Brief Summary
This lesson covers the music of the Medieval and Baroque periods, including their characteristics, famous composers, and musical genres. The Medieval period, influenced by the Christian church, featured Gregorian chants. The Baroque period, known for its elaborate ornamentation, introduced genres like concerto grosso, fugue, oratorio, and chorale. Key composers from these eras include Adam de la Halle, Johann Sebastian Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, and George Frideric Handel.
- Medieval period: Gregorian chants, monophonic music.
- Baroque period: Elaborate melodies, concerto grosso, fugue, oratorio, chorale.
- Composers: Adam de la Halle, Bach, Vivaldi, Handel.
The Medieval period, also known as the Middle Ages or Dark Ages, began with the fall of the Roman Empire. During this time, the Christian church significantly influenced Europe's culture and political affairs. Pope Gregory I established Gregorian chants as the approved music of the Catholic Church, naming them after himself. Gregorian chants, played during church mass, are monophonic, feature a free meter, are based on Latin liturgy, and use neume notation to set music to existing texts.
Adam de la Halle was a prominent secular composer of the Medieval period. His literary and musical works included chansons and poetic debates. His musical play Jeu de Robin et Marion is considered the earliest surviving secular French play with music and is his most famous work.
The term "baroque" comes from the Portuguese word "barroco," meaning a pearl of irregular shape. The arts during this period highlighted grandiose and elaborate ornamentation, reflected in musical compositions. Baroque music features elaborate and ornamental melodies that are not easy to sing or remember. It primarily uses contrapuntal textures with some homophony and dynamic contrast. Common genres include operas, oratorios, suites, toccatas, concerto grosso, and fugues. Orchestras consisted of strings and continuo, with harpsichord and organ as commonly used keyboard instruments.
Several genres of music were developed during the Baroque era. Concerto grosso is a form of orchestral music featuring a contrast between a small group of solo instruments (concertino) and the whole orchestra (tutti). Concerto employs a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra. Fugue is a contrapuntal piece developed mainly through imitative counterpoint. Oratorio is a large-scale musical composition for orchestra and voices, incorporating narratives on religious themes, performed without costumes, scenery, or action, and usually written in the native language. Chorale is a musical composition resembling a harmonized version of hymnal tunes from the Protestant church.
Johann Sebastian Bach, born in Germany in 1685 and died in 1750, was a religious man whose deep faith is evident in his sacred music. He was known for his compositions for organ, orchestra, and oratorio. His famous works include Mass in B Minor, Brandenburg Concertos, Cantata 208 and 211, Fugue in G Minor, and Toccata and Fugue in D Minor.
Antonio Vivaldi, born in Venice in 1678 and died in Vienna in 1741, was nicknamed "Il Prete Rosso" (the Red Priest) because of his red hair. He was an Italian Baroque composer, Catholic priest, and virtuoso violinist, recognized as one of the greatest Baroque composers. His influence was widespread across Europe, and his most famous piece is The Four Seasons, a series of four violin concerti depicting spring, summer, autumn, and winter.
George Frideric Handel, born in Germany in 1685 and died in London in 1759, secretly taught himself to play the harpsichord despite his father's opposition. He gained access to a church organ at age seven and began to play. Handel is remembered for his operas and oratorios and became England's favorite composer. He lost his eyesight in 1753. His most famous composition is Messiah.
The activities for music module 3 should be answered. There will be no activity for module 4, but it can be used as a reference to answer all the activities.
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Transcript
Full transcript of “MUSIC Grade 9 - Music of Renaissance Period (Part 2) - (1st Quarter MAPEH)”. Click a timestamp to open the video at that moment. Need another video? Use the YouTube transcript generator.
0:01 today's lesson is a continuation of last week's topic this is from the very last modules of music module 3 and module 4. this will be our last lesson for this first quarter period last week we talked about the different elements of music and the music of the renaissance period for today we will discuss another two musical periods the music of the medieval and baroque period as well as the famous composers during this times let's start with the first lesson the music of the medieval period in the year 700-40
0:46 the medieval period is also known as the middle ages or dark ages that started with the fall of the roman empire during this time the christian church influenced europe's culture and political affairs during medieval period pope gregory the first made gregorian chance the approved music of the catholic church it was named after him here are some of the characteristics of the gregorian chants played during church mass first it is monophonic which is music that is written for only one voice or part second it is free meter third
1:32 it is usually based on latin liturgy and last one it uses nume notation which means it is used to set music to an existing text for you to have an idea of what gregorian chant sounds like i will play a sample of it [Music] god [Music] now here are some of the famous composers who became popular
2:18 during the medieval period the first one is adam delahal adam was one of the oldest secular composers whose literary and musical works include chansons and poetic debates his musical play jude robin at marion was considered the earliest surviving secular french play with music this is his most famous work let's now go to the second lesson which is the music of the baroque period in the year 1685 to 1750. the word baroque is derived from the portuguese word barroco which means pearl of irregular
3:05 shape during this time the arts highlighted grandiose and elaborate ornamentation this were clearly seen in the musical compositions created by composers here are some of the characteristics of the music produced during period melodies sound elaborate and ornamental melodies are not easy to sing or remember primarily contrapuntal textures with some homophony dynamic contrast meaning alteration between loud and soft music genres include operas oratorios suits
3:51 tocatas concerto grosso and feud orchestra consists of strings and continuous harpsichord and organ are the keyboard instruments that are commonly used so these are all the characteristics of baroque music during the baroque era a lot of different genres or type of music were developed here are the different genres of music that became famous during the baroque period the first one is concerto grosso it is a form of orchestral music wherein the music is between a small group of solo instruments called
4:36 concertino and the whole orchestra called tutti watch this example of a concerto grosso [Music] this [Applause]
5:22 during the second one is concerto it is a form of orchestral music that employs a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra in concerto merong is a main solo instrument here is an example of a concerto
6:07 third is called fugue it is a contrapuntal piece developed mainly by a meditative counterpoint imitative from the word imitation listen to this example of fugue [Music]
7:00 me my um fourth is oratorio it is a large-scale musical composition for orchestra and voices that incorporates narratives on religious themes unlike usual theatrical works this is
7:48 usually performed without the use of costumes scenery or action it is usually written in the native language for the intended audience here is an example of an oratorio [Music] [Applause] foreign [Music]
8:38 foreign last one is coral it is a musical composition that resembles a harmonized version of hymnal tunes of the protestant church during the baroque era this is an example of aquaral [Music]
9:24 [Applause] now here are the famous composers who became popular during the baroque period first is johann sebastian back born in germany on march 21 1685 and died on july 28 1750. bach was a religious man his personal and deep faith is shown in his sacred music he was known for his compositions for organ orchestra and oratorio his famous works are mass in b minor brandenburg
10:11 concertos cantata 208 and 211 fugue in g minor and tokata and feugue in the minor another famous composer is antonio vivaldi he was born in venice on march 4 1678 and died on vienna on july 28 1741 he was nicknamed il pretty rosso meaning the red priest because of his red hair he was an italian baroque composer catholic priest and a virtoso violinist he was recognized as one of the greatest bhagav composers
10:56 his influence during his lifetime was widespread over europe his most famous piece is the four seasons this composition is a series of four violin concerti depicting each of the seasons spring summer autumn and winter and lastly george friedrich handel born in germany on february 23 1685 and died in london on april 14 1759 despite his father's opposition george secretly taught himself to play the harpsichord at age seven he gained access to a church organ
11:41 and started to play a duke heard him play and insisted on giving him a formal music education handel is remembered for his operas in oratorios handel became england's favorite composer handel lost both of his eyesight in 1753 when he conducted his oratorio samsung a few in the audience were unaware that he had lost his eyesight so sihandel and pepper form non-samsung oratorio but in the alam nangagami audience naha bangsha in a pepper form walanga shang eyesight orsha ibulagna his most famous composition is entitled
12:27 messiah and that sums up all the lessons from all the music modules now here are the activities you need to answer from music module 3 and module 4. answers only for all the activities and as always you can answer online in the links i will post or just write an answer sheet there will be no activity for module 4. just make it as your reference to answer all the activities you can go ahead and finish the activities right after our discussion
