Introduction to Metabolism

0:00 May God’s mercy and blessings be upon you. God willing, we will start the first lecture in the first chapter of Part 3, which is the first part of metabolism, which includes introduction, carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism, along with omega-3 and bulgur. Okay, God willing, a happy year for all of us. Let’s hear this, God willing, excellent bio and excellent in the rest of the subjects. Let’s go straight to our first chapter, which is something called Introduction to Metabolism. The truth is, guys, this chapter is one of the most difficult chapters of the year. Why? This is the chapter that we call Bio Energy. Okay, Bio Energy, or we call it Introduction. This is what it says in most books. The

0:45 idea in this chapter is that it contains things that cannot be mentioned now. I mean, their place is not here, so that it can be understood correctly and accurately. Their place is, for example, after certain parts of Carbohydrate Metabolism. Okay, what is the solution? This chapter belongs to one of two things. Either it is said at the beginning or it is said at the end. Okay, which school are you from, Doctor? I am from a school that is said at the beginning because I am from the Start with End school. I start from the end. Before I start, I have to see the world in the future, that is, I have to see it with the eyes of an eagle, seeing the whole map. Then I go down and walk on the ground. There is no problem, but I have to know what the whole curriculum is talking about, and even in every chapter, you will find me

1:33 doing something for you at the beginning called a chapter map. This is very, very important in your life, in anything that you learn, God willing. Okay, so I am from the school that I take this chapter at the beginning, which is Introduction to Metabolism or Pi Energetics. But I did something very simple. I took the things that you should not know before we enter and put them in a small chapter like this called Introduction to Metabolism. So I divided it in half. I took the things that you should not You don't know, I put it in this chapter, and the other things are no longer there at all because they were put in their place, where is their natural place? For example, something called Respiratory Chain, and this is one of the most important things this year. Okay, Respiratory Chain, its place in most books is

2:19 in the first chapter, and this is something that you enter and get complicated with from the beginning, and then it comes out again, great like that. Okay, you will enjoy it very, very, very much, God willing, when it is put in the natural course. You will feel it in the lecture before it. When will the lecture end so I can come to the next one for the respiratory chain? This is the only difference. The difference is in the organization and arranging things in their right place, God willing. Okay, let's go straight into Introduction to Metabolism. If you remember last year, what were we doing, Doctor? Last year we were taking something called Introduction to Biochemistry. We were doing an introduction For biochemistry, we say that the subject of bioscience is basically just one word, which is metabolism.

3:04 Thank God, we have reached who we have reached metabolism. Thank God for safety. Okay, they even called it the chemistry of life. What does the chemistry of life mean? It means the chemistry that you live by, as you live or survive in one word only, which is metabolism. I will prove this to you, God willing. Okay, Doctor, you mean that you are opening a channel for metabolism. Excuse me, okay? Look, who was the one who did metabolism? We used to say this in the introduction, is food all food or a little bit of it? No, not all food, Doctor. There was food that was

3:49 metabolic and food that was not metabolic. It was good like this. The food that will get metabolism is carbohydrates, fat, and protein. The food that will not get metabolism is that it will help in metabolism like some, like minerals, vitamins, and water. It is good like this. Okay, now we know what the word is. Metabolism that you were saying, the word metabolism in a nutshell is all the vital processes, all the vital processes that can happen inside your cell, from construction processes and demolition processes, from the anabolic

4:45 steroid, Doctor, these are the processes that I build with, well, they are called construction processes, guys, the anabolic steroid that I make or build with large molecules from Simple 1, I build with it a wall of bricks or bricks, so what do I need then, do I need energy or do I release energy? Of course, guys, I need energy, and when I build, I need energy. So this reaction is energy-consuming, meaning it absorbs energy, so I call it an endogenous reaction. He gives me examples here, he tells me, like manufacturing polysecret from monosecret or manufacturing the crown, which is

5:31 triacylglycerol, from glycerol and fat oxidation. Of course, I’m talking like this. These are things we know. We’re in our second year, like manufacturing protein from building blocks. Its amino acid means it makes large molecules from what, from small things. Okay, what are the things that we just took, carbohydrates and fat and what, and protein, these are the only ones that are manufactured. Yes, these are the anabols, right? These are the ones that are manufactured. Okay, very, very good. Now we know the structure and we know that it is an absorber of energy. Focus on this talk in order to understand what the whole curriculum is talking about. Come on, on who, on the written one. It is easy like this. It is very easy, but this is a big night, Your Excellency. What does the

6:18 written one mean? In very simple terms, it is breaking down or breaking down. Breakdown. It means breaking down large molecules into small molecules. Thus, when I break them down, I will make what? Energy. Right, thus, my name is reaction. What do I call it? I am a reaction. This is an inducible reaction. This is an energy- expelling reaction. Okay, what are the processes of metabolism and how does metabolism work? Let us focus now because this is what We will do it in every chapter, meaning this is like the word “write to me as much” as if I

7:04 am taking half of the curriculum right now or the entire curriculum sketch, so I will focus. Okay, when I said “write to me as much” then what do I start with? Do I start with large molecules or small molecules? No, I start with large molecules and break them down to release energy. Translate now, Doctor. We know that anything we have to say in our language in chemistry, we have to see it with two eyes again by breaking down large molecules, large molecules into small molecules, so in the end, my goal is who is the energy? I mean, when will I be happy? I will be happy when I see who is in front of me with the energy? And if I do, write to me as much, right? It is

7:51 very good, so before, before we see the ITP, no one gets happy. The happiness only comes after we see the ITP. Okay, I have four stages of happiness: I see the ITP. Look, sir, we will talk in molecules. Large, I mean, these carbohydrates will be in the form of polysaccharides. The protein will be fat protein. It will be a crown. I eat them like this. So this is your food. The food that you and I eat. Then this is also the food that happens to it. They wrote to me. It is necessary that we are here when we said that food gets metabolism, which is the anabolizer, right. Carbohydrates and it destroys, and protein is the one that gets it. All the things that we say are okay. I eat carbohydrates, liver, and protein, and I want to get energy now. I want to work on my diet, so it is

8:39 not useful in any way to enter the cell at all, and you are a complex like this. In principle, Stage 1 should be about Dagi Shin and Azur Shin Daej Shin and Abortion. It remains initially like this. In principle, I have something at the beginning of each of the three chapters in metabolism called Dashin and Azur Shin Sweet. Is this or what exactly? I also took out all the beans and seeds. What did I put in a chapter? His name alone is Dajj Shen, why did you do this move, doctor? I mean, I mean, why? What made you do this move? By God, there are groups that

9:25 take the body with metabolism normally, meaning he takes the chapter, enters the chapter and finds Dajj Shen at the beginning. There are other groups that don’t take it normally, they leave it for something else, for example, Alexandria, they take it in a university, they take it in the GIT module, they take Dajj Shen in the GIT. So, the simplicity is over. If you are from a university that has Dajj, you will hear Dajj Shen. If you are from a university that doesn’t have Dajj, may God enlighten you, you will not hear Dajj Shen. You want to hear it, I mean, from the standpoint of knowing something, take your time, you are free. Okay, let’s go back to our topic. So, I am in stage number 1 or the first step to relaxation, and I see the energy that I do Dajj and Abash, and we know that we put them in a chapter.

10:13 Alone, it's very good, of course, the body. If there is any defect in it or any defect in the option, it will give me diabetes. Hold on to this. This is the real bio that will make you feel that you are a doctor. It's not the chemistry bio, the talk about metabolism and ketosis and such. No, this is the bio that will make you feel that you are a doctor. Why? Because you will see clinical cases. Simply put, you will see diabetes and you will know the origin of this diabetes or the medical biome. Yes, the diabetes case. Okay, this is stage 1. So I will bring the simplest thing. I will bring the simplest form of carbohydrates. What is it, God willing? It is monosaccharide, which is glucose,

11:00 galactose, and the vector. Keep in mind that I have learned that the carbohydrates section is basically a metabolic breakdown of glucose and galactose and a necessary metabolism for lactose. Thank you. Okay, the protein will give me amino acids. Fat will give me fat. Okay, thank you. So this is the building block, so we are done. The first stage is good. Come on, let's get glucose and get energy from it. Let's get amino acids and get energy from them. Let's get lipids and get what kind of energy from them. Then who will tell you no? The cell says to you, where are you going? Tell it no, I'm just taking glucose for a while, and I'm going to burn it and get energy from it. It

11:47 looks at you and says yes. Yes. Then fat gets fatty acids and goes on its own to get energy. Protein gets amino acids and goes on its own to get energy. No, my dear, I don't have time for this talk. I don't have time for you. I need only one substance, and that's what I'm going to burn. This is the only combustible currency inside the cell. So, the cell won't burn anything for you. The cell needs only one currency to burn. I wonder who this currency is? Let's focus very, very, very well. This currency is called acetyl CoA. This is the hero of our topic. This year's hero is something called what? Acetyl CoA, when I see the acyl CoA, I start to get happy. Why? Because I know that as long as I have seen your

12:33 style, God willing, two steps and I will see who is the IT bif, I will be very happy, frankly. So, how will you bring the acetyl CoA, doctor? By God, when I bring glucose, I will do something called glycosylglycos, meaning breaking down glucose, and breaking down glucose gives me a substance called pyruvate, and this substance called pyruvate gives me acetyl CoA. Good, up to here, what is it? Up to the acyl CoA, it is perfect. Okay, if I am in the fatty acid, the fatty acid, I do something for it called beta-oxidation directly. A process like this called beta-oxidation. All that I am saying are things called what is pathway, and

13:19 now I know what the word pathway means. Okay, so this is what pathway will work on the fatty acid and bring the acetate, and this is the pathway, which is from glucose to pyruvate. I will make glycosides and from pyruvate to style I will make a substance like this without its name now why not it is not shameful or anything but I mean God willing it will be good in its place okay so the second stage the second stage is the formation of acetyl coefficient we made acetyl coe why so that the cell does not have time for you to bring it a substance on its own every now and then and go burn it don’t bring me comin my dear bring me the substance comin and I will

14:05 burn this substance comin is good up to here the line that I drew is not above the line seconds I will bring another color look sir everything that is above this line in the sus everything that is above the line in cytosine happens in cytosine and everything that is below the line happens in the mitochondria I mean everything that is coming now God willing in the mitochondria mitochondria I mean if I asked you from here this glycosylation above the line where does it

14:51 happen in cytosine then pyruvate comes out and Pyruvate enters the mitochondria, something happens to it, to acyl what, and then this happens, and then this happens, so everything that is below the line, where does it happen in the mitochondria? We've finished with this, three, four, five, seven, or six, that's it. Okay, okay, so we're in the second stage, which is the formation of acetyl CoA. We've finished it, thank God. Okay, first, Doctor, why don't you get acetyl CoA right away? In the mitochondria, it becomes very simple and you enter something called the Krebs cycle. Who will enter it, God willing? Krebs, Krebs cycle, and this is the third stage, but Krebs is not the goal. The goal is that I enter the

15:36 acyl CoA or I enter the acyl CoA for Krebs in order to burn the acyl CoA oxidation and take hydrogen from it. Who do I take hydrogen from? Hydrogen, guys, which is a proton and an electron, this is what will give me energy. I live on hydrogen. Okay, we'll see how, God willing. In its place, where did I go after the acetyl CoA? I went to Krebs A cycle to burn acetyl CoA and take hydrogen from it, oxidize it. What is oxidation? We will say it now in a table like this. The difference between oxidation and reduction is if I remove hydrogen from something,

16:23 then I have oxidized it. So I am oxidizing here like this and burning the written matter, meaning oxidizing it means burning and I get the hydrogen carried on the hydrogen carrier carried on the hydrogen carrier. It is not possible for the hydrogen to go on its own, and if it goes on its own, its benefit will be very little. I want the hydrogen to go on something called what is it? Yes, a hydrogen carrier, the most famous of which are the Na, Fat, Nad, and Fed. Okay, so step number one is oxidation of acetyl CoA and the hydrogen comes out carried on the

17:10 hydrogen carrier, which is the Na, Fat. Let's be easy. We take this hydrogen, which has many things, which are two things: the proton and the electron. We will lower the electron in the energy levels, so that it is in an energy level, high energy, and I will shake it up like this in the energy levels from above. To go down and have energy of course this is talk what does it mean until we take the receiver, God willing, I will take this electron and slide it in the energy levels or transfer it in the energy levels, so it will release energy, it will lose energy. It was in a high level,

17:57 I transferred it to a low energy level, so of course while it is going down like this, what will it give me? God willing, it will release energy for me. I will take this energy and put it and benefit from it in the coupling between or in the phosphorylation of the IDP to the ITP, and we will shake this part even more. In a few minutes, God willing, it will be the fourth stage. What do I do? I take the hydrogen that I brought from Krebs on the hydrogen carrier and go to something called the electron transport chain. What is its name? The electron transport chain because I just now said we will transfer the electron. The electron transport chain means I transfer the electron from one place to

18:45 another, from one energy level to another. Okay? It has another name, its name is Receptor Chain, because reception is very, very important in it. You already have a breath and you take oxygen to oxidize this electron to produce these machines. You live and do this, but in your life, and of course this talk will be easier. One by one, we will repeat the book. This introduction must be done over and over again. Okay, then I will be like this when I make this movement by doing an oxidation of the electron and in At the same time, phosphorus ligation for ADP to ATP, so you will also find that this substance has a third name called

19:34 phosphorus oxidation, which means oxidation and oxidation for the electron, and the phosphorylation for ADP, which results in ATP, knowing that phosphorylation is related to oxidation. This means that when you oxidize the electron, you take it from a high energy level to a low energy level, so the energy that emerges is this energy. What you can do with it is a scroll, and we will see something like this for another two minutes, then we will repeat it like this Quickly, quickly, quickly, what is the cantilever stage, doctor? By God, I bring a large amount of oxygen or a large amount of oxygen. What do you want from an absorbent? God willing, I must go and bring the only substance or currency that can be burned inside the

20:21 cell because the cell is short on time. So I go to glucose and make glycosides into cytosine and adjust the mitochondria with pyruvate, which is a product of glycolysis, and burn pyruvate into acetyl CoA in a process. Then I go and bring the acetyl CoA and enter the Krebs cycle. I extract the hydrogen carried on the hydrogen carrier and I go and transfer it to the energy levels, so energy comes out to me. I do not find anything to do with this energy other than that I phosphorylate the IDP, meaning I put phosphate on the IDP. Tell me, God willing, who is the IDP that we need in the construction processes? By God, yes, by God. So, we bring the IDPs to do what processes with them? Construction, muscle contraction, or NERV. Connection that you do with it a lot of things, right or not?

21:07 This is the energy function in your cell. You originally store it in the ITP in order to spend from the ITP. Okay, okay, what we said, guys, this is the sequence of chapter A. What is the carbohydrates chapter? So what do I do with carbohydrates anyway? I mean, I will go and find the beginning. I will come and absorb them and find that I put them for you as we agreed. Then I will go and find something called glucose because we agreed that the chapter is divided into three things: glucose, glycation, and what is it? And I separated the ITP, which is the three basic monosaccharides. After that, glucose, you will find something called glycosides. You will find that glycolysis turned out to be pyruvate. You say, yes, so we will bring a cool style from pyruvate.

21:52 I say, bravo to you. This is the next lesson. You will find the next lesson from pyruvate to the cool style. You say For me, the next lesson will be Krebs, I say bravo to you, you say okay, uncle, I mean the lesson after Krebs, the electron transport chain, I will say yes bravo to you, you will tell me why do they put it for us first in the curriculum, I mean why do they bring this respirator chain and put it first in the curriculum even though it is something that if it was taken in its natural place you would be waiting for it, I mean you are in this sequence, you are waiting for it to go to the receiver chain in order to get the energy out, but when you take it and get it out and you say what is this, I mean what am I doing here anyway, I am what brought me to the receiver chain, God willing, the world, I mean God willing it will be fine and everything will be in its place perfectly, I hope this talk is not forgotten and

22:39 reviewed more than once because it will make us very, very comfortable ahead, it will make us go, knowing what we are doing, okay, doctor, why is this in the first place, in the natural way they do not hold together, you It needs energy for what to make them together or what is the bond that happened? Explain to me, who are these? I want to know exactly what is an energy bond, right? So let's come to a lesson. You should know something called a low and high energy bond, or know the energy bond. Energy bond. Anything or any bond needs energy to form, and when it breaks,

23:27 energy is released. This is the energy bond. Okay, I divide them into low and high energy bonds, according to what, according to our standard, which is the phosphate bond, which is a high-energy phosphate bond. This bond produces 7.3 from a kilocalorie per mole. Okay, there is a bond that produces less than 7.3. I call it a low-energy bond. Any bond that produces when it breaks, it produces it. Look, guys, the same meaning. Any bond that produces 7 and 3 or more when it breaks, its name is a high-energy bond, or it

24:12 consumes 7b and three of what it is. I mean, this bond that is Adenosine contains phosphate, and phosphate contains phosphate, and phosphate contains phosphate. The bond between phosphate and phosphate needs 7 and a kilocalorie to be formed. A question left for smart people only. Anyone who is not smart refrain from answering this question, with your permission. I mean, when I come to break this bond, how much exactly does he give me? And thirdly, it's okay, so this relationship is considered to be lacking in energy. This is what we are

25:01 living like this. What are we doing now? We are eating, then we join and sleep and get Co-style and go to crepes and go to the respiratory, which you are already breathing to operate the respiratory, so that it can release the ITP's energy, so that the ITP remains set to remain the ETP for a little while. You will find, for example, that NERV wants to do something and go and take an ITP Breaks the bond, the B and B come out of what he originally wanted, this is nice, you tell me, why doesn’t it come next to the receptor chain and take the energy

25:46 it wants? No, I won’t answer you, I mean, no, I don’t know, of course it’s not possible. This is something that happens in one place and this is something that happens in another place. You will tell me, what is the NERV from inside, in the mitochondria and in everything? Okay, sir, but it is not possible to take the energy from here. The energy from here, of course, here there are terrible rules. When we take the receptor chain, God willing, you will find terrible rules in the matter, and the ITP comes out and goes to do its job. This, God willing, means what you will find beautiful things like this. Okay, so we agreed on the definition of the Low and the High Energy Bone. Okay, now, the high energy, I divide them into two things: high energy phosphate

26:31 bond and high energy sulfate bond. The sulfate comes out a lot. T and Rb or T and Tthla and phosphate comes out S and T and seven and four Okay, there is something called phosphoenolpyruvate. We will know what the word enol means and what this compound is, God willing, in carbohydrates, but when I tell you to be careful, this is in a high phosphate bond, then you come and look at this table. Excuse me, I will remind you. I mean, do not worry, but what do you do? Just try to think for yourself like this. Okay, something called caramel phosphate, God willing, in protein. Something called creatine phosphate, God willing, in protein. Something called pyrophosphate, like ATP, and ATP, God willing,

27:17 what does this mean? We will take it at the end like this. Okay, something called Wah, but phosphoglyceraldehyde, the high-energy sulfate, like Active Monin, which is Uncle Sam. We took it before, and we will take, God willing, a lot like this. There is a high bond, anything that contains Co. In the end, of course, we will know in detail that God willing, it will remain in it. It will be saved by the beta kit like the AS. Please do not be scared by the view. I mean, all of this talk is very normal. God willing, what will it be? It is good, in its place, but what is

28:03 important to me is that you know that these are high-energy bonds. So when I tell you, this is high energy or low- energy, it will come to this table. Okay, low-energy, like who? God willing, like the ester bond. I mean, look at this, the phosphate that is holding it with the adenosine. Come on, let's look here. Here is the adenosine and the phosphate. This adenosine has sugar and sugar in the eye, and the eye with the acid, which is phosphate, will be like an acid. This is a bond called what? A bond called an ester bond. An eye and an acid called an ester bond. Why did you draw this ester bond and why did you draw these like this? By God, sir, this ester bond needs four calories to form, and when I come to break it, it gives me a calorie as well. It does not give me 7.3

28:51 from what I do for it. This sign is the high energy bond. Okay, so if you break this bond, you have no energy. If you break this bond, of course, you don't have enough energy. I mean, if you break this bond, how high is the energy, then the ITP adenosine triphosphate is triphosphate. Triphosphate is sweet in Ka Hi Energy Bond in the one between the acid and the acid, the lion and the lion, and between the acid and the acid, not the one between the acid and the alcohol, it does not remain in There are only two bonds that exist between phosphite and phosphite, fot, ale, and phosphite, i.e. phosphoenol, which means an acid like this. God willing, we will see how the enol is a fat, or an acid with an acid that contains phosphate, will

29:38 this bond remain? Ok, the glycosylated bond, the jikook bond, if you remember it, was also coming to remove the water of the D-bond that is also present. Where, God willing, is the bond that is in the protein exactly. That's it. So that's it. It is a protein bond, a carbohydrate bond, and this is the liver bond Like phosphate ester and stuff like that, you will see nice links. So we have taken the and the next thing, I will leave something like this. Of course, read this thing normally, no problem, read it, but like this, it is a section

30:25 below. Okay, another very, very, very important part, something called oxidation vein. What is the red shen? You put it in the anabol. You have to understand that when you are going to do an anabolizer reduction, and the X shen sticks to the cantilever in your brain, meaning I am going to write to me. What am I doing? I am burning the cell. It is already dead. I burned the carbohydrates, meaning I broke it down and got glucose. I broke the glucose, glucose oxidation. I got pyruvate. I broke the pyruvate down and burned it. I got the acetate. I burned it in Krebs. I got

31:10 hydrogen. I burned it here. What came out? The energy came out. So I am going, burn, burn, burn, burn. So when I come to tell you oxidation, please, it is not appropriate for you to tell me what oxidation is used for in construction. No, I use this oxidation in the book. What does the word oxidation mean? It means addition of oxygen, addition of oxygen. But the oxygen is what is added, not the oxygen molecule. If we put oxygen, oxygen like this, and something that removed the oxygen, this would not be called oxidation. It will be called an exchange like hemoglobin when it goes to the Naj and takes the O.T. Like this, I made an exchange of hemoglobin. It goes to the tissue and gives it the O.T. This is how it did it,

32:00 but what? I add oxygen to the compound, so its name is Shhh. A of Yen. Electrons, and I increase the oxygen. Okay, anything I remove an electron from, I put an action on top of it. The opposite. I didn’t read anything. Okay, this is the action, and this is the verse of the action. Okay, sometimes when I come to make, I mean, right, you find the process called Rkt Rkt. What does Rkf mean, guys? I mean, I make a

32:49 reduction in order to make. Well, this is known. Its name is Re. Okay, here is what is here, and the name is nice like this. Okay, I hope this is clear. The things we said here are called Pathways. Come on, let’s see, Doctor. There is something else. Yes, there is something here, and there is something here. The redox potential. Come on, let’s see it. The first is before Bath Wise Wrigley's speech. What about full metabolism? We will leave it in due time. We will leave it at the beginning of the second we met. God willing, we will come back. It's fine. So, this is postponed. We will return to it. So, what did we do in the quarter? I understand, we're done. There is

33:40 salvation in it. Okay. A bushel is equal to an electron. It means love and its ability to accept it. It means love and its ability to accept an electron. Okay. Let's go back to this. This is something that makes me understand the ricin, God willing. You are saying now that this hydrogen is a proton, an E, and an electron. And to me, you are oxidizing the electron. You are oxidizing this electron. Do you have one A which is the text or T? I mean, okay, which is the text A and T and this electron is now holding in whom? In

34:28 hydrogen and oxygen, it is difficult to find out who wants to get the electron. How will he get the electron ? And the proton leaves it, how did he tell you that there is something called redox potential? What does redox potential mean? It means an affinity electron. Not all things love the electron to the same degree of love. No, for me, hydrogen is the least thing in the world. See, they live together and they don’t get along. I mean, the thing in the world that loves the electron the least. So, if you are like this, anyone passing by would say to hydrogen, “Why don’t you bring the electron?” It would say, “Take it.” They wouldn’t say, “Why take it?” Right away, when you bring the electron, hydrogen would say, “Take it.”

35:15 Okay, so any material, any thing, has a lost affinity electron. Any person would say to it, “Bring the electron,” and it would say, “Take it.” Well, the opposite is true. Oxygen is the most affinity electron. So, this is it. Look, this is the strongest person in the world who loves the electron, and this is the weakest person in the world who loves the electron. Can you imagine, exactly as if he was standing on the ground floor, holding your stick tight? Okay, hold your stick tight, what is it? Very much, and you are standing in the tenth floor, and you pulled this strong elastic band, and the two of us became short. The elastic band is a year long, and we

36:02 both pulled really hard, but of course, what were you pulling really hard, holding on to the elastic band? But I am much stronger than you. As soon as I pulled the elastic band a little bit hard, it would slip out of your hand right away. Imagine what would happen to me with my extreme strength, your extreme weakness, and our extreme tension. What would happen, of course, if this is a cell that would actually burn? If the oxygen pulled the electron, that is, from the hydrogen, all at once, the cell would burn, guys. So, glory be to God. Come on to the third donor, of course, so that the drawing is a little realistic. I mean, the hydrogen is holding on to the electron, and the

36:48 oxygen is also holding on. Where am I pulling harder than whom? Of course, here I am pulling really hard. Consider here what is one line. Look, look, even the tie is made, no. Okay, so you are saying here, Doctor, you will do this. It will burn the electron, meaning it will actually pull from the hydrogen in order to release energy. This pull is what will release the energy, but it actually releases one volt in the cell and burns the cell. So God left you like this, meaning no, of course not. There is any material in the middle. First, we show the oxygen and the proton. Right? So any other material that falls between the oxygen and

37:35 the proton in the verse in the event. So when we go to the receptor chain, God willing, we will find that the matter is not like this. It does not pull all the time. You will find some things like this in the middle, some things in the middle. This is a little bit stronger than the proton, so it pulls the electron. This is good. What is it? You know, when I give you a stick in your hand like this and leave it normally without pulling, and like this, the stick will not be played with normally. There is no problem. Okay, this material is stronger in love than this material, but weaker than the material after it. This substance is stronger than that substance in attracting and loving the electron, but

38:22 weaker than the next one, oxygen. There is nothing stronger than it in attracting the electron. That is why we bounce the electron. We bounce the electron in order to take the energy in a dispersed form. We take the energy, God willing, in a dispersed form. We do not take it by stinging and burning, so it burns the cell. I hope that this topic is clear and that this topic will make it easier for us, God willing. The receptor chain is a little bit. It is something we just wanted to mention here in the introduction. Its place is also with the respiratory chain, but I wanted to mention it because it is important and useful to us here and there. The electron affinity is called the redox potential. The strongest one is oxygen. The weakest one is

39:08 hydrogen. There are things in the middle. That is why we transfer electrons to them, and we called this thing the electron transport chain, meaning the chain of electron transfer until I finally reach oxygen and release energy. I will go collect this energy and go and use it to phosphorylate the IDP so that I can get out, God willing, I hope the subject will be easy, God willing. The last thing we will take, what is the difference, doctor, between the word “pathway” that you are saying and, for example, Krebs, what is Krebs? You mean Krebs, what is it like glycolysis, which you just said? Reaction, reaction, reactions, and reactions. What is the difference between these reactions and these reactions? The

39:54 difference is very, very simple. Pathway means a series of reactions, and the cycle, when we hear the word cycle, is also a series of reactions. Pathway, and you will find the first reaction, you will find something called spirit, which is spirit 1. You will find enzyme number one transformed into product number one. We say a series of reactions, then product number one. I consider this as substantia number 2, which is a substance, meaning number where, and enzyme number works on it. Anin, so what product number

40:40 Anin comes out to me, then I consider the product number Anin, which is the substreet number A, so what enzyme number A works on it, and what product number A comes out to me, let's put a little bit of a name for this, the first enzyme is very, very, very important because I usually call it something called a key enzyme, meaning the key enzyme that if you turn on this enzyme, the rest of the pathway works, of course we understand the word pathway, now what it means is clear, it means a series of reactions, not a single reaction, but a series

41:25 of reactions, a substreet turns into a product, and the product worked on turns into a proctor on it, so it turns into a proctor on it, the last product I call the end product, I didn't bring anything new, I mean, by God, its name is the end A product, what is its name? The end product is good, so this is the key, the key enzyme, and the key substreet, the key enzyme, this is like I'm telling you, this is the best thing or the thing that will get the most, who will get it the julich Guys, I have something called Rioli Shin organization. Imagine if I activated this enzyme, we would delete the entire Y. If I stopped this enzyme, I would stop the entire Y. This would be the Ki enzyme. So,

42:12 the group in the middle, what is their name? Their name is Intermediate. What is their name? Intermediate? The things in the middle, I mean, sorry, don’t feel any disdain for them, they are very important, but their name is Intermediate. The things in the middle, okay, very, very, very good. Of course, these enzymes, I mean, something on the margin, this is a very important thing because we need to focus, a terrible focus on any enzyme, why do we take it? Because you will ask yourself a question: Well, if someone, Doctor, has a code for this enzyme that has a problem with it, it has a mutagenesis, for example, it has a mutagenesis, meaning his father did it to him

42:59 or his mother did it to him and gave him a bad gene, or his father gave him a bad gene, for example, for this enzyme, then this person does not have this enzyme. So what happens, God willing, since we In Series Bass, there will be diarrhoea. Of course, the symptoms of this diarrhoea will be what will be the result? Look, I closed here. You expect that the things above the diarrhoea will increase. What will happen to them? Complete what? And the things below the diarrhoea will decrease. There is no enzyme that converts these substantia nigricans into this product. So, what will happen to the things after the diarrhoea? So, I am going to call this diarrhoea metabolic diarrhoea. Of course, metabolic diarrhoea,

43:46 guys, is not just any doctor I know. The clever doctors, by God, are the ones who know metabolic diarrhoea. Those who studied bio, that is, really. That is, it is normal. Everything is basically, what are the diseases? Something on the margin. Let’s go to a clinic for a quarter of a minute and go back to what are the causes of diarrhoea. I have something called infectious diarrhoea. I don’t want more from you. Let’s stay in this diarrhoea, that is, things. How many diseases how many came about either by bacteria, right, or by viruses, or by infections. Well, bacteria have certain symptoms. You as a doctor, meaning, are you in a unit or not? I mean, whatever you are, and you get sick with

44:33 certain symptoms, you will know, God willing, that this is a bacterial infection, and it could be, for example, a little mixed with the virus. So, there is a culture and you will know. It’s normal, there is no problem at all. I mean, where is the cleverness in this? Of course, there is cleverness, of course, but I don’t mean to belittle, but it’s normal. Many people will be like this, but come to metabolic diseases and see how many doctors specialize in metabolic diseases, and you will know the real cleverness. This is what I mean. So, focus here. This disease, of course, you will be consistent with it 100%. I made a collection for you. You will look, if you look in a book, for example, with you, you will find at the end of the carbohydrates in the disease paper. All the diseases that we studied in carbohydrates. Oh, at the end of the protein paper, what Dizzy and also the last lipid There is something called Labdooz at the end of the lipid All the

45:21 cicadas in the lipid I mean we have dizzy in every place It is necessary that in the exam you get dizzy You get a disease No, it does not mean that you will not get sick or that you will get a disease You solve it in the exam A thousand greetings to you Ok, the result or symptoms, what will this cicada come from? Will it come from the cumulative of the things above it and will it come from division C or the deficiency of the things below it The talk is extremely easy Okay, come on, let's get to know what the cycle is and let's trust in God Let's go see what we are And God, I have a spirit One Entered on it Organize number One Convert it to product number H So we considered the product, which is

46:06 number One, this is Hub Street A So we will work on it Organize A Convert it to product number A So we considered product number A to be hub number 3 and so on And the product came out to me Number A3 which we considered to be precursor number 4, okay, let enzyme number A work and I found that the substance was converted into precursor number A. Okay, that's it, I think you understood now what is the difference between alpha and the cycle? The end product is not the start cycle,

46:51 right? Rather, the cycle, the end product, this is it. Where is the end product here originally? Well, here I see the end product here, where is the end product? This is it. This is product number A equals substreet number 1. When the end product is the hope street, start cycle, we call it a cycle very simply. For example, Krebs started with a substance called oxaloacetate, and then I keep going, going, going, going, going, and going back to the start cycle again. Someone will tell me what this is, doctor. I mean, are we going to play in the bio or what? I mean, are we going to enter OxyLite? We enter a substance called oxaloacetate and we go to

47:39 memorize reactions. A lot like this and in the end we return to the same substance I will tell you what is it Glory be to God I do not want to curse but but I will tell you no don’t think like this anyway the most abundant acetate is that you wrap it around isn’t this the meaning of Krebs no the substance inside which is called acetyl CoA acetyl CoA what is this the meaning you want to burn this substance so you get the acyl K and put it in the oxaloacetate you keep burning it and when you burn it and get rid of it who else will remain for you oxaloacetate but this is the meaning of who the meaning of Krebs but in Bath Way like glycolysis I start with a substance called glucose and end with a substance called pyruvate that’s nice so my

48:24 goal was what am I doing my goal really really really that I look for pyruvate in order to have fun right or not my goal is originally that I get pyruvate but here my goal is not that I am the one who does it like this there is no solution other than me wrapping around inside with acetate And outside the butcher's estate, my joy is that my goal is not to burn or to do anything in another thing, that is not the goal. I hope the speech, God willing, will be easy and simple, and I was not burdensome for you in the first lecture, but God willing, every word in this lecture is important so that you will rest after this, and also after this we will repeat some of these words so that life will be easy and simple, God willing. Just a note, if you are watching this video in any way other than

49:10 buying the book and sending me a picture of the form and I enter you on the drive and you download the video as you please and do whatever you want with it, then I do not forgive this method. Peace be upon you and God's mercy