Complete Modern History For SSC CGL/CHSL Mains 2023 | Delhi Police 2023 | Parmar SSC

0:02 Let's start with the battle of Plassey is okay so the battle of Plassey was the Major battle from where in a way East India Mainly the rule of the company or the British it starts and we don't say east India Company because East India Company was This was the company which first started to rule India Okay, it is not that directly first The British Government had a rule like for For example, let's assume an Indian The company wants to do business in an African country go for go for business and that Slowly, you start ruling like this The British started to rule in India Many of our companies came and see this I don't get a lot of questions if I let me talk like portuguese dutch it's all pretty companies came to india but which finally at the end who ruled in india that was the british east india company What were the reasons behind this, you can know them here

0:48 So the first major battle that happened was here which proves quite decisive that Was Battle of Plassey of 1757 1757 Prelude To understand the battle, why the battle took place Battle of Plassey which was the battle of Palasi which is Bengal, okay Bengal in a way can speak was the nerf center and speak Bengal can be very rich and very big It used to be a state during the time of the British This beyond control means that a very major could have spoken about control over India and at that time Who was the Nawab of Bengal in 1750 he used to do it was ali verdi khan okay ali After Vardi Khan's death, who can say anything about it his daughter had a son, right The girl had a son, his name was

1:33 Siraj ud Daula is ok Siraj ud Daula came to the throne at a very old age It was not much, okay by Mir Jafar The commander general of this was Siraj Daula You can speak in court okay It is Mir Jafar who wanted him to become the Nawab of bengal first region second region this pral To the battle we are understanding the second region Because the Britishers who were here or who The British East India Company had some He had got the trade rights and he could bridge it were doing corruption, were doing fortification that means they were building a wall okay So all these factors were the reason for this This thing is enough for Siraj-ud-Daula it did not feel right now it did not feel right so this

2:19 Thought that now nothing can be done against the British Something needs to be done and another incident it is said that wa that is called as black the whole tragedy in which it is believed that this is considered to be the ruling party, therefore because this I am not confirmed, okay, that means completely Because in black hole tragedies many The difference of opinions is that the British They say there are a lot of A period of closure of the British inside the cell because of which they are suffocating he died because of but some Historians say that so many people If death does not occur then it is a kind of black hole A tragedy had happened, this too is a prelude to the You can add to the battle because of which These tensions and strife between the The British and the Nawab of Bengal at that time That was Siraj-ud-Daula among them The strife increased and because of this here But the Battle of Plas took place and here the winner was

3:04 The British East India Company and here wins and Mir Jafar commits treachery Siraj Daula would have cheated The British also promised him this that if you will help us Siraj ud Daula then we will make you the Nawab of Bengal and as the British Who did you deliver as promised This Mir Jafar was made the Nawab of Bengal It has been made but what happened here now Mir Jafar was made but not in the same way This brother was not able to walk that much Who wanted Bengal to be like this The British were not able to run it like that Because of this, what did he do that Mir Qasim was fine Mir Qasim was whose son in law? Of Mir Jafar

3:51 He made me sit on the throne but Mir ja jo Mir This is Qasim, he was quite young, okay now this young so he thought why us as a puppet If the British want to remain as rulers then this what did you do an alliance formed one and its yes ok made an alliance with whom nawab of Now it is okay that at that time it was called dh and the The Mughal emperor was Shah Alam II, okay Mughal emperor shah alam Second, it formed an alliance with them and A war waged against the British and a thing to keep in mind is that it is British Who led the British forces? Keep in mind that the British forces are led by robert clive ok robert

4:41 Clive led the British forces here In the Battle of Plassey, Shah Alam II and Who was the Nawab of Awad at that time Shuja ud Daula okay his name was Shuja ud Daula in The three formed an alliance and fought against the British We waged war against them but we were defeated here too Whose is it for all three collectively and Who comes out as the winner here? English East India Company or British East Because now India company would have won here This particular war is called the Battle of Buxar So now the Treaty of Allahabad is signed here It plays the main role in getting it signed hai robert clive's again robert clive comes into the picture who was the first Governor of Bengal was also fine, it was the first Governor of

5:27 Bengal signed two separate treaties Who is Shuja ud Daula who is the Nawab of Awad? and Shah Alam second with a Shuja ud-Din with Daula and another with Nawab of Awa These are Shuja ud Daula and Shah Alam Second's Also keep this thing in mind that like Mir Jafar It was there earlier, okay, he was removed, Mir Qasim came What did Mir Qasim do with the British The British came to know that this Now Mir Jafar will have to be removed again It has been restored here again Two different treaties were signed here Treaty of Allahabad is a kind of dual Dual government starts in Bengal Government Inn Bengal means what does it mean this is it that there are two types of civil rights in this or we can say it was a civil function

6:14 that is, the meaning of civil functions then Civil rights mean the right to collect The tax was kept by the British well the British kept this to themselves and which nizamat function the meaning of the immat functions which the police functions that is The one who looks after the whole administration should give it I gave it in the hands of the nawab who meant that you Look at our name because they don't get anything from it It was nothing to do with me, it was to do with them If this treaty of Allahabad is good from revenue point of view then The conclusion is kind of like whose battle is it of Buxar and because here it is new Even the Mughals lost, so did the Nawab of Bengal He too was defeated when Avadh ever went out of the country

7:00 From here it is believed that somewhere This is actually the rule of the British The battle of Plessey begins or Battle of Buxar can be said right here now But we read some other series of war like that the Anglo-Mysore war was in South India if we go you will know that here was flourishing the Vijayanagara Empire which It was established in 1336 by Harihar and Bukka Butt Battle of Talikota which happened Through him in 1556, this Vijayanagara Empire was established In which the Deccan Sultans attacked I did it and made it completely biffer cat And this whole place is dedicated to Vijayanagara Kingdom completely from this we can say that this is all made up of small It was divided into very small parts If it is divided into parts then one of these will be a small This part came out in Masor region that which we call vadia ok vader

7:48 The dynasty was a Hindu dynasty that Masor Kingdom started ruling here I kept on flourishing it slowly There are different reasons because kings are also powerful and this region was also quite good from an agricultural perspective and locations that Quite from a strategic perspective Dyar Dynasty was at an important location I was ruling here but you should have come here Hyder Ali Hyder Ali as a horseman but does he join the Dyer dynasty or Then Masor Kingdom The rulers at that time were from the Dyar Dynasty He was unable to do anything special because of this The prominence of Hyder Ali increases He went and gave a new dimension to the Vader Dynasty. So the rulers that were there were okay, they were removed Haider himself sat there from the throne Ali was actually Haider Ali's role in this

8:34 in the Woodyard dynasty or in this whole Masor in Masor because it is very important And this Hyder Ali was against the British I used to live in direct conflict, okay Its not good at all compared to the British They were Marathas and they too were supposed to raid here used to come from time to time and because The Marathas were very powerful, that is why whenever they When they came to raid, they defeated Hyder Ali it used to happen and that was some certain part of Now they used to acquire territory and take it away What did the British think? I thought that I too cannot defeat you alone If you find Hyder Ali then why not he who is a Maratha He takes along with him those who are its enemies and we defeat it but when it comes to it In 1750 Hyder Ali came to know that in this way Such an alliance is being formed with the British And among the Marathas, he defeated the Marathas He said that okay we will give you one because you come yes you attack and some certain part of

9:20 If you take our territory then why don't you You took a fixed revenue from us do take a certain part of territory What is the need to attack like this which Hyder Ali neutralized Who calls him a Maratha but here because of this When the First Anglo-Masor War takes place here I think it must be written first jo Anglo Massor War means Anglo which is English and Masor means the one who is Masor When the British attacked the Kingdom The British are defeated here The British score a terrible defeat Because he was alone and Hyder Ali was enough one can say able was general okay so He between 1766 and 1769, The First Anglo-Masor War took place and they were defeated gave whom to the British and sign here treaty of

10:07 Madras Treaty of is signed here Madras is under the Treaty of Madras It is said that whatever we have Other's territory i.e. British and Hyder Ali said that if each other's territories are Some Occupied Ali had promised to return it and in future If anyone attacks the other, then will protect each other if suppose for Example: Someone attacked him, Haider The British will come to Ali for help And some are stuck on the British, some on the Attacked, Haider Ali will go for help But this did not happen when the Marathas raided from where in Mysore this time they are not Britishers, that is they Direct violation of Treaty of Madras and who did not like this thing, Hyder Ali and then gradually the British thought

10:53 Then we attack Massor, then the second Anglo Mysore War takes place from 1780 to 1780 here in the middle of 34 Treaty of Bangalore would have been signed here also and here's the actual in balance in match draw becomes draw So the reason for this is that it Hyder Ali dies this second During the Anglo-Masor War, Hyder Ali Death occurs due to cancer, it is not that Death occurs in war due to cancer and His son was Tipu Sultan Tipu Sultan, they take this war forward but No final conclusion could be reached on the war So because of this both the teams thought that let's and let's draw the match now it's okay and Your Treaty of Mangalore ends

11:38 Third Anglo-Masor War starts again now Because Tipu Sultan was the main and now the third When Anglo Massor War takes place then here It's not just the British who attack directly They do it with the British as well as the Marathas There were Marathas here and when their of the British and here in actuality The Nizam of Hyderabad was also with them okay for these people and these three said to each other that the three of us will do this Let's defeat the Masor Kingdom and win We will acquire any part among ourselves will be divided in the third Anglo Mysore war Tipu Sultan is defeated, it's ok Who will be defeated, Tipu Sultan or not only is there defeat but also whatever All these people acquired the parts They took it away, okay, we distributed it among ourselves also acquired and at the same time 3 on this A penalty of crores was imposed on Bhai Saheb

12:25 If you were not able to give one and a half crore then give these He was the son of Tipu Sultan and his son was the first to be elected as the new Prime Minister. The Englishman took Colette as a pledge in a way that When you return we will give you both Tipu Sultan will return the children I did all the work and returned Rs. 1.5 crore and this This is the Third Anglo-Missor Treaty of Seringpatam ended because Seringpatam was the then capital of the Masor to There Treaty of Seringpatam what happened and under this treaty I I have told you right, that is Tipu Sultan that Tipu Sultan had been defeated now I had to take revenge because it was an insult to them Gango also won the Third Anglo-Muslim War What did I and Tipu Sultan do for this did he want to take help from the French who french were french these The French were direct rivals of the British The reason for this was that it was not in India

13:12 The reason for this was hidden in USA also It was a colony of the UK i.e. the British because they also had a colony and who They were French and were supporting USA of those who are fighting for their cause Independence: The British had kept rods there Support there against the Britishers who were these Frenchmen whom did the USA to the people i.e. under whose direct Were going against the people of UK Because of this British rule here also both there was a rivalry going on between okay and because here in between these two He had a rivalry going on there here The result was seen directly and Tipu Sultan was close to the French were getting closer in the sense that they There is a Jacobins club there, French There was a revolution going on there, which was French The Revolution was fought there by a Jacobin club it was established there in France

13:58 He founded the Jacobin Club here action is ok a treaty of liberty sorry Tree of Liberty was planted here and Who was Tipu taking help from Napoleon? Sultan come here and India is here Invite them and help us too. to remove the British from here and Because even Napoleon was against them This is what they have against the British Who got to know about the British and when this When they got to know about this, they immediately made another attack Who did the British attack in Mysore? And here death happens completely. its ok right away within i think seven days only tipu sultan ok tipu died tipu The sultan dies here and After this this is the death of Tipu Sultan after that a puppet ruler was placed here goes to the Masor Kingdom and he Subsidiary alliance is signed

14:44 Now what is this subsidiary alliance now We will study it, okay I hope it is Anglo Massor verse will be cleared series of Anglo Let's see the Maratha verse, okay after this Series of Anglo Maratha Vas are So the Maratha rule is right behind this It's a very long story, I mean a very long one wide story so that is such a long story You don't need to know, just look at this In your exam he will ask you when did you have a brother And with which treaty did the story end? Okay. There is a need to know life here right now Well when I see you modern If I teach history then all the things will be there I will read the story and everything else for now. Just when did it happen and by which treaty did it end? If it had happened then it would have been the First Anglo Maratha War That would have been between 1775 and 1782 and it ended with the treaty of Who ended with the Salbai Treaty of 2012?

15:30 First Anglo Maratha War but two more in between There are also treaties called Treaty of Surat and treaty of Purandar actually there is one Raghunath Rao They are a bit rebellious by doing this and they go to Surat separately and sign a treaty Let's sign with the British Help us to become a Peshwa because He was not being made to become Peshwa That means they tried their best He even got his nephew murdered but Still he was not able to become a Nawab, okay No sorry, I was not able to become a Peshwa and in that The main role is somewhere of Nana Fadnavis ji also because they wanted it not to be Who is right Raghunath Rao in Surat? Raghunath Rao said ok Raghunath Rao said I signed a treaty with the Britishers, okay? yes and britishers ok when was it signed It is important that in between it Maybe he won't ask you about matching

16:16 It is possible that when was it signed, it was in 1775 and This is the Treaty of Purandar, it was signed in 1776 but finally the Anglo Maratha war ended This happens according to the Treaty of Salbai okay treaty of salbai to second anglo If we talk about Maratha grooms, from 1803 onwards It lasts till 1805 and this is the end of the treaty of Basen okay from the Treaty of Basen and which The Third Anglo Maratha War takes place from 1817 lasts from 1817 to 1819 and Three different treaties are signed here He is the one who signs the Treaty of Pune Whatever the Peshwas do, they do it right Treaty of Gwalior was signed with the Peshwas Is Scindia okay? Scindia and the Treaty of Mansour

17:04 Mansor signed for Holkar As if Holkar had actually ruled in Indore Scindia was ruling in Gwalior The Peshwa was a Maratha, all these people were completely Maratha There was an empire and these were its divisions in Gwalior J Scindia was ruling Holkar in Indore Bhosle was ruling in Nagpur All this was happening in the entire Maratha division sub units so we can speak with them If we sign separate treaties here then three When did the Anglo-Indian War take place and which treaty was signed when? It's signed here just so you know if needed then let's move ahead what is the Subsidiary Alliance Subsidy Alliance which is It was a concept that could speak French There was a Governor General whose name was This is kind of the brain of Duple Duple It was a child but in actual it was used for that was done in india by lord wellesley

17:49 One should not use the name of these people as Lord In front of Wellesley Wellesley said this Introduced in India, watch here We can say that Dupleix introduced but majorly Wellesley used it, which that a general of the British East India Company He was the Dupleix of France in 1798 This subsidiary alliance has come, now this subsidiary was in the Alliance Was any Indian ruler who was a security officer? threats was anchorage to seek help from and enter into an alliance with Indi English The English Promise to Protect the Ruler from external attacks and internal Revolt under the Conditions and the British under the Conditions Troops would be permanently placed in the Territory of the Subsidiary State the Ruler Would You Help Us? Would You Have to Pay for the Maintenance? of the troops he could not form an alliance

18:35 with any other power without the permission of the in English it means that any Ruler if subsidiary Lions signs Then it will become a subsidiary of the British. will protect him i.e. the British That means the British will protect him If there is any external attack against him it happens then there is an internal revolt We will protect him but for free If you won't protect, how will you protect? We will do that one whole army at a time we will do it for you in your territory We will build an army station for that ruler a British man will have to pay will remain permanently inside the court, you are fine he too will have to pay that ruler okay and why were you doing all this

19:21 Why this concept of subsidiary alliance this Wellesley had brought with him and why was he They were being made to sign because they were threatened was from the French, was from Napoleon For this reason a provision was kept here It was said that this subsidiary state The one who signed the subsidiary alliance is someone any ruler or any other let's say with some other company or Then alliance with a company from another country I cannot go and if I have to go then We will ask the British first for everything I will ask the British about any ruler Neither can we go to the alliance nor to anyone else With another company from another country There were such provisions in it with the company Just what were these people getting out of this We just want to protect the subsidiary states will do you external or internal

20:06 Subsidiary Lions from Attack or Revolt If we talk about then first of all here It is signed, Nizam signs off Hyderabad which was the Nizam of Hyderabad, this was called signs in 1798 and that's why The Nizam of Hyderabad is supporting this This was done in the Fourth Anglo-Masor War Whose Why of the British because it is a sub-state It was already his cup of tea so he supported him Clearly, the Nizam of Hyderabad ended the Mysore because I just told you when this The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War ended in 1799 So the puppet ruler was forcefully placed there And got him to sign a subsidiary alliance Okay, so these people from Masor also I got it signed, it's clear till here

20:53 Even everyone is clear, some know something else there is no doubt Is move forward doctrine of lapse once i would see the comments hmm ok in 1798 ok exactly didn't i write that on this let me write it down in 1798 okay in 1798 and When did Masor do this in 1799 because when After it is over, your gift to Tanjore also did in 1799 keep in mind in 1799 And Awadh writes here that I am fine Awadh signed it in 1801

21:40 Oudh signed the treaty in 1801 Then comes the doctrine of lips which can be grabbed Niti says this was brought by Dalhousie meaning This is the same thing as someone else's concept Who used it well? Dalhousie Dalhousie introduced it in 1848 time p and under it was whether any A Kingdom That Has No Natural Hier okay naturally higher means that like Assume he is a ruler, he doesn't have a son of his own is not liable, then the one who Britishers yes the britishers are responsible for this are you understanding what it means if we accept He is also an adopted son, he is a ruler, he has no son

22:27 No, and if he is an adopted son then he is an adopted son Only then can one be the owner of this entire kingdom If the British wanted it to be so and if not in the Doctrine of Lapse So the British have ownership rights over it is like this after that ruler left Doctrine of Lapse is Doctrine of Lapse Gradually, many territories were annexed under Was it acquired by the lodges or the British? Satara in the first place came under its clutches Year 1848 Satara Dan Sambalpur Jaitpur and then Jhansi and it was one of the reasons why our queen Lakshmibai ji is the one who fought in the war against the British in 1857 Did you participate in Revolt? Okay. Doctrine of Labs I hope you have understood Dal House 1848 and Satara first came under it

23:13 It was acquired and at the time of delivery something else There are also things you should know such as Postal stamp service was started Postal stamp is fine at this time only and which is the first train service Train service was also started in Lahouz what time in the year 18533 before the revolt of 7 You had some small revolts It is fine in small spaces such as The Sanyasi revolt first happened in the Year 1763, this means very important It is not possible to ever ask this in matching that's why I put them here okay Joe Packer's Rebellious happened in 1817 Everything is fine in Orissa Jag Bandhu everything is fine in Orissa

24:05 Bandhu Vidyadhar led this, okay Vidyadhar packs Ray Bellion 18785 40 was born in Punjab Baba Ram Singh led it in 1937 Correct Baba Ram Singh had led it Indigo was produced in Punjab in 1840 If we talk about Revolt 18 then it will happen later This happened after the 1857 revolt Nevertheless, I have added it here. Because it is important, this happened in 18509 which is Nadia district of West Bengal There and this Deen Bandhu Mitra Deen Bandhu Mitra ji told me to keep this thing in mind that It was Bandhu Mitra ji who had written a play It was written in the name of Neel Darpan Neel Darpan

24:52 He showed this thing in it What did Indigo Revolt have to say about this that The Europeans were planters and forcibly brought Indians who They were farmers and they were forcibly telling them that You should cultivate indigo because They used to get good revenue from it but This whole revolt was against this in 189 in Nadia district of West Bengal To whom Deenbandhu through Neel Darpan Mitra ji showed ok shaved Let's talk about pricing Ho and Munda Pricing which is called Ulgulan of Pricing also known by the name ok This is known as the Ulgulan Uprising It goes and this was your And the outsiders were mainly either the landowners They were big, they could have been Indians as well and These people told the Britishers Dus the cuss means outsiders are okay

25:40 So this guy was against their cross Prizing or rebellion arising because Birsa Munda ji led it. so this arising was named after him The name is okay and Santhal The rebels were led by Sidhu and The two brothers were Sidhu and Kanha They were led by 18552 Revolt Pe This 1857 Revolt Kefir All the regions were economic regions were political There were regions and there were military regions as well right now Along with these regions there is also an immediate region or there was an immediate cause as well, see it was What about them, against the British? So the anti-sentiments that have been there for a long time

26:26 Anti-British sentiments develop were doing it like those who were doing it The doctrine of lapse has happened ok A subsidiary alliance was formed and some religious There were also causes such as for example which People were serving in the military who When they were serving Indian food, they thought that You can also be sent abroad and at that time this belief was prevalent in Hinduism that if you crossed the ocean, then your Purity will end and you will again become a Hindu If you don't stay then these kind of things were okay And then there are all these causes in it It kept developing and then came your immediate The cause was the use of greased cartridges that is used for grease cartridges Gregg Cartis It got around there that The cutlets have pork in them you know There will be pigs that poke their meat

27:13 They say that they are Muslim or Islam In religion it means very much it is prohibited and this also means that There is beef in it, which is the meat of the cow. It is being added and it is in Hinduism of course that's not the case so that's a meaning These were all the causes which were immediate were gradually developing and Quite like the Indians in the military A ball was being bowled against him while serving personal service Could be that double standards were being used British means those who are British Soldiers were a different kind of treat for them treatment was being received and the English Soldiers were different from those who were Indians Soldiers were given different treatment okay so all these things were developing It was happening but this was your immediate cause the immediate reason was the use of grease Carthage which led to the revolt of 1857 happens and this 1857 revolt is called different

28:01 Leaded by different people from different places like If we talk from Delhi then General Bhakt Khan took the lead alright General Bhakt Khan led this in Delhi from and if this does not happen then in the option you have Bahadur Shah Zafar ok Bahadur Shah Zafar will get the second option because it is at this time The Mughal ruler at that time was Bahadur Shah Zafar II ok because he was not that able ruler General Bhakt Khan was leading the violence in Because of this, both options can be there and If I ask you who was the Mughal ruler at that time It was Vaj Bahadur at the time of 1857 revolt. Shah Zafar Second led from Kanpur Saheb said it is okay Nana Saheb after his death Later Tia Tope took the lead

28:57 Maulvi Ahmad Ullah led from Faizabad You know this Rani from Jhansi Lakshmibai Rani Lakshmibai's childhood photo Tell me her name, what was Laxmibai? Ok Laxmi Who led from Bai and Bihar, Kunwar? Lion Kunwar Singh took the lead and the rest were Childhood name was Mani Karneka in short Manu ok ok who led from bareilly Tell me quickly if you are from Bareilly then Bareilly Khan Bahadur took the lead, ok Khan Bahadur Now because this movement was the 1857 revolt it is not organized It was not organized, it was leaderless, can't be said there wasn't one common leader right So it was organized, so it was leaderless, that means

29:44 The leader was leaderless and it was an All India There was no movement, okay it was not an all India This movement is also your all India movement It was not there and hence it failed and a lot could not last for days and The British suppressed it very easily The British did it, so did Sapre But we also get to see its after math The after math was that after the 1857 revolt after [music] i.e. now the rule of the East India Company There will not be a direct British Crown

30:31 He will lead, rule here in his name If this happens here then it will happen in East India The company was completely finished and we I saw that the position of the Secretary of State Secretary of State was created, which Sitting in the British, he was the master of Indian affairs. to manage or to manage Indian affairs This will be done by any member of the British cabinet There will be a parliament which will represent the whole of India You will see what it is like and the British Will report in parliament ok Secretary of State and his assistant A 15 member council was also given to do this Okay, it was also given a 15 member council okay and viceroy who was the governor general He was made the Viceroy and the first Voice Who was Roy Canning because he was the one who fought in 1857 The revolt happened during Canning's time O.K. Canning was the then Governor General of

31:17 India was there and we know that then that thing If your voice is converted to Roy, then the first Voice Roy Canning is here ok now Commentary on the revolt by VD Savarkar 1857 Revolt was called First War of Independence said okay first war of Independence RC Majumdar said need it Was it the first war of independence? This was completely explained by Veeri Savarkar ji I told him I completely neglected him, need it Habitat first neither it was the first nor the war Off Independence is what RC Majumdar says and S.N. Sen said it was a completely leaderless

32:04 and not an all india movement leaderless or not an all india movement this is SN Sen ji had said that it is ok a little bit of this He asks more about Savarkar ji because he I said that it was the first war of Independence is fine, that is, the first day of freedom War is different land revenue system Let's understand it and then start which are the main parts of our history after this It will start from the Congress onward and The Gandhi ji is the main question there From this you are made who is Gandhi Nera and who If Congress is there then it is okay, so it is different Land Revenue Systems read that Three main land revenue system came into existence in 1793 Your permanent settlement came first in okay permanent settlement which we It is also known as Zamindari (landlordism), okay Then yours came and who brought this?

32:49 Cornwallis introduced it okay Where did Cornwallis introduce it But I introduced this Bengal of yours wala pravish was ok bengal and one Second was Bengal which was a province and Bengal End Bihar second then 1820 and what was it here In the Permanent Settlement it was stated that the revenue Revenue was fixed It is fixed only then it is called permanent The settlement was brought here in this People from Bengal and Bihar in particular region brought to the region from Cornwall in 1793 and it was fixed here revenue and to whom that revenue was to be given to that particular landlord whosoever

33:35 Hereditary rights for particular land From where taxes were given to that landlord or to collect revenue and The British had to give it and if they did not give it There was a sunset clause in it as the sunset was setting that if it is not given till sunset then They will take away your retirement rights and they will give it to somebody else and if you give These are your hereditary rights They will remain intact, that means your He will go straight to his son This is how everything will go after that That means you have to deal directly with the landlord here The donation was being made here in 1820 i.e. that which is the Madras region Madras and Bombay here Rayatwadi System Introduced as Rayat Wadi What did the system say? Rayat wali system He used to say that we directly contact the citizens i.e. which is a pageant which is directly for farmers We will deal with them, who brought this in 1820

34:20 It was brought by Alexander Reed and Monroe ok alexander Reed and Munro Munro introduced it then comes last that was In 1822 Mahalwadi The system is ok Mahalwari system It is introduced in 1822 where Holt Mackenzie is a Holt Mackenzie Introducing Where are you? I will write it here. This area here is Madras And it should be brought to the Bombay area brought okay and keep in mind that it was based on the Ricardian theory of rent Okay, this is your Ricardian theory. Keep this in mind that it was based on off-rent Ricardian Theory of

35:07 Talk about Rent Mahalwari System for 2 years Later in 1822 Holt Mackenzie brought him to But this one from your Punjab and Joe N It is a WFP region, it is fine there This is Punjab and N WFP region is that is north west front province now Come associations formed before the Congress is the Congress the way we have just now I saw that before the revolt of 1857 took place Some small revolts happened in the same way When the Congress was formed into some small organizations that we should know When should it be built and who built it? East If we talk about India Association

35:55 1866mhz public meeting in the year 186 7 You may see 186 7 somewhere and somewhere there is [music] 18704 let's do it MG Ranade ji ok M g ranade indian leaks in the year 18753 by Anand Mohan Bose and Surendra Nath Banerjee Anand Mohan Bose and Surendranath Banerjee Surendranath Banerjee this is my main Indian

36:42 The founders of the National Association were from the East In India, the same thing is repeated, I think yes ok then yours comes to bombay Presidency Association in the year It was established in 1885 and is located in Madras Mahajan Sabha also 18848 5 is the same year when your Congress also Well, all you have to remember is this that Badruddin Tayyab ji Main was its founder ok Badruddin Tayyab ji and remember this There is no need to do this because There were three or four founders of this, okay M Virag There was one person who did the chair, okay P Thyagaraja was there There is no need to remember them all because He won't even ask where there are multiples there he doesn't ask okay so And the rest of these that I told you about, year and

37:28 You need to remember those who were the founders okay then let's come to Indian National When did the Congress become the Indian National Congress Who is the founder and when and where was its first session held but it happened and who presided over it then Founded in the year 1885 Made in 1885 Indian National Congress was its founders The main founder was Alan Ottowin Hume who that an orthologist Along with this, its founding team also included He was our Surendranath Banerjee Ok Surendranath Banerjee was Dada Bhai Naroji Anand Mohan Bose was the founder of this Evolve was in the team that became Congress Its ok the first session which was held Where did it happen in 1885 and who did it?

38:15 pressa id did tha where and who pressa id it prisa Idedeo Gokul Das Tejpal Sanskrit College OK gokul das is Tejpal Sanskrit college and it was presided by vamesh Chandra Banerjee who pressed him It was pressed by Vamesh Chandra Banerjee ji I did it, it's ok, something else Important session, we will look at Congress but before that let's go to congress It is an important session, we will see it later But before that some theories were given Regarding the formation of Congress which Everyone was happy that Congress was formed

39:01 were not there meaning like Lala Rajpat Rai If it happened then he was in opposition to it and he was their It had to be said that this Congress, this Pressure is slowly building up in India release him against the British The British have made it a medium to Who said this, Lala Lajpat Rai We call this our safety wall theory the safety wall theory not the way it is There is no access in a pressure cooker which There is pressure to release it it happens to you, it is fine in the same way lala Lajpat Rai ji said that the access which Pressure against Britishers is developing This Congress has to release him Conception Theory RP has been formed Who gave RP to Dutt ji? Dutt and Joe Lightning Conductor Theory

39:47 Gopal Krishna Gokhale ji gave the lighting Conductor Some important sessions of the Theory Congress Let's see who comes to Bengal after that Partition took place because some of the Congress This is an important session from where you get your questions I am good at your exam, let's go Important Sessions of First of all, the first session of the Congress was held we saw exactly where it happened and most First this question asks that what is the first and Which was the session of the Congress where the National Which song is ours that was sung? This was the session where the National Anthem was first sung Which session of Congress was it sung in

40:35 Which Gandhiji called the only Congress It was a session which was presided over by Gandhiji okay he asks this question and Joe Annie besan hain she was the first maman to pressa id the congress the any session of Congress or the first Memon president of congress was annie besan ji first indian Sarojini Naidu was a Memon president. Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian Memon When did he become the President of the Congress? In which session were they pressed? If we talk about the national anthem then

41:25 In 18960 it was in Belgaum, Karnataka which The session was done, it was pressed and The session of 1925 was organized by Sarojini Naidu He was imprisoned in Kanpur, okay? If yes then you should also know some important things and the rest should be Muslims first Who was Badruddin, President of Congress? Tayyab ji was there, okay Badruddin Tayyab ji was there earlier There was a Muslim president and George Yule was right George Yule was the first English President When the Congress was formed, at that time Who was the Viceroy at that time? The Viceroy was Dufferin And what did Dufferin tell the Congress? Dufferin had called Congress a factory of sedis a factory of sedition said Who gave this to the Congress, Dufferin and

42:10 Congress was formed at the time of ok and Rukmani Devi Arun take care of this She was the first woman to address the gathering who addressed the Congress The first woman president was Annie Besson Sarojini Naidu was also the Indian Woman President But the one to address was our Rukmani Devi Arundha just arrived in Bengal Partition And this is very important for your Bengal Partition is very important so let's talk why did Bengal get partitioned Why did the partition happen? Bengal is a very big country It was a province, okay, it was big, it was quite big and there was also a nerve center which was also anti British sentiments were developing It was the nerve center so the British thought that this If we make the nerve center V then The sentiments that are against us, The problems that are coming, may those problems be reduced further When she goes, she thought, why not give it to her

42:57 What will happen if we partition it? What will happen is that we adopt the policy of divide and rule Will you be able to play this game by separating Muslims from Hindus If we give it then the question arises how to separate it We will give it to Hindus and Muslims because this is East Wala Part Eastern Part of Bengal This was a Muslim majority area which is present The Bangladesh that you see in the day If I am talking then Bengal happened first If he used to do it, then muslims would live there and there was a Hindu majority here and Different language was spoken, Hindi Bengalis, all these are in that line, this division These people thought of doing this but what is the reason He gave the administrative region region that due to administrative reasons Because of the administrative region this is Bengal is dividing it, divisions are being made We are doing it but what was the actual reason This was a small region because It was huge, the population was huge

43:43 But the main reason was that the Hindu Muslims should be divided among themselves I was the main one so he called Bengal as East Divided into Bengal and West Bengal Gave the announcement of this, the announcement of this that we will divide Bengal this was done In July 1905 it was done by By Curzon because at that time the Viceroy was that was Curzon and in actual fact this partition was enforced that was in the year october When did 1905 happen and when was it enforced You should know why it was done you should know then you understand that the language on the basis of and and on the basis of religion it it has been distributed now when its first

44:31 You can speak as soon as the announcement is made that movements have started, protests have begun This happened and people started protesting against this brahmin Other big leaders of Bengal Partition They also started protesting against it, now its If we talk about how the protest took place How did this movement spread? It was like for For example here the song becomes a theme song Vande Mataram emerged which is Vande Mataram theme It emerged as a song and this song became so popular Anti Joe protest sung Ye Joe There was protest that this The British banned its public display A ban has been put on singing itself, okay? right here at the time of its movement Who wrote Amar Sunar Bangla on this Rabindranath Tagore who later became Present Day Bangladesh National Anthem

45:18 People tied Rakhi on each other's hand to show the unity right now the spread of this That different people from different regions have used it lead can be spoken in a way such as Bombay and Pune are better than Pune and Bombay It was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak If we talk about Delhi then from Delhi It was led by Syed Haider Raza, it's ok Syed Haider Raza led this if Let us talk about Punjab, this was led by Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh Ajit Singh who was Bhagat Singh ji was his uncle, that's right and This happened and yes Madras Led from Madras by V.O. Chidambaram Pillai ne ok tambaram

46:06 Pillai ji led it in Madras Now as we move forward we will see gets that two important One of the sessions was on Bengal Partition The Benares session was held in 1959 which was id did Gopal Krishna Gokhale who was our Gandhiji's political guru is also known as He and the Calcutta session It was done in 1906 and it was called Prajnai Dada Bhai Naoroji and this Calcutta session it is very important why is it important It was because Congress has a goal here It is declared that Swaraj is complete There is talk of only Swaraj, not Swaraj There is complete independence here, we will see 1929 The Lahore session of the Congress was held in In that, in the Lahore session here in 1906 Who was praised by Naroji ji here In a way, there are four resolutions, those four

46:53 One of the resolutions was that whatever our The goal is Swaraj, the goal of the Congress The second resolution for Swadeshi has been passed Third resolution for boycott passed It happened that things which were British and which were foreign things they have to boycott and one Resolution was passed regarding the National Education: These four resolutions would have been passed it is ok as well keep this in mind here I will tell you one thing in the spread of movement I'll give you something here indijn steam navigation i meaning indijn [music] Entrepreneur gay takes that to swadeshi Steam Navigation Company OK

47:40 Developed Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company Who has launched VO Jinam Pilla in Tamil Nadu? ok VO ji Dambar Pillai ji has done swadeshi Bharat Mata developed Steam Navigation Company made a portrait of who made the portrait of mother India Abanindranath Tagore rightly Abanindranath Tagore and in it he It showed Mother India fine, that is, people's A way to rouse sentiments in hearts Towards the Anti Partition for There was a movement going on and here is a He also composed the song by Subramanya Bharati The song written by Sudesh is ok Subramanya then Subramania Bharati wrote

48:27 Sudesh geetam ok sudesh Geetam now when this here Calcutta session of Congress's goal declared in Congress It was declared that our goal is Swaraj How did division start in Congress? Division Congress started splitting into two parts one is a soft group of moderates and the other Extremist hot groups from 1885 to present What was the main dominant position until 1905 This was the moderate party of the Vidhan Congress What are moderate group and hard group and what is the difference What is the difference between these two, what is the difference between them So those who were moderates believed that We are all about the Constitution We will do it, that is, we will do it constitutionally His belief was that it was moderate Britishers are good with us

49:13 if they don't know then our What is our demand then we have to give our The demand has to be placed before them It is constitutionally necessary to follow the law We have to act according to what he says I have to keep my word to myself because of this very reason Not many people were connected to them, who We can call it upper middle class was connected the landlords were connected Upper Middle class landlord this was their social base but He believed that those who were extremists and spoke can which was the younger section within the Congress which was a bit of an aggressive type I believed that there was nothing constitutionally direct okay it's going to be a do or die situation and because you should think for yourself that Who will get more support from the masses This is what extremists will get right because the lower middle class was fine

49:59 I was in his full support and his wide social base was we can say okay lower Their hero is middle class and wide social base Moderates have a social base, all these things Were constitutionally demanding wanted constitutional reforms but Their demand was Swaraj demand okay swaraj was the demand of these people that Now we want independence between the two all things were not okay moderate and There is something different about them among the extremists There was a demand for them in a different way There was a demand if we talk about this which is currently anti- This Bengal Partition movement was going on against Partition movement regarding this also in both The moderates said that this Keep it limited to Bengal, this extremist He said that make it an all India movement The extremists said this, the moderates said this He said that in this everyone means everyone

50:46 There is no need to participate in this yes but extremist said that in this everyone Participation of is needed here in that of the moderate people that we just The Constitution has to make its point but Their view was that now we have to achieve independence Ok, that means we have to get independence in a way and the movement needs to spread everywhere but The moderate one sees the movement everywhere This was the reason I didn't want to spread that later on it would happen between these two is it split means it will happen next year Surat session goes to Surat session Congress In 1907 the extremists made this demand who belonged to the extremist group that the Congress who will be the next president in Surat There will be a session in that either PR side or Lala Laaj We will give our opinion and then Bal Gangadhar will do Tilak They were saying this, the moderates were saying that No, moderates were speaking, Raj Bihari Ghosh

51:32 If you do g p side then it will be enough There was more strife and finally Raj Bihari Ghosh pressed ahead with the session Bihari Ghosh pressed and He was an extremist and was expelled from Congress you can say that he has been fired or else He is an extremist, out of Congress If it comes out then Surat splits here Between the two in Surat Session of Congress It gets into Split Now this partition is there for many days can't even walk it becomes anal and At the same time keep one thing in mind, if If you ask what was the role of Muslims Very limited partition of Muslims what remained was a little than higher muslims were higher in the sense that He was an educated Muslim and an upper class Muslim He did not participate in the There is anti partition movement in it The reason for this is that I told them this

52:20 The British said that you are our support Do it and support us then we will do whatever Dhaka is a Muslim majority area We will make it the capital of that place If we declare it as capital then because of this people did not support and even This is where the Muslim League was born Well, the Muslim League should be born here now go Where was Dhaka in 1906? Who made him a Nawab in Bangladesh? Salim Ullah is fine Nawab Salim Ullah It was made well and Aga Khan also made it Evolve in it When they were there the Muslim League forbade the Muslims that you are going to stop this partition movement it's ok if you don't participate in this Because the English give us some or the other thing

53:06 will give and in a way those who became successful but Finally, this partition continued till 1911. Could not find the Third Delhi Durbar in 1911 Third Delhi Durbar was organized Organised by whom Hardinge is right on the way to second. Third. Delhi Who organized the Darbar which was held at that time Who was Harding's second voice for? got it organised got it organised Because of the Coronation of King George V New kings were made there, so they had to live here I have also been invited and you are now here means in a way he is the king there The Britishers' rule in India was that your Coronation will also be done in British, meaning Coronation will be held in India as well and you In a way, India also has its own rulers you are the one okay so king george f Delhi Darbar organized for coronation

53:52 It was done by Hardinge seconds and It was here that Pena announced that the new The capital will be India's, okay it's India's The new capital will now be Delhi It will be Delhi, not Kolkata and it will be announced Butt Enforced in 1911 And why was this done to Delhi in 1912? Why because Muslims were angry with the British The reason for this is that whatever they thought, did not participate in the partition movement It will give us a lot, it will give us a lot They did not give it, that is why the British The one who was there could speak with Muslim glory that he was kind of attached to the Muslim glorification because the Mughal emperor He used to sit in Delhi That is why Delhi was made the capital Announced in 1912 Butt in 1911

54:38 The enforcement of this was done in 1912. Did It has gone clear till here and it has been analized element means partition is cancelled here It happens and so do the Merle Minto Reforms Let us come to you in the year 1909 first this Tell me if anyone has any doubts even here Then we move forward, someone even Doubt Mozilla, please do not comment like this Is no this is modelling its reforms so

55:23 The Government of India Act comes under the Government of India The Act of 1909 had some provisions in it He is called Morley Minto because Morley was the Secretary at that time and Minto was the Vice-President. If it was so, both of them together called the secretary now I told you that in 1958, the Government of India was created through him was none other than a British MP and Well tell me that our first Indian Who were the British MPs about whom we People even discussed it back then Government of India which was in 1909 Of that these were the provisions in it, the first which The most important provision was that Separate Electorates to separate electorates That is, separate elections were given to Muslims This means that for Muslims Only Muslims for Muslim candidates can vote but Hindus cannot vote

56:09 this is separate elected separate election It was said here that the voice Roy has an executive council, one of them is There can be an Indian member and first Indian Satyendra Prasad made here Sinha ur Sattu ji is ok Satyendra Offering Sinha and here your Indian There was the Legislative Council and the Provincial There was a Legislative Council in which the number of Increased number of elected members The number of elected members has been increased Even the first act was done had come 189292 came in which also ILC and Number of elected members of the PLC was increased and attention was paid there Keep 18920 It gave the power to discuss the budget

56:56 it was said that you can discuss the budget Okay, discussion is allowed in the budget Can't ask for supplementary cross Can't do questioning but can do discussion can there be a fine model in Minto Reform Separate and for this reason Minto was called the Father of also known as Indian Communalism goes the father of Indian Communalism Also known as Voice Roy A The Executive Council of Viceroy There can be an Indian in it so first Indian I Satyandra Prasad Sinha and Number of ILC and PLC elected The membership was increased and Dada Bhai Naroji ji was our first British MP the first means There were Indian British MPs, by the way regarding we have seen this before that they have written about Poverty and Un-British

57:42 He wrote a book called Rule in India, okay Poverty and Un British Rule in India In which he presented the drain of wealth theory Who were you talking about the drain of wealth? In this way the British are draining They are wealthy means they are looting India He spoke about it and he The first unofficial poverty line was also given by this Poverty and British law in India book Through this he addressed three sessions of Congress. Dadabhai Naoroji ji had done the prison work let's go ahead and now let's get to some This Revolution on Revolution Activities activities are going on we can say Anushilan Samiti before Gandhiji's arrival Many people form the study committee People and Anushilan Samiti were formed in many places but the one who comes first is Pramod Mitter Jatindranath

58:28 Banerjee is fine Jitendra Nath Banerjee and Barindra Kumar Ghosh are fine Is Barindra Kumar Ghosh makes this anushilan Committee given in the year An Alipore Bomb Conception in 1908 There is a case under which some people do this plan we do like prafulla chaki Khurdi Ram Bose these people plan that We are the Kingsford of Muzaffarpur The magistrate is blow him up with a bomb I will give you a chance to meet like Rajpal Yadav And you know further, right, Kingsford

59:14 But what was it that would blow up the career I was sitting on the elephant and there were kings in it There were no two ladies unfortunately The kings died but the kings did not die but the king survived ok and what happened in this was that Prafulla Chaki ji He committed suicide himself He shot himself and Khurdi Ram Our Bose ji was this Praful Chaki and this The other was Khurdi Ram Bose Khudi Ram Bose was hanged was given and also against Ravindu Ghosh Charges were proved in that and gunshot is also evolved but their charges will be announced later were not proven and he was acquitted And after that he retired from active politics. Take retirement and that is full of spirituality He went to the side and then he made a sound set it up if you search it ok

1:00:01 It is good I made it quite well there If Ravil has happened then he is Aurobindo Ghosh's son towards complete spirituality after that Alipur went to the bomb after Kapsi, okay This happened in 1908, keep this thing in mind Ramosi PAGEANT FORCE WAS DEVELOPED By Vasudev Balwant Phadke in 189 take care in 189 189 Vasudev Balwant Phadke and Chapekar are not better than Chapekar I remembered that some of your languages It works, which language is it MLA ji, I don't know anything after doing this MLA ji Students keep doing it in CDS batch If MLA's tax is right then Chapekar brothers Killing Rand So this was the plague commissioner Brund

1:00:47 And Chapekar Brothers killed him. It is ok that Chapekar brothers built the ghat and when hit him to death 18 It happened in 18792, okay and this happened to you This happened at the time of 18999, Chapekar, okay Brothers killed this rand it's ok Mitra Mela formed a secret society friend fair is done here for one second make it 97 not 99 it's ok Rand was killed by Chapekar brothers Mitra Mela was formed in 18971 199 Who did the Savarkar brothers do in VD Savarkar okay VD Savarkar means and who He had brothers, okay Savarkar brothers, you

1:01:35 Memory keep it in mind they formed it later Have they changed it or merged it associated with Abhinav Bharat Society in 1904 in 1904 take care either you this One can ask in this way that friend fair is suffering or in what form did the friend fair become like CGL just now whatever I think You do not know this in MTS in CPO he had asked that friend fair abhinav This is how it was asked that Abhinav Bharat Society Which organization is in a way an X extended version was okay so it was formed in 1904 It happens for Abhinav Bharat and the same is for you The founders will be okay, let's come now. Revolution Activities Abroad Vary Important now we are doing revolution activities in I was studying India, now I will study abroad Abroad means India's home road abroad Formation of the Look Society and India House Who did Shyamji Krishna Verma do in London?

1:02:23 ok Shyam ji Krishna Verma who formed it in London and when It was formed in 1905 and He also published a journal of that journal Can anyone tell me the name of that magazine? If we talk about the committee in 1915 what was this name naka berlin committee Who was Virendranath Virendranath? Chattopadhyay is fine Is Virendranath Chattopadhyay formed it in Berlin, Germany Me and Janal, whatever he brought out, Shyam ji Krishna Verma its name was The Indian sociologist is right

1:03:09 Indian Sociologist Gadar program under the same heading Revolutionary Activities Abroad 1905 Indian Home Rule League Society and India The house was developed by Shyam ji in London Krishna Varma founded the Berlin Committee in 1915. Virendranath Chattopadhyay and the mutiny The program started in the year 1913 How was it formed in 1913 This is the 19 year old Ghadar Party, in 1913 it was founded was the founder okay here so I'm like this I write from Wait 1913 I will form a Ghadar Party. Okay, Ghadar Party. Who was its founder Lala Hardayal

1:03:55 Lala Hardayal Sohan Singh Bhakhan Sohan Singh bhakhan barkatullah ok barka tulla end Brother Parmanand Bhai Parmanand was its founder The Ghadar Party was formed in 1913 Another one with this party and its head Where was the quarter, its head quarter Keep in mind its head quarter was San Party in San Francisco North America The head quarter is located in San Francisco An incident evolved with this party The name of that incident is Kom Gata Maru incident is ok kom gata maru incident

1:04:42 kom gata mar a ship name of japanese ship which used to sell from Hong Kong to canada vancouver canada okay somewhere Instead of Hong Kong you could be in Singapore It is okay if either is written but not both If it is in the option then don't worry, it's okay Hong Kong to Vancouver sold in canada canada where these refused to deport people and Bullets were fired there and that Incident Hamari Ek Indian History Books I noted it down okay so Komagata Maru When did the incident happen in 1914 and in 1914 and This Ghadar Party was formed in 1913. to that of the Gadar Party Which is one way we can call it revolution Activities were being done to suppress it An act was passed to suppress this gal

1:05:28 Rights Defense of India Act 1915 Defence of India Act 1915 this is a There was a kind of temporary law because at that time Second world sorry first world war too It had started in 1914 so that's why the defense of India Act was passed in 1915 I am trying to separate these rights as well as anyone who is Activities are taking place which are anti-British The activity was that you played roulette You must have read about the act, if you haven't read it we will read it okay it is the same It was a temporary Rowlatt Act that meant nothing Even if someone spreads anti-British sentiment It was found to have happened and he was sent straight to jail will put it without any trial this was it Defence of India 1915, now this is us I mean we are moving in order If we are following the complete timeline then we have Just read 1915 ok now we will read home

1:06:15 Gandhiji also came to Rule League in 1915 but at that time Now we will read about it later Gandhi Home Rule League will read about G first Home Rule League is formed in 1916 It's okay because Gandhiji has just returned In India but still active in politics If that did not happen, then it was okay, so Home Rule was implemented in 1916. The League is formed by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie by Basant ji ok Annie Both men had separate homes in Base 1916 The rules were written, this was the head quarter of theirs And their head quarter was in Pune In Madras

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