We see the spells etc. You people get all the things. So We need to know the sequence of these four Vedas. Have to be careful. These features have to be taken care of. From here you guys will get the answer to the column question It can also be made. The second one I told you That too is a sequence type question From here it becomes possible for all of you people. So Everybody has to keep these things in mind. Is it clear? Now let me tell you what Used to be an educational institute? so this We have mostly read it too. If Vedic If we look specifically at the period, here

17:52 There used to be Gurukuls. where at which Students are staying in their teachers' homes They used to go and live there and all that they There is education, we used to gain education. Correct Is? Then we talk about the conference. So this is your community based education and Collective learning centers were established here used to do it. Ok? Talk about the council. So There are academic discourses, gatherings etc. she used to walk here and in a way A type of debate used to take place here. So You guys have to keep this in mind. these are ours There are three main educational institutions which You used to see them in the Vedic period. After this what would be the methods of teaching Were they in the Vedic period? so oral teaching oral Teaching is what matters most here Was. Ok? then you see what is different Were there stages? from here also you people

18:40 The question has been asked. First of all we the people Let's talk Shravan. Ok? in hindi too Only Shravan can say this. The meaning of listening What happens? Hear Ok? Meaning, whatever your guru tells you You are listening to him carefully. This is the most There is first stage of learning. then contemplate Then your mind comes to mind. what does it mean Is? To contemplate. pay good attention to that thing To understand from. It comes to your mind that That is the second stage. then our third stage Nidhi meditation takes place. Meaning of Nidhi Dhyan What is? get these things inside you to incorporate or to accept these things within you take off. Like in Gurukul, whatever you get Education is being given about things. Whatever you are being told about religion is being told about the society which You are being taught the values ​​of society.

19:26 You also have to implement them in your life. Wool Things have to be followed also. Ok? Like we are also talking about practical knowledge We do it, right? So Nidhisan this is our best It reaches a higher stage. Ok? To understand Came? keep this in mind. In addition, the second What used to be Method? Such as illustration Metaphor means telling an example story By giving comparative examples of sources By giving you an example like this on the basis of Teachings are provided by giving examples Was. Question Answer Method which answers the question This is our method. Ok? As Discussions used to go on. He who is a disciple, He used to ask questions to the Guru. Guru of his He used to give answers to all the questions. Used to solve their problems. so this We also used the question answer method and

20:12 The disciple system was also in practice. foreskin The system was also working. What does it mean? who are senior students, who are senior They are students, what were they doing here? He used to teach junior students here. So these are your main educational methods which We get the most information about Vedic time period Used to be seen. Ok? absolutely very Good Yugashi. We are reflective of the funds You can also say level. very good. Ok? Come on now see this is our Vedic Period. In addition, I told you Your novelistic tradition was prevalent here. What is the Upanyaay Sanskar? From one side Your initiation ceremony. Ok? Upanayan ceremony is also what we call Initiation ceremony means your education here It starts from. In addition conversion

20:58 also comes here. Samvartan we the people Who do you call? The meaning of transformation is Convocation Ceremony. means when your whole If education ends in Gurukul then Samvartan Sanskar We say it here. Ok? this thing You guys have to be careful. In addition you People were also given different titles here used to go. Ok? Like we are Rudra's Let's talk about it here and which one is yours? The title used to be here, tell me quickly From. I have taught you three titles which Were given in the ancient time period. So There are students who have completed 24 years I have completed it. Ok? Rudra, Vasu And we used to talk about Aditya. so such Those who are students, you guys will tell me. Your three categories are Rudra, Vasu and

21:45 Aditya. So those students who have I have gained 24 years of education. Two Those who have acquired knowledge of the Vedas. This way students who have completed 36 years I have completed it. of the three Vedas which who has knowledge and who has completed 48 years He has done it and has knowledge of all four Vedas. So who is called Rudra? whom is vasu will be called and who will be called Aditya? Tell me quickly. Tell You have to tell the correct match here. Who will Rudra call? Who will Vasu call? Aditya whom do we call or title or To whom is it given? Everyone please tell me quickly by commenting. look at this These are very basic things that we often

22:32 I have read it. so you guys tell me this quickly. Think and see, different answers are coming. Some? People are calling us Vasu, we call them Those who have the knowledge of two Vedas Is. some people are saying that it is called Rudra They have it. Whose true value am I? First of all, share it once. this session It should have reached triple digits by now. So So, whom do we call Rudra? Rudra can call it your first stage. who have completed 24 years and two

23:19 He has acquired the knowledge of the Vedas. Vasu Your second here for those who have 36 I have completed my years. Knowledge of three Vedas It is done and Aditya your top is the highest Those who have a title with a level The knowledge of all four Vedas is acquired here. Ok? So let's understand these things very well Have to be careful. Now let us talk. This is our Vedic period. Now we People talk here about Letter Vedic Period. Now what about the later Vedic period? Happened? Like I told you, there are some differences We got to see them here. As Your different Varnas were Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra these four There are classes, castes, these are more important to us There are some differences in the later Vedic period and then brahmanical This increased even more during periods.

24:05 Where more cast based All those things are ours The beginning has begun. So Brahmas who is your There is a priest class, Pujari etc. They are included in the Brahmin category. Ok? Priest we can say that your There are gurus, where do they come in? Ours is included among the Brahmins. Ok? Then we talk about Kshatriya. Who are included in Kshatriya? That yours’ There are warriors like there are kings, soldiers Are. What does all this fall into? Kshatriya I come in. Who comes in Vaishya Are? Those who are your traders, merchants or the ones we call businessmen Comes to your merchants. and the shudras In your lower classes, we can talk to you who do our work like cleaning etc. Are. So this would have been our lowest class. Is. Ok? So these different characters etc. This is the distinction between us and the later Vedic period

24:52 It was seen more in. in the same way Look at your human life, take it for granted as well Divide us into four stages or Ashramas given. First of all, your celibacy is the first thing Ashram. Around 25 years which is the age here Allocated up to the age of approximately 25 years Where do the children live? Brahmacharya Ashram In that stage. where you are proper Do you follow celebrities? Education Gain Do you. practical skills etc that you Do you follow? then we go to seconds The stage which is the Grihastha Ashram. here What happens? You are fulfilling your family duties Do you fulfill it? Like when you get married, There are children, proper earning work yes, we do all that here Family duties in your domestic stage. These How long does yours last? Up to 50 years. Correct Is? This way you will have a life of 25 years.

25:39 Then we come to Vanprastha Ashram In. Now your spiritual life is It starts up. You are the one who cares about your house People can say it's your business, Education is everything that you can give your children By transferring you can now live a spiritual life Start your journey towards a spiritual path here Are you going? So this is your path to spirituality We can talk about around 75 years. Then We have seen for 75 years, as long as your Life is renewal and self realization Absolutely a sanyaas ashram where we people We do? towards complete salvation here They begin to leave. So, these are the four stages which We get to see in the later Vedic period see you. In the same way, the four purushaarthas We also talk about the letter In the Vedic period. As you mean, work There is, there is religion, there is salvation. So these are your four

26:26 This is effort. This is a general thing. Ok? Now in the later Vedic period the main source of What was your education like? So we have Just read about Vedanga here Education was given. Ok? The six Vedangas of your used to be. Write down my name quickly and tell me Everyone. Secondly, we see about the Upvedas You were given education here. Brahmanas They used to be yours. Upanishads used to be here. There is Bhagavad Gita, there is memory. all of these things About us in the Later Vedic Period Whatever education was available was given. Vedic What used to happen at that time? In Vedic time We read about the four Vedas Specifically if we talk about Rigveda More education was given and your There is the later Vedic period where you will find Vedanga

27:11 Upveda Brahmana Upanishad and Bhagavad Gita about memory here we have Education was provided. Ok? absolutely very Good. Everyone is writing quickly. See The more you comment the better it will be for you There will be revision. When we write something down They remember us for a long time, right? I remember it. So if you comment in the comments You will continue writing no matter what I say If you keep writing what I am writing then you can also revise it Will go. you remember things well Will go. Otherwise, you will get bored and then you There will be no fun in class. Ok? So Everybody keep writing. keep commenting everyone Things. So we study six Vedangas here. Are. Your matrix arrives. Verses come goes. You all know the Matrix. We denote people by feet because position

27:57 If it is here then denote it by feet It is done. We are the best in Astronomy Astrology People talk here. this we people What does it denote? From the eyes. Ok? Phonetics education is discussed here Is. Etymology definition is available to you. Correct Is? Grammar this your grammar from mouth this It becomes relatable. Talking about Ritual Kalpa If done then it is used with hands. Its Let's talk about term phonetic education Tell me what will happen to us here? Noose Will come and years in atomology. Now whatever People are reading it for the first time, they will feel like this that I am writing these body part names here Why am I writing? So look at this Vedanga Isn't it basically like a human mail? It has been told that whose different bodies There are parts. Ok? like human mail

28:42 Let us talk about different body parts So your feet position comes. Legs Hum Guy When we speak these verses, they are like rhymes. Correct Is? There we talk about position, right? So that is why it is denoted by feet. You talk about astronomy here. How will you see the stars from the stars? Own You can see through the eyes here so that's why This is related to the eyes. Etymology Nirukta we talk about meaning. It is denoted by year. Because When you listen to your Guru's words carefully Only if you listen will you understand its meaning No. Therefore it is denoted by year. Ok? phonetics know if we here If we talk about education like here Talk about proper pronunciation. How Something is being pronounced. So Your breathing here is also very

29:28 It matters more. so your breathing Who is it related to? It is related to the nose. That's why it comes. Whatever ritual is puja The text is how do you do that? with your own hand You do it, right? Ok? so hands here are related. and Grammar Pronunciation how do you do it? How do you speak? Our You speak through your mouth. So that's why all these Things that are related to your different body parts Things are related here. So these six It is Vedanga. You can also find their meaning in the column Etc. it is asked. So from this You will find related direct keywords here They are available. Ok? pay attention to these things Keep. Look, we have two things: Shruti and Smriti People read. Shruti those things are That only you hear. So in Vedic times Things about which we gain knowledge just by listening The one you are gaining used to be Shruti. And Memory is such things that if we remember them

30:15 Our memory is written as if you You must have heard all those things like Manusmriti etc. Yours comes. So what we remember okay let's remember those things We call it memory. So this Vedic It is related to your time period. This too You have to be careful. Ok? Absolutely very good. Come on, let's come now It is about the Brahmanical period. Even in the Brahmanical period, if we See largely the later Vedic states We have got to see these features. But Like I told you, the class here Our distinction is that it should be a little more Went. Like those who are about different characters We read that there are a few more differences in it Got to see it. Joe Cast Discrimination Yes, you got to see more of it. They are Shudras, now they have to gain education only

31:01 Opportunities were not being given. So all these There is class based discrimination, caste There is discrimination, all this is for you people More to see in the brahminical period found. Ok? This has to be kept in mind. Now Quick features of the brahminical period too Let's see. so the main objective is main What was the purpose? Brahmanical education of the system? those who are students, students They have to be made self-reliant. Spiritual Their development has to be done as spiritual development. Ok? What happened to the educational institution did you do it? So the same Gurukul is here I was also on your side. Talking about teaching methods If we do it then it means verbal education, memorization memorizing, question answer method, Conversational, conversational learning, question answering Method, memorization, oral education, all these are yours The teaching method used to be here. Ok?

31:49 If we talk about curriculum then we will learn about Vedas. In Sanskrit, there is Philosophy, Law There is military education, commercial There is training in Vedas, Sanskrit, Philosophy scriptures, law, military education, commerce training all this was a course for you guys about which in the brahmanical period You were taught. Now here I am I told you that during brahmanical period Caste discrimination is more yours Done. Like according to your caste you Education was provided to the people. Like whoever is a Vaishya, we have You just read that there is your merchant class which is more involved in your business So they have more commercial training It will be given to those who are brahmins through Vedas more about sanskrit about This is taught to those who are your Kshatriyas

32:36 More about military education here It was told that the caste to which you belong You do it according to that, we are here too Let us see that education was provided because as I said the division is That more brahminical aspect of society makes us in the education system or brahminical system Much could be seen. So these things Have to be careful. we are dedicated to student development People talk. such as his moral character Development has to be done. Self-control, self-restraint, We talk about all these things being self-sufficient We do. Ok? Practical Teaching, Individualized education, self-judgment in All things are also discussed here. Is it clear? Did everyone understand this till now? Now look here, if we talk about The most important thing that you will find in the Brahmanical period is We should also talk about more dominating topics

33:22 Can be done. You are also asked who Who was a famous philosopher and his famous books What was it etc. So here I have it for you I have added a list and you can see it in it who are the philosophers and what have they said I have written some text. like Jupiter's Famous Jupiter Sutra. Ok? We of the Mahavihara People watch Aagam literature Siddhartha Gausam we read the buddha tripika tripitaka We read the Sankhya Sutra of Kapila Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Vaisheshika of Kannada Sutras of Gautama Nyaya Sutras of Jaimini We read the Mimansa Sutra Bhadra Vedanta Sutra, this is already famous to you Also look at another one I have posted here I have added the list, you guys please keep this in mind

34:07 ok just like Mudraksha had Vishakha You guys can see this picture You can also take a screenshot. From here you People have a lot of questions about this These will be seen in the examinations. Ok? Mostly your Gurukul system is more Used to dominate. I told you the rest Right now I have given you educational information in the beginning. The list of institutions was given. So your All the Agraharas who are educational All the institutions are also developed here This started happening in the Brahmanical period. Correct Is? So this is important for you. As Ashtadhayi is by Panini. Ok? Mahabhashya whose? This is from Patanjali. So this is some It is famous which you people must remember 100% Where should you ask people questions from?

34:53 Let's go. Let's answer yesterday's question Now yes, you must have definitely got it. Yesterday I asked whose Surya Siddhanta was it? Is? So today you all have got the answer. Aryabhata here is your correct answer. Now let's keep this in mind for next time Don't forget. You also got proof that this Do questions come from the topic or not? Are. So you should prepare well like this Is. Is it clear? Even everyone is well I understood it. now look we are talking Are. These were the core principles of Buddhism. These You guys have to be careful here. Correct Is? If we look at Buddhism There is no mention of any ritual worship here. It has not been discussed in. is there god or not These people were completely silent about this too. In Buddhism it is not said that God exists

35:39 Whether it is there or not, no discussion has been held. If we look at the Four Nobles in Buddhism About the Four Noble Truths The matter has been discussed. Ok? In addition, at the folded path which is the eightfold path through which You can end your sorrow with this It has been talked about here. Ok? About Middle Pad Madhyam Pratipada It was discussed here. what does it mean that Only sacrifice means a lot to us Don’t even think about doing it. As that you people were told in vedic time That you should leave all illusions. Earthly Give up your life. we don't even like that and not too much of what It's a luxurious life, a life of comfort We don't want to live that either. what do we want to do it? a middle path a middle path We have to follow where you can tell some things

36:26 Sacrifice it and also give something of yours There are things of worldly life that you too Follow me. So this is the middle statement Meaning, the middle path is called the middle path There was talk about following up In Buddhism. Ok? of equality here Let's talk. like i said There was no equality in the brahminical system Because the caste based there There is enough discrimination for you to see I used to get it. But in Buddhism we believe in equality Let's talk about it. Only then you will see what BR Ambedkar ji, he introduced Buddhism There was a lot of support. because here at Hindu Society Like Brahmanical System like which your cast is based Discrimination was not working. So We talk about equality here We do. Ok? non-violence is talked about Is. Rebirth and the Karma Cycle of Rebirth in

37:11 Believe in Buddhism in all things used to do it. Now the important thing is that we What are the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path What is the path? a little bit about that too Let's see. what are the four noble truths Has it been said? You will be the first one to feel sad. Ok? It is the law of the world that suffering It will definitely be ours here. and the reason for sadness What is? What is the first truth? Sanskar Of? You will definitely feel sad. no matter how much you Achieve anything but never face sadness in society He won't leave us alone. you will be saddened yes. He who does not have money also feels sad Is. Even the one who has money is unhappy. So You will always be sad. First of all This thing has to be kept in mind. Ok? second thing What is? What is the other thing about our sorrow? Do I talk to you? Thirst. what is craving It happens? What is the reason for our suffering?

37:58 whatever our desires are, means our Desire is the cause of our sorrow. As When you didn't have a scooty then your main The motive then was your wish that we should get a scooter May I get it. Now that we have got the scooter, our mind is I hope we get a car. if you got the car We would wish we could get a Mercedes. Meaning our desires keep increasing Are. So sometimes whatever sorrow we have Our sorrow also keeps increasing. So What is the cause of sadness? the desires that we have Yes, this is the reason for our sorrow. The third one here But what have you said that whatever sorrow there is should end Can be done. Ok? the third one here What is the truth? Whatever your sadness is, you will end it You can do it. How can we end it Your sorrow? By following the Eightfold Path. Ok? You guys have to keep this in mind. Now

38:43 What is the Eightfold Path? so right There should be understanding. Having the Right Thought Needed There should be right speech. Right Action, do the right thing. right livelihood right Live life. by doing wrong to someone about making money by doing wrong with don't think. Talk about right effort. Right mindfulness, right concentration, all this You have the Noble Eightfold Path. The Eightfold Path Which is also called. Ok? this is called three We have divided it into parts. As Right wisdom, we talk about wisdom Are. So right understanding, right thought, right idea Keep your speech right for ethical conduct Take the right action, follow the right livelihood And right effort for mental discipline, Right mindfulness, right concentration

39:28 It was talked about. Ok? in hindi too Let's see. So about the right view I have been told here. The right resolve, Right speech, right action, right livelihood, Right effort, right mindfulness and right Samadhi. So this is your eightfold path, What can we do through this? my sorrow can finish it. so if in your life If there is any suffering then it is the Eightfold Path You can end your sorrow by following yes. Ok? And it is not possible that our Let there be no sadness in life. If there is a world, then there is life There will definitely be sadness too. This is the truth. Correct Is? So, is everyone clear on this? Good Tell me quickly. in buddhism which There used to be an initiation ceremony, what did he tell her used to go? As we read in Hinduism,

40:14 You read it in Vedic period What happened to you? Ahhh What do you say to him? Upanayana Sanskar takes place Was. In the same way, in Buddhism the initiation There used to be a ceremony, what was it called? Please tell me quickly. What is the initiation ceremony called here? Were? The second convocation ceremony was held here What was it called? Tell me quickly. Tell me about both. to the initiation ceremony what did he say? to the convocation ceremony what did he say? Pabja for sure.

41:04 Okay, yes, I probably did the wrong thing in the beginning I had told you but you people have given the correct answer. what was the initiation ceremony called Here? We used to call it Pabja. Ok? and what about the convocation ceremony here Was it called? Sub-estate. Ok? So you guys have to keep this in mind More initiation ceremonies during the Buddhism period At what age is this pubja ceremony performed? Please tell me also what used to happen and the sub-property So you know if it would have happened in 20 years At what age did the Pabja ceremony take place? tell me Your education starts from the Vedic period It is related to how many years Pabja ceremony is celebrated was at the age of

41:56 yes of course syed you will take exam in english too You can give it in English and you can also do PhD in English I can do it. Very good around eight years would have been yours There was a papaza ceremony. So this to you guys too Have to be careful. We are absolutely clear, Bhikshu. Who did people call? who have a full moon Status was available here. Them Bhikshus were called here. In Buddhism. very good. Now next time let's talk here Are. Now your last ancient education The system is that is the Islamic period. What are the main objectives of the Islamic period? Were? So here too we are intellectuals Let's talk about development. inculcation of Islamic Faith. Communicating the Islamic faith

42:43 We have to do it. Preparation for Life Hair After. Ok? Self Realisation, Universal Brotherhood. talking about brotherhood Are. Character and Moral Development, Socio Economic Welfare. So all those things. Now You people here are about Islamic period There are also some features to remember. as I I told you here. In the Islamic period You also had your initiation ceremony. which We call it Bismillah ceremony here Are. When did the Bismillah ceremony take place? So 4 years, 4 months and 4 days old when your When a child is born then your Bismillah There used to be a ceremony. In the Islamic period Which were the educational institutions? So Here we talk about Maktab. Correct Is? What were Maktabs? where you people Primary education was provided to them.

43:29 What we call primary education. And what used to happen in your madrasa? We get the higher education in Madrasa It was provided. Ok? Higher education It was given to you here. so this You people have to take care of all these things. Ok? I don't understand Hindi, it seems very tough. Any No, you can talk in English. Is it clear? All these things to all of you Have to take good care. and here you are what did it teach people about used to go? So whatever is the Quran is ours There are Islamic texts etc. about them We were given more education. clear Is?

44:15 Let us go. So here is your first topic That is how Ancient Education ends. So quickly give me a thumbs up Tell you all to have a quick revision There is no first line of ancient education I am watching it again, I hope there is a revision of it too it happened or they basically understood it yes. A basic overview for you all You may have found it here. Ok? Now look at us People solve some questions Related to ancient education. Then what ours The next topic is that is ancient We are going to start those universities Are. Ok? So the first question is quick Answer it with this. Absolutely no time waste You should not do it. Let's answer the first question quickly Everyone will tell me.

45:07 Vi of the following points include in the Purpose of Gurukul System? So, the Gurukul What was in the system? Self control, Self control is absolutely fine. Preservation of knowledge and culture The protection is correct. Social Awareness, Social Awareness is correct. Personality Development, Personality development is good. and spiritual Development, spiritual development also happens Was. So option number B is absolutely correct. Today I am going to tell you mostly all the PYQs Yes, I am going to get that done. Any new MCQ has not been added. so that you Know the examination pattern of NTA What kind of questions come from which topic Let's go. I have given you a lot of information regarding the rest of the MCQs Have got it done. but at this time pyqs also It is very important for us. Ok? let's have sex sorry next question is this Please tell me the answer. second question its answer

45:53 do it. If you have higher education then it will last long same class. next tell me which of the following is known S The Third Pillar of Vedantic Sathā. The third column is asked of you. Hey D why are you answering? I….to you Nothing was said about withdrawal No. I just told you about the fund This is the third player. Which one is first? Shravan means listening. The second meditation means those

46:39 To contemplate things, to meditate. and the third This is Nidhi Dhyan. those things inside you Bring in. So option number B will be correct right? Here you are answering that D. It is wrong. This is so much more than it needs Don't even use your brain. This is an easy question. Answer in easy way. Let's go to the next question. Now look, I told you to go from here The question has been asked. Tell me its answer. Yes. The odd one out. this is not this Had to do it. Kanchan D will not be there. B is the correct answer. Let's go to the next question. Answer it quickly Tell me.

47:30 Look, I told you about Vihara too It is related to Buddhism. D ka to isi se You have just got the answer. Basadis Jain There used to be a learning center. of the Agrahara Talk this is brahminical learning center And if we talk about Ghatika and Brahmapuri then Small religious centers of learning this happened used to do it. very good option number c absolutely It is correct. There is the next question. Tell What will be the answer to this? look at you all Ancient texts are given. So its What is the meaning? Please tell me that quickly.

48:37 Tell me what will happen quickly? You are definitely giving the answer C. The scriptures are your There are learned disciplines. Ok? Value Took a talk, who do we call people? Agriculture, Trade, Commerce, Animal Husbandry is right. Imagination in poetry, There is creative literature. and here we are People talk about Anvansi. so this logic It is related to you. So option number three. It is correct here. next question is this Please tell me the answer.

49:28 How did it happen with one and two? these are three options I can't see anything in it. Let's quickly move on to the next question. its answer Tell me. I hope everyone is having fun. in class I am getting to learn it. Indian Education The system is generally divided into following Period. First Vedic period then yours What? The Buddhist Era begins. than muslim period, then the British period, then yours Post-independence period. exactly ours This is correct. Option number A is yours here It is correct. Ramayana after Vedic period Period and Mahabharata period does not come. this is it You guys are wrong. Option number A is Correct. Well, the first topic is clear. One A quick thumbs up is a must. Enjoying it Is it or not? Are you not getting bored in class?

50:15 In? Tell me quickly. and only It's not just entertainment, you should also get some benefit Needed Ok? Entertainment is on YouTube There is a lot going on at this time. But The main motive is that you get some benefit We must definitely meet. Ok? Let us go. So The first topic is clear. one time quickly Let's give a thumbs up. You guys should be applauded For. pretty good you guys The performance is happening. at least the kids who live are looking. Come on let's start then Our next topic is that it is ancient Topic of Universities. Ok? Start Do it. Yes ma'am it has been fully revised. a little less stress Happened. Thank you. Let's go. Next Let's start the ancient universities

51:01 Topic. Ok? so ancient universities There are many. like we talk Ratnagiri arrives. Vikramshila, Jagdala, Pushpagiri, Odantapuri, Sompur, Nalanda, Takshashila, Vallabhi, these are already famous for you. So, we will talk a little about it here Let us understand it well. Ok? Let's go. look here now because this Look, this is a topic that you generally read. So we will go into a lot of detail here But I've prepared a table for you has made. so that's to the point sare jo The features are here, keep that in mind. Look now You have a lot of questions in this one We are going to meet you on the slide. what kinds of Can questions be asked? look here you Match people directly based on features Column type queries are created. Ok?

51:49 You will get a sequence of universities It becomes a question. Like I just told you Questions were also asked in recent classes. Which university came first? which later did I come? So Takshashila comes to you. Then Pushpagiri comes. Then Nalanda, then Vallabhi Then Vikramshila. So this is the sequence You also have to take care. what is the location in We should also know about universities Needed Particularly for which subject Are you famous? We can also ask a question from here Let's go. So this table is very good for you. It is very important. You should see this once Can be done. So first of all Takshila you all Do you know that Fifth Century BCE is the best Oldest this is your university. Currenty Pakistan Rawalpindi is in Pakistan. And Takshila University your brahminical There is a learning center. and particularly

52:35 This place is very famous for its medicine Is. Ok? I just asked you a question Had gone. Which university is it No Buddhist Learning Centre? So it is not Takshashila because we call Takshashila Log a famous brahminical learning center I say it. Ok? brahminical learning center these meditation Keep. Then let's talk about Pushpagiri. so this We are in Orissa. is buddhist It is famous for studies. Eastern India is in. We are a very important university People can say it. the gift comes from you Nalanda. This is your Rajgir in Bihar. For Buddhist studies specifically here But we said that it is about Mahayana Buddhism It is famous for. Largest Ancient We can call it university. Let's talk about Vallabhi University. So

53:21 We talk about Gujarat here Are. For Buddhist and Jain Studies He is famous. Secular subject is also yours goes to Vikramshila. vikramshila bihar For Tantric Buddhism in India Yours is famous. Let's talk about Odantapuri Vajrayana Buddhism in Bihar, India It is famous for. Sompur is in Bangladesh. Sompur is also your UNESCO World Heritage The site is. I told you about. Jagdala University Again Tantric Buddhism. Let's talk about Mithila University. so this Your particularly famous for Nyaya Logic Is. You guys have to keep this in mind. Correct Is? You will find a lot of people here Extra features are also asked for. he too Let me tell you. but before that a Take care of the thing. We have four such There are universities in India which Particularly UNESCO World Heritage Site

54:08 has been given the title of. Ok? which ones Is it a university? Revise it once quickly Let's do it. First, we look at your Takshila University. So Takshila The university was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980. It was given the title of heritage site. These Have to be careful. then do it after that Sompur Mahavihara comes to you which is Where is your presently? Bangladesh is in. In 1985 Sompur Mahavihara was also Your UNESCO World Heritage Site It has been declared. Then Nalanda University you all know in 2016 It has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site Was done. Comments from many people the doubts that were coming were coming to me because He has also read in 2009. So meditate Add it to the tentative list in 2009

54:54 Was done. but the final title is Got it only in 2016. So you will get the year 2016 only One has to be careful here. and right now the most The recent one is our Shanti Niketan University. particularly of this which This is our Vishwa Bharti campus The title has been given to UNESCO World of the heritage site which is yours in 2023 It has been declared. Ok? So Nalanda Everybody knows about Takshila, but Sompur and You people will also know about Shanti Niketan One has to be careful here. Ok? clear Is? Absolutely. There is also Ujjain University. There are many like this. Ujjain also you are here You can add pay. I will write it down. Ujjain University I am adding here Am. Ujjain University is for you is it famous? Ujjain University yours

55:39 Astronomy for Mathematical Sciences It is particularly famous. So, you guys add this also do it. Ok? For Mathematical Sciences. clear? Now let's look here as I said We ask questions to the universities we cover it through only because very These are the basic things. We also revise it several times I have done it. my topic in today's class that there are some new and important things These are the topics which we should cover in more detail. Like government schemes etc. they come first We haven't even read that much So, they take a look. So this is your These are universities, we are the ones with questions cover it through and answer the questions Through I will tell you all the features here I will get it revised. So first of all The question is your oldest The university that is Takshila University.

56:25 Please tell me quickly from here what is the answer you'll have to. Ok? tell me fast. See about Takshila University We also revise all the facts. Who was the founder of Takshila University Tell me quickly. Taxila I have the names of famous scholars of the university Please tell me. What was the admission age here? tell me all the features. Ok? Because We are revising through questions Are. So you guys can quickly tell me all the features I will tell you here. the university was a center of her own Kinds We Are Frequently Referred To As A seat of Hindi higher learning in Buddhist

57:10 literature is this correct no i have it yet I told you about Brahmanical Learning Centre We call it that. Ok? The university is in Pakistan. Rawalpindi Kandahar is the capital of the Kingdom of Pakistan And this is the native land of Panini. Absolutely Correct. Panini was a famous scholar here. I just told you about the ones who have a book too. Ashtadhyay Panini which is which subject Is this book related to? so this is from grammar There is a related book. Ok? Grammar Grammar There is a book related to it. so you take care Is. Let's go to Takshila University Who were the founders? Raja Taksh who was the Sun Whose? Of King Bharat. Ok? so therefore It was named after his name. Takshila University. of famous scholars If we talk then Panini is here

57:57 It is there. Apart from this we would talk about Charak Are. Ok? Kautilya arrives here. Ok? So these are some famous scholars. You can also note down their names here. yes. What was the admission age here? Admission Age You were 16th in Takshila University. These Take care. Ok? There are also a lot of these People were confused. 20 in Nalanda Years are yours. And how much was there in Takshila University? Takshila University has 16 here Admission age was . So, all these things to you People have to take good care. Ok? Sushruta was also exactly here. Vishnu Sharma These are all your famous scholars. So their You can keep the name in mind. option number c here But yours is correct. clear? Let go.

58:45 Well here's all of the above. Center of Boling Buddhist Learning Hum Log You can call it but brahminical It is famous for intellectuals because I Think here also you will find Mahayana Buddhism His teaching was provided. So The centre was definitely there. I think this makes sense I have given the answer here. brahminical The Intellectual Centre was the main focus. so that's why Option number D is your correct option here. Ok? Please tell me whether it is correct or not. No degree, no examination. Absolutely. What happened? Everyone's answer was wrong. Chinese traveler visited Nalanda It was not in Takshashila. This NTSC confuses you like this

59:32 By giving the question of. Let's talk next time. Now Look, different universities are given here Is. Which university for what? You tell me if he is famous. tell me fast. yes usually we see that it is right It is needed there. no problem let's check it out will that do. Look, but keep this thing in mind Famously, we consider Takshila a brahminical place. Call the learning center. but in some places this It has also been said that even from Mahayana Buddhism Related teaching is provided here Was. So we also believe this statement 100% Falls can't speak. Keep this in mind also. Ok? So you guys can remember this. Yes absolutely 120 out of 150 will be correct.

1:00:20 is enough. Absolutely. Let's address this question Let's see the answer. We have just read about Takshila It is most famous for medicine. Option number three is correct. Ujjain now I told you about Astronomy Vikramshila University for Tantric Buddhism is famous and mankhet your dual school of This is a thought. So now I have to go to Vikramshila Quickly know all the facts about the university Tell me. What is its location? Who was its founder? Tell me everything quickly. Was it Hinayana or Mahayana? Was

1:01:10 You can read the PDF now. if you read it well I will give it to you because then you will get the PDF If it goes away then you don't read it. Then If there was no understanding then you would know yes. Rest, just focus on studying for now. Now I don't want a single comment. ma'am Give me the PDF and give me this. read it first Then we will think about PDF also. Tell me quickly. Vikramshila University is located in which village How were you particularly established? Tomorrow If you have attended the evening marathon then I told you about that also. tell me fast. So what is the location?

1:01:57 Bhagalpur, Bihar. Ok? Who was its founder? King Dharmapala We can speak. And particularly in Atichak village this Which university was your established in? Is it famous for cheese? tantric buddhism This is what you are most famous for. These We have to be careful. Ok? ok, very good. next we will talk People. Look again, the institutions have been given. You have to tell who it is associated with. Bakhtiar Khilji destroyed it. That is absolutely correct. Logic Grammar is famous for Philosophy. These It is also correct.

1:02:48 Takshila, I just told you Brahmini Nalanda Buddhist Centre Vikramshila University of Learning Tantrik and who is Banaras and Navdeep Universities are the principal seats of learning sanskrit we are I can speak. Ok? So Navdeep and Banaras Take care of the university as well. Sanskrit learning. Around the Temple The universities which you have were built. Like there is Banaras, you know in Kashi. Correct Is? Navdeep, you guys should also keep this in mind. Navdeep University to Naditia I have also been to the university several times by name goes. So that is the same thing for you guys. Option number four is your correct one here. Ok? Let me ask you the next question Tell me. Which is the right choice for Vajrayana Buddhism? Is the university particularly famous?

1:03:37 Such questions have come Rajeshwari. I I told you I am getting all the PYQs done i you. So that will build your confidence yes. It is not that it is just difficult every time We will only be asked questions. Easy Questions also come. see if on n On an average, 5 or 6 questions are coming, right? So you can assume that there will be four questions like this which you can do if you do it well The syllabus is covered. one or two questions We cannot guarantee higher education

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