0:07 Start. Good afternoon respected Sanjiv sir and all the participant. We are truly honored to have with us our esteemed resource person Miss Suti Agraal ma'am. Miss Suty Agraal ma'am is a dedicated educator and researcher in molecular biology and botney with experience in both academic and applied research. She has served as an assistant professor at Sri Shivaji Science College Nagpur where she taught post-graduate courses supervised dictation project and coordinate workshops. She is currently working as a biology faculty member for neat aspirants at Dr. Fal medical
0:55 interest institute. Her professional journey also include handson role as a senior molecular biology technician at Dr. L. pipe labs and molecular biology training at HLL Hinn Labs where she gained expertise in RTPCR RNA DNA extraction Alisa and biochemicals techniques. Miss Agraal holds an MS in molecular biology and genetic engineering from RTM Nagpur University. She has qualified for the CSI Arnet 2,23rd with all India rank at 1,00 uh 101 as well as the GAT 2023rd in biotechnology
1:42 engineering. She has published review articles, won awards including first prizing at IIT Karakpur's uh national vet lab competition and actively participate in academic workshop and training programs. Her strength lie in teaching curriculum development, research guidance and student monitoring, mentoring along with strong communication and organization skills. She's committed at continuous learning, innovation and contributing to academic excellence. On behalf of at all the participants and organization, uh I extend a very warm welcome to you
2:27 ma'am. We are excited to learn from your knowledge and insight to today. Thank you so much ma'am for the introdu in introduction. Uh good morning everyone. It is a pleasure to be here as a guest lecturer. Today I will be speaking about how new technologies are helping us to move towards a greener more sustainable planet. We often hear that technology harms our planet but in reality smart technology is one of the strongest tools we have uh to protect the environment. So I'll be sharing my screen
3:41 Is it visible sir? >> Yes ma'am. So uh today's topic is smart solution for a greener planet and how new technologies are helping the environment. Uh the world is facing multiple environment cha challenges as we all know that uh climate changes due to global warming. It is uh causing rising temperatures, extreme weathers, sea level rise and uh there is a lot of biodiversity loss which is reducing the ecosystem stability. uh the factors such as air, water, so
4:26 soil pollution these are a threat not only to human health but also to animals and plants. So the key environmental issues which we are facing as we all know it is the climate change pollutions resource depletion uh like we all know that climate change and pollutions we have been hearing from a very long time but the major problem we are facing right now is the resourceation because the fossil fuels and forest area which we have it is of a very limited amount on our earth. So we need need to use the alternatives. Next is we the waste which are produced especially the plastic waste and the
5:12 electronic waste accumulation. These are very much uh it takes very long time to degrade these types of waste. So these waste are causing a major problem in our earth. Next is population growth. population is growing on an exponential graph which is causing the increased demand for food, water and energy. Now what all things we can do so that we are able to overcome these challenges and what is the role of technology in overcoming these challenges.
5:58 We are currently monitoring environmental conditions with sensors and satellites. Uh there has been lot of research going on how we can improve the efficiency in energy and resources and how we can promote renewable and cleaner technologies. Uh we are also giving the education to people that how on an individual levels they can make eco-friendly choices and uh government is also trying to make policies uh which are helping to make cleaner environment. Next is uh renewable uh energy revolution. Uh now we have the solar powers. Solar
6:43 powers are being used on solar rooftops, solar parks, community solar projects. These are all the government initiatives which are currently uh being taken by our Indian government and not just in India but overall in the worldwide solar power is being used. Wind energy onshore and offshore turbines are used. hydro power such as micro hydro for rural electrification because in the rural areas of India we still face uh the problems like uh no electricity. So these microhydro plants are very efficient in uh giving us electricity in rural areas of India.
7:29 Next is international solar alliance led by India. uh in a case study we have uh we can see that Cochin International Airport it is world's first fully solar powered airport. So in this way uh like how Cochin has developed an international airport where everything is working completely on solar power. So this this can be also applied to other airports, railway stations and other parts also. So that uh we can use the renewable energy rather than using the non-renewable energies like fossil fuels. Next is smart grids and energy
8:15 efficiency. uh use of smart grid grids uses uh artificial intelligence to balance demand and supply. So with the help of artificial intelligence we get to know that which part of specific uh city uh is requiring more energy and which part does not require that much energy. Uh there are smart meters which uh allows consumers to monitor and reduce uh the use of electricity and other nonrenewable energies that they are using. Uh for example the LED lights which are uh which are recently means not recent but still uh these are not very traditional. So they use 80% less energy
9:03 than the traditional bulbs. In a case study of Delhi smart grid pilot project uh it is shown that consumption of energy has been reduced by 15%. So if uh there are metered connections and we know that uh how much energy is required in one specific place. So uh we can uh uh we can provide energy accordingly. For example, if uh there is a a in a city uh we know that specific place has uh developed IT sector. There are many huge buildings where IT sector is developed. So there uh definitely the
9:50 demand for energy will be more whereas a place where uh uh it is quite urban uh which is quite rural in nature the demand for energy will be comparatively less. So these AI technology uh it helps us to know that where the demand is high where the demand is low so that a constant supply of energy can be fulfilled. Next is electric mobility. Uh electric vehicles, cars, buses, scooters, bikes, these are being used. Uh we all can see that there are green buses. Uh and these buses are very much smooth in functioning as well as compared to the diesel buses.
10:38 In India, we can see that there are many electrical vehicle charging points as well. uh the advances in uh battery technology has also been made in lithium ion solid state batteries. Uh so uh when we are thinking about buying an electronic vehicle even if it is a two-whe vehicle moped we are thinking about so the question that comes to our mind is that okay the vehicle cost us more but the petrol uh we won't be requiring petrol to use it we can just charge our vehicle and we can use it but once the battery is damaged so India we don't have
11:26 technologies that these batteries batteries can be recycled or reused. We have to change the battery and the cost of battery is very high. So this is the one thing uh in which uh India is working right now. In a case study uh Tesla Tesla was the first company which brought about electronic vehicles in our uh in in the world. Next is Ola Electronic in India. Other is that uh green buildings and smart cities. Uh green buildings reduce uh energy through design. So basically it is like a normal building only but we
12:12 plant but we plant vertical gardens on it. We have green rooftops to reduce urban heat. We use natural light rather than using the LED lights or the bulbs. We use solar rooftops and there is a specific uh uh harvesting of rainwater is also done there in this green buildings. Smart India smart city mission incorporates sustainability. Next is sustainable agriculture, precision farming. Uh drones are used, internet of things, uh sensors for soil and water management are used.
12:59 uh with the help of artificial intelligence uh the satellites are used to make a prediction that uh specific part of India how much rainfall is going to be there so that we can do the water management accordingly so that the farmers also get to know a basic idea uh how the farming is going to be done this year. Earlier when artificial intelligence and satellites were not that much advanced so India used to face a lot of uh losses in agriculture field. Uh development of hydroponics means we can grow plants without soil and we can
13:44 use water efficiently. Vertical farming is being practiced in many urban cities these days because the space required for vertical farming is less in area wise and uh it can be done indoor as well. Organic farming is supported by mobile apps. Uh one of the case study is drone spraying in Andhra Pradesh. So the water uh which is used in spraying is done by drones. Next is water conservation technologies smart irrigation using drip system with internet of things. So we can uh in our phone we can uh connect with uh uh the
14:32 app is connected to the irrigation system and with the help of phone only we can uh like uh control how much uh we need to put water in it and we can stop the water as well. Nanotechnology is being used for water wastewater purification. Rain rainwater harvesting is done with the help of artificial intelligence monitoring. In a case study, it has been studied that Israel is reusing 90% of its waste water for agricultural purposes which which is a very great step. Next is waste management innovations.
15:18 Artificial intelligence powered robots are being used for waste segregation. Technologies convert plastic into flu fuel. E-waste recycling industries are being uh very much advanced these days. Water to energy plants are being used. uh there is a case study where Bangalore's waste to energy plant is being used. So what is happening in this Bangalore's uh uh it is around this plant is 21 kilometers away from the city and here the dry waste is being segregated and it is uh put into a pit. Next uh this waste is uh dried and
16:06 uh it is combusted into a very high temperature. The waste which is a nonrenewable waste. So when it is being combusted at a very high temperature steams are being released. The steams which is released are helping the turbines to move around and when the turbines are moving then electricity is being produced. So it is a very uh nice uh effort done by Bangalore's energy to waste plant. Next is air and pollution control smart air quality sensors in the cities. So we can also see on our mobile phones that the AIQ air quality index is being uh
16:52 very much degraded in some cities like Delhi and Gura. uh whereas in other cities uh the air quality index is uh comparatively better. Carbon capture and storage technologies are being used. Air purifying towers are being tested in Delhi and Beijing. So uh in Delhi uh many of my friends stays so they tell us uh so they tell me that they are using air purifiers or dehumidifiers. So because the pollution is so high the air is not very good for their lungs. So they are using air purifying towers or
17:37 small machine at their home. Next is digit uh digital technologies for planet. Artificial intelligence is helping to uh helping in climate modeling, energy optimization. uh all the datas which are uh which are collected from all over the global it is being used to analyze how we can make the planet better and uh helping us to plan out things. Satellites and GIS are monitoring forest glaciers and urban growth. uh with the help of that only we get to know if uh there is a small fire in a forest it can e uh it can immediately be uh stopped by
18:26 uh with the help of the satellites. With the help of the satellites we also get to know uh if there are any natural disasters which might hit our earth and we can already be aware of it. Next is blockchain tracking sustainable supply chains. Biotechnology solutions. We are using biofuels such as ethanol, biodeiesel and algae based fuels. Uh bioplastics are being used in corn based plastics that are biodegradable. Genetically modified crops are designed for pest resistance res reducing pesticides used. So we know that a few
19:14 crops such as BT cotton. So we don't have to additionally use some extra pesticides. It is designed in such a way that extra pesticides need not be used on those. Next is smart consumer choices. There are apps which can track your carbon footprints. E-commerce platforms are promoting eco-friendly products. Uh right sharing and carpool apps are reducing fuel uh usage and eco labels guiding responsible buying uh decisions. So the purpose of uh this uh whole uh
20:01 topic is that how artificial intelligence or how the advancements in our technologies like the apps which are which we are currently using these are very much helpful to us in making our environment better. I myself have used this car pooling technique when I was in Bangalore. So uh two to three people are sharing a ride together for moving a very long distance. Instead of one single person causing so much pollution three four people are uh it is saving money and it is saving the environment at the same time. There are also many government uh
20:48 uh government government policies as well that if you see uh a pile of waste somewhere, you can just click the picture and you can upload at that site and the government NMC's take a very quick action regarding that. So this is also one of the places where smart technologies are being used to make planet better. So uh in this case study where Tesla made electronic vehicles as a mainstream. So Tesla itself is a very well-known and a very luxurious brand. If such luxurious brands are promoting electronic vehicles. So the first thing that comes to a person is that uh we
21:35 should also use this because uh of course it is good if Tesla is making it. Nextly, it has reduced emissions as compared to petrol cars. It has also inspired other car makers to adopt electronic vehicles. Uh we have already talked about Israel's water recycling system. It is used for agriculture and urban greenery because there is scarcity of fresh water in Israel. So they are recycling 90% of waste water. In third case study uh we can see India's solar village. Modera in Gujarat
22:23 becomes India's first solar village. Dharnai in Bihar powered entirely by solar micro grids and it is promoting rural electrification and renewables. It is a very good uh step taken by India. Next is international efforts are continuously being put so that uh uh we can save our environment. There is Paris agreement global commit commitment to limit warming. UN sustainable development goals. So there is goal seven which focuses on green energy and goal 13 which focuses on uh climate action.
23:10 Next is uh COP submits are uh being taken. Countries setting emission reduction targets means every country all the countries they select one uh country where they will make a conference and they talk about how they can uh reduce the emissions. Next is challenges in green technology. uh the so the challenges we are currently facing in these are the cost the initial cost is very high so it is difficult to uh make an e effort next is fastpace updates causing ewakes so uh recently as we all know that iPhone has
23:58 launched iPhone 17 so people who have a craze for such things they would immediately stop using their current iPhone and they would somehow uh buy iPhone 17. So these updates are causing more e-waste. Uh there is lack of awareness in rural and developing areas uh like how they should dispose of their e-waste. Policy enforcement still weak in many nations mostly these are the developing area developing nations where uh government is making policies for them. how they can uh how they can stop these e-waste problems and plastic waste
24:44 problems. Uh government is constantly telling people to segregate their dry waste and wet waste. They're also telling people that how they should dispose of the glass waste because it is a threat to animals. And there also government is also constantly saying that uh the water should not be the water bodies should not be uh problemmed because of the human uh human activities. The water bodies are facing lot of problems but uh these are these policies are not being enforced by many many places still.
25:30 Next is future directions. Hydrogen economy, green hydrogen fuel can be used. There will be uh it is predicted that there will be carbon neutral cities by 2050. Space-based uh solar power stations will be there. Artificial intelligent powered ecological restoration projects will be uh taking place. These are the future directions. role of youth and education. Uh so what we can do on our uh individual levels is that uh people can start eco clubs where they will be they will they themselves will be doing something good
26:16 for the ecosystem and they will will be telling people that how they can improve the environment. like uh when I see videos and uh when I talk to my friends who are doing their PhDs in different countries like Japan so they tell me that in countries like Japan uh they don't litter the waste and they clean clean the place where they were sitting after they have used it whether it be toilets or whether it be restaurants after eating people don't rely on other people to clean after them because uh civic sense is more in those countries rather than uh in other developing
27:04 nations. In other nations, people expect a cleaner to clean after them. So this is not a very good civic sense. Next is opportunities for green entrepreneurship, green careers in uh clean energy, climate research and sustainable design. Education uh spreads awareness and drives innovation. So we can uh always educate peu uh students that uh there are many careers in doing uh some clean energy projects. If they have some good ideas in their mind, they can discuss and uh maybe if they come up with some
27:51 very good solution for specific problems, it can be applied and it can be a great success as well. Next is India's contribution national solar mission uh large scale solar adoption in past few years we are seeing that uh solar is being uh very much used solar energy solar p power plants are being used in India and uh government is also providing subsidies and loans uh to uh enhance this more electronic vehicle policy incentives for
28:38 electronic vehicle purchase. So there is comparatively very less tax if we are using electronic vehicles and uh if we are using normal petrol or diesel vehicles you need to wear helmet, you need to have a proper number plate, you need to have a license. But uh for using uh few electronic vehicles you don't need much of these things. Smart smart cities mission integrating green uh planning. In urban areas we can see comparatively there is much more greenery but in smart cities uh there is less greenery because there are so much more uh so many buildings and all. So smart cities need to integrate these
29:26 green planning things. Next is call to action. What all things uh are very much important to do to overcome these problems. We can adopt sustainable habits, support green innovation and businesses. Encourage uh policy implementation. uh small actions will eventually lead to bigger impacts. If every person on an individual do these things then uh we can see a great difference. For example, in Indor I guess it is for uh next from last 10 years Indor is getting award for cleanest city in India. So why can't all
30:14 the cities uh learn from that city and uh contribute every individual in uh indor they uh don't litter even uh a plastic bag on a road makes them very uncomfortable so they immediately pick it up and throw it in a dust bin. So this policy can be followed by all the cities in India. So conclusion is that uh if we integrate technology with responsibility, it would eventually help us in building a sustainability. The future can be green with innovations. Together we can build a better planets. We can build a better planet.
31:02 Uh so thank you everyone. Your questions are welcome. Thank you ma'am. >> Thank you ma'am. >> Thank you ma'am. Thank you ma'am. >> Thank you ma'am. >> Thank you. >> Thank you ma'am. >> Ma'am. Hello. >> Yes sir. Um yes sir
31:47 greenology. Green gases. Bomb. Okay.
32:33 Huh? This two sud [Music] earth Temperature [Laughter] global warming global warming warming. Global
33:20 warming temperature insulation. global
34:08 individual. Individual concern hygiene and cleanliness. Hygiene and cleanliness is related to individual. >> Yes. >> When we are talking about environment then we are talking in a global manner. It's not only it will come to you in some years. It's a global concern globally affected. Then only we thought of this environment.
34:57 Huh? Globally effect means the country wise human being environment environment geopolitical boundaries these are man-made and created by humans [Music] Sir,
35:43 country wise all No worries. Geopolitical boundaries environmental factors related policies. indexity
36:32 index which comes under geopolitical boundaries countries countries same environment related concern either it's a pollution it's global warming it's heavy rainfall they are not affected by geopolitical boundaries it doesn't mean that the pollution in Delhi needs they need specific measures to control Yes sir. >> But the pollution is coming from burning the sub septile mass in Punjab, Hana and
37:19 adjoining areas. So any any country is having a problem with the flow of air then it can divert to that particular location if the flow of air changes. So we are basically affected by environment. All of the individual of of this whole earth is infect infect affected by the environment. Okay,
38:05 sir. [Music] The very curiosity was about 1986 93 class warming.
38:51 Decadesenty ozone. effective global warming carbon dioxide
39:51 Hydrarate. This is a global phenomena. Global geopolitics.
40:40 We try to analyze those things in as a separate issue. But this is a holistic phenomenon. Correct. Yeshu 100% right. Geopolitics or global warming environment researches there is a lot of lot of interfering of the geopolitics and this global warming.
41:28 research papers. Just what is very politics geopolitics [Music] basically affected
42:15 atmosphereffected palosphere. Troposphere sir atmosphere atmosphere collectively troposphere. Stratosphere, thermosphere, it's around some thousand kilome. That is a great AI. A great AI still
43:15 offer on solar panel. within four years Classic
44:04 battery life basics. Installed capacity of capacity effective capacity 50% 50% below 50% normal on day exposure or night%
44:58 of the time. Thermal thermal nuclear plant. Sir, what what is AI? Smart grid
45:48 of things comparatively better. Frequently clean. AI grid is the new technology which production and the consumption.
46:33 >> Yes. Production and consumption equally maintain. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Power shut down. Yes. Total everything is stopped when grid is
47:19 stopped. Grid is the middle area. Production and consumption. Middle distribution center. There is something new. There is a new system of the grid which they balance the production and the consumption predecided. They can control the production house. They can control the consumer's distribution system. That is the main function of the click. But that AI AI is collecting the data how much years and
48:06 back how much years and back the consumption is more which month consumption is low and and what is the production level. Thermal power station. The thermal power station is not only run by the one turbine. It mean this will be run by the two and three and four turbine. The when the consumption is high the whole four turbine is running for the production. But sometime when the consumption is low they can stop the one and two turbine immediately. Okay. But the one and two turbine is under under production. Okay. But when turbine
48:53 should be stopped when turbine should be on and off this this this mechanism is controlled by the human being and mechanical uh devices. But in at present uh it may be the the new new innovation is there that the AI which collecting the data from the all consumption and production they can indicate immediately. Ethernet also consumption
49:38 false. Yes. How many appliance you are using in your home and how many power you have. That AI system is new new system.
50:33 Okay. >> This may pause. Yes. >> Thank you, ma'am. Thank you, sir. >> Thank you. Thank you, sir. >> Thank you so much, sir. >> Thank you, ma'am. Nice session. >> Thank you, ma'am.
