0:00 Hi Hi assalamualaikum friends you don't biodiversity in Indonesia and also in the world it turns out that now many are threatened with extinction do you want to know what are the threats to biodiversity extinction and also efforts to preserve biodiversity yes we learn together with you Um enough white-white cie sama alaikum
0:57 warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Hi back again with me who will accompany you to study biology in this video we will discuss the last syubhat from chapter 2 of biology class 10 namely threats and efforts to preserve biodiversity Before we start learning today as usual Let's pray according to our respective beliefs Pray begins Pray ends there is a video this time we will discuss two things namely threats to biodiversity conservation and efforts to preserve
1:43 our biodiversity starting from the first In the past the threat of biodiversity biodiversity is a very valuable natural wealth biodiversity plays an important role in environmental balance but along with increasingly rapid technological developments will have a negative impact on the existence of this biodiversity in the last friend the rate of decline in biodiversity is increasing rapidly recorded in iu CN or the International Union for the conservation of nature which is an institution that records the threat of species extinction in the world revealed that there are 20 2784 Species in the world that are
2:31 threatened with extinction, this number is almost a third of the number of species evaluated by the IUCN itself. Well, it turns out that the threat of extinction is caused by several factors, including the first is habitat changes. Habitat changes in an ecosystem can be caused by natural factors or human factors. For example, natural factors such as volcanoes occur due to magma deposits in the bowels of the earth that are pushed out by high-pressure gas. The most powerful eruption in Indonesia recorded was the eruption of Mount Tambora in Sumbawa,
3:18 West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia in 1815, whose eruption was heard as far away as 1930 and the death toll was 71,000 people. Pagaralam is next, storms occur because of the height of the earth's surface. The most dangerous of the storms are lightning strikes, flash floods, and also strong winds. The highest storm in Indonesia is Hurricane Markus which occurred on March 8, 16-24, which hit the waters of West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, and also
4:06 East Nusa Tenggara, whose winds reached 230 KPJ. Other natural factors include tsunamis, tsunamis are large waves of water caused by disturbances on the seabed. Well, as we know, the biggest tsunami in Indonesia was the tsunami diet in Aceh that occurred in 2004 on December 26, 2004, where the victims were 230,000 to 280,000 people. Well, that's the change in habitat due to natural factors, then the change in habitat due to human factors, for example, illegal logging and also
4:52 forest burning which are now being carried out, whether for personal interests or for group interests. Well, that's the change in habitat Hi, the second factor is climate change, the phenomenon of climate change is a serious threat to biodiversity with the continued rise in global temperatures, the risk of extinction of plants and animals will also increase. Global warming has resulted in melting ice in the polar regions, resulting in loss of habitat for polar bears and foxes, as well as rising temperatures that cause water bodies in tropical areas to evaporate more quickly, resulting in the loss of high
5:39 habitat for fish and amphibian species in certain areas. The third factor is competition by exotic species. What are exotic species? So, exotic species are species that come from outside that enter in various ways, whether intentionally or unintentionally, something guitar and compete with native species. The invasion of exotic species in certain areas will result in disruption or even extinction of species. endemic in the region one example is in Lake Poso Central Sulawesi at that time in 1951 there was a tilapia fish that
6:25 entered the lake the entry of tilapia fish turned out to be able to cause the extinction of the duck snout fish which is an endemic fish in the lake in Lake Poso because tilapia fish won the competition in finding food then the native fish namely the duck snout fish became extinct Well that's the competition by exotic species the fourth factor is excessive exploitation excessive exploitation is the use of suggestions to exceed their production capacity it turns out that various human activities
7:11 can cause several biological groups to be vulnerable to extinction for example such as logging which causes forest fragmentation as a result what various organisms that can only live in the middle of the jungle can not survive because of the loss of their habitat for example like the parent namely Pongo pygmaeus namely the Bornean orangutan yes Well the parent lives in the forest because of illegal logging then the trees that are the habitat of the orangutan will disappear well As a result of all that the parent is forced to no longer live in the
7:57 forest canopy but is displaced from its natural habitat and can live in parts that lack additional food Well if for example there is a lack of food then it will result This orangutan is starving and over time will die if one dies and all die it will become extinct so yes the last factor is pollution itself there are various kinds namely water pollution land pollution and also air pollution each of these pollution will later cause unpleasant things in the ecosystem where the pollution occurs for example like water pollution water pollution
8:42 caused by waste containing phosphate will result in many algae plants in the waters well this algae will later take oxygen oxygen on the surface of the water later it will compete with the fish that are below it and only exist below it finally does not get oxygen from outside and causes the fish to die and then there is air pollution that can cause acid rain this acid rain can change the pH of the soil that can make plants and animals will die well that is the threat of biodiversity and from some of these factors will later result in the
9:29 extinction of flora and fauna both in the world and jnt in Indonesia itself Well those are some factors that are the threat of extinction of biodiversity Then how are the efforts to preserve biodiversity well it turns out that efforts to preserve biodiversity are divided into two namely ex situ conservation and also ex situ conservation In situ conservation is preservation because we preserve flora and fauna in their natural habitat while ex situ preservation is the preservation of flora and fauna outside their natural habitat
10:15 in situ preservation for example like nature reserves to preserve plants and also wildlife sanctuaries To preserve animals here I take the example of the Padang Sugihan wildlife sanctuary which can preserve the forests of Sumatra Sorry chasing Sumatra while for ex situ preservation for example like the Bogor Botanical Gardens to preserve plants and there is also the Safari Park To preserve animals Well to really protect our biodiversity then there are several government efforts to protect biodiversity the first by issuing
11:01 law number 4 Hi 1982 concerning Provisions for environmental management if you read here there are 24 articles including articles 20-22 concerning penalties for environmental damage so don't mess around if for example you damage the environment later you will be subject to law number 4 of 1982 Hi next there is law number 9 of 1985 concerning fisheries where it is stated that every person or legal entity is prohibited from carrying out fishing and fish farming activities using materials or tools that can endanger the sustainability of
11:46 fish resources and the environment then there is law number 5 of 1990 concerning the conservation of natural resources and their ecosystems, there will be nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries there [Music] Hi, next there is law number 5 of 1994 concerning the ratification of the UN Convention on Biodiversity, according to this law, biodiversity is all elements of the ecosystem that are important to be guaranteed because they play a role in the sustainability of life and
12:33 finally there is law number 41 of 1999 concerning forestry, well, in the article, the implementation of forest protection and conservation of nature conservation aims to protect forests, forest areas and their environment so that the protected function, conservation function and production function can be achieved optimally and also sustainably. Well, those are some of the government's efforts to protect biodiversity, hi, hi, that was an explanation of the threats and efforts to preserve biodiversity because biodiversity
13:19 is a natural wealth which is the greatest gift from God Almighty, so it is appropriate for us to protect and preserve it. Thank you for all your attention, I apologize if there are any mistakes in the words of Faisal, my writing is over, wassalamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh STI is kg, teacher's explanation of the threats to biodiversity and also efforts to preserve biodiversity Thank you for those of you who have watched this video, keep up the enthusiasm for learning even though you are at home and wait for our next video, bye
14:06 [Music] Assalamualaikum hi hi
