0:02 Hello everyone Today you gonna Learn with me อาจารย์อัจฉราวดีแผ่น สนิทนะคะโ I will teach you in the topic of chemicals and Cosmetics in the first Chapter I will introduce you to know about the water chemistry When We Talk About The Water What is Water In This Content will consist of the atoms and the valence electron That involve in water and the Wind Wind Approach in Chemical bonding of Water the third One We gna Learn about Water Structure and the networking the Fourth one is
0:47 unique Property of Water That involve in the High boiling points and pH Value And The second one is the light dis Light habit and the last one on this topics We will Learn about the emulsification in Making skin care product from water for the first Content is atoms and their valence electron If you see In This Picture The Diamond and the Carbon One they are different in the Pattern that you can see by your Eye but If We Look into That
1:33 Atom both of them are Built up from the Carbon Element the black color here is represent of the Carbon One but in Diamond The Carbon linked to E ut in the Cubic shave but for the Carbon in the graphy one they Built together in the form of hexagonal So from This One Diamond and the graphy one they are has the Same black color or the Carbon Atom What is the Atom means atoms is the smallest Part
2:19 of the matter That can exist both of Diamond and graphite buil up from Carbon Atom both of them IS similar in Atom When We Look into the Atom of E Element atoms consisting of Three substance T drink the TE drink Inside the first one is Proton And The second one is neutron both of Proton In This One The red color and neutron In The Blue Color they are the Part of nucleus and outside of the nucleus That Spin Around in this video
3:06 you gna see the black color that spending is called electron the electron will surrounding Around the Proton And neutron this Three We Call is Three sub particle Proton neutron and electron combine Together and get up your Atom โ i I forgot to mention protons Is Have The Charge in Positive Charge That Stay Inside The Part of nucleus neutron is neutral No Charge is Zero Proton is Plus Okay or Positive for electron is Negative One so the
3:53 Negative One will surrounding or spinning Around the nucleus Which containing Positive i โ So in each Atom normally they will neutral Charge you gna see That This One Proton is Positive and Positive Two Positive One or Two Plus spinning with electron Two electron with Negative Charge and is equal to 2 minus So 2 Plus and 2 minus combine Together You GOT Zero Charge from this Atom electrons That spinning Around the nucleus can be found at different
4:41 Distance From The nucleus You can to see In This one is different neutron โค hydrogen Atom contain Only One electron here and the electron quite Near to nucleus of hydrogen Atom for helium containing Two electron That Spin Around the Distance is similar to hydrogen Atom but for Oxygen You G to see this Ones Oxygen containing One 2 3 4 5 6 7 and 8 8 electron Two electron ins size is similar Distance with
5:27 helium and hydrogen but the other SI electron That farther than this Two electron For Sodium atoms electron of Sodium is higher amount When compared with Oxygen helium or hydrogen the Distance is fer from This One When We Look into the Level Ones or the layer that nearest to nucleus the The Maximum Value of electron That can fill up is Only Two electron E In This one is represents of electron and in Level 2 The
6:13 second layer Here The Maximum Value of electron is 8 Number from This One When electrons fel in the Maximum Value in level 1 and Level Two IS qu to 2 and 8 it will stabilize IS IS Atom will stable So We Call This One IS octet rule IS atoms require to fulfills in the Maximum Number of electron and the Ones at the most Fest In This the one is mean electron electron at the most Fest
7:01 from the nucleus Is Are called The valence electron from here You G to see that the Yellow Arrow of hydrogen is the fest one is Only One electron helium The Fest one is Two electrons Oxygen the fastest one is Six electrons โค and Sodium the fest one is Only One electron from here is C as valence electron hydrogen contains one valent electron helium contain two valence electron Oxygen contain 6 valence
7:49 electron and Sodium contain One valence electron this valence electron will Link with the octet rule How is Link with octet rules As i Told You in the previous slide octet rules Atom require to fulfill in the Level One And Level 2 at 2 and 8 Number so the Carbon helium and hydrogen In This The Atom hydrogen contain Only One valence electron In Level One So from This One helium contain
8:35 Two valence electron and Carbon contain 4 valence electron What happen The Yellow One Yellow Arrow here is Level One Maximum Number of the valent electron is 2 โ So hydrogen it can Add one more electron Here To Complete The octet rule but for helium is Complete by the Cell for Carbon One here Is Have f valence electron Carbon need 4 More electron to compete in the EG
9:21 Number in Level Two from this hydrogen and Carbon is not stable is not Complete in octet Ru different from helium that is stable by itself from this one is make helium or the utter Element in the Same Group with helium That Complete oct Ru has The Property To Be inert sometimes We is inert Gas โ but When Atom is not stable is
10:07 not Complete The octet rule What happen hydrogen Atom In The Blue Color contain Only One Blue valence electron and hydrogen in red color contain Only One Red valence electron from this The Blue Color require one more electron And The leed Color require One More electron So from this Two atoms they can Share electron to e a that we Call is Share V ve is represent of valence electron โ When It Share to each ut The Thing
10:53 That occur from this Sharing electron IS bonding We Call is Chemical bonding The bonding is represent by using That Lines in the middle Between Two Atom โ hydrogen Blue Color and hydrogen red color binding The Chemical bonding Together All from this one you can write in the shorter time To Be h2 Number in the Subscribe here to represent the hy to Atom bonding is utter the Chemical bonding That occur from the Sharing of valence electron We Call it covalent
11:41 bonding C is mean collaborate โ and valence is valence electron the Bond That occur from the Sharing of valence electron We Call it covalent bonding โ for this on Come to our ingredients Sorry Our molecules Water or H2O The H2O hydrogen atoms โอ contain One vient electron One vient electron require One More for sharing โอค Oxygen One contain
12:27 Six vient electron Oxygen require Two More valence electron to Complete The oct Ru So This One Oxygen Atom will Share is valent electron with Two hydrogen Atom from here If you C The valence electron of Oxygen Now it will be 1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 and 8 โ If you C The hydrogen Atom The valence electron of each hydrogen will be One And two one and Two
13:13 โ from this The One pair of valent electron That Sharing use the That LINE For represent of covalent Bond and what happen When This 4 valent electron That not Sharing We Call It unshare valence electron or Call the ut name is Lone pair of electron the number of Lone pair Don't be confused This pair is not Meaning to โ The Lone pair electron When I ask you in the question in quiz or in examination
13:59 Lone pair electron of Oxygen will equal to 4 โ One 2 3 and 4 So This One Oxygen has 4 Lone pair electron โอ่ะ the next One The Structure from this The Lone pair electron from the previous one you know That electron has a Negative CH you gna see That represent of Negative One And Negative One โ and the Negative One Make this The Oxygen area Turn to Negative dipole moreover The Property of
14:46 Oxygen Oxygen is the Atom That has The Property That highly Strong to pull electron form The alter Element that bonding you gna see this Arrow That electron from hydrogen will pull by Oxygen When is pull by Oxygen Making this Two hydrogen Atom Turn to partial Positive Charge from This One Make the water molecule contain both of Negative and Positive in their Structure create That This One
15:31 Make the water Structure is polar the Property Main one is polarity When This have both of Positive and Negative the water and water molecules That Stay Together can Making The bonding Between The molecules that we Call intermolecular bonding In This One The Arrow Show The inr molecular โ different One The intermolecular bonding is the That LINE Here The intermolecular bonding occur Between The Positive ion of hydrogen Atom bonding with Negative ion of Oxygen Atom from the utter
16:18 molecule the Bond That occur Here The intermolecular bonding Like This Is Have The specific Name that Call hydrogen bonding โอค hydrogen bonding the water molecule will binding like this Together โ When It's binding like this Making Water Is Have different Pattern If You Remember Diamond and graphite Diamond and gf Make Up from Atom of Carbon but differ biding the Same Thing Ice and
17:03 Liquid Water they create from the Same water molecule and the That LINE is represent of the Same hydrogen bonding but In This One The hydrogen bonding that binding to each Water is different Distance in Ice the hydrogen bonding will buy very be full Pattern and close the molecule of Water to E Order Making ey is stable hydrogen bonds โ And Turn To Be solid state but for Liquid Water The Pattern is very very different not
17:50 Beautiful Pattern or in Thai We Call Su สปะ Pattern โ from this make the Liquid Water Sorry make the water binding like this is Become to Liquid state The shap or the hydrogen bonding can Change based on the boiling point โ The binding of E ut when you increase the temperature โ the water molecules ut The Pattern Here we Call The Step of the water Lost Out That evaporation or in tha We Call การ
18:35 ระเหยนะคะโ from this one evaporation is the heat That Turn Water in Liquid To Be vaper or in Gas state โ not Only the boiling point of Water That very High everyone know That boiling point of Water equal to 100 deg celsus โ Water has the other Property that is pH Value The pH Value of Water come from the water molecules can Exchange Exchange What Exchange
19:22 The hydrogen atoms By Exchange One dot you gna see this one Move from the right hand side to the left hand side When It Change When It mve is Moved in the form of H Plus So Two molecules Two molecules Proton ion and Oh minus or hydroxide ion โอเค in Pure Water amount of hydronium ion and hydroxide ion will equal
20:09 Together that equal to 10 to Min 7 mol per L from this concentration We Can measure And calculate The acidity of the water Because h3o Plus is the Thing that of acidity โ The measurement of acidity We Use as The PS scale That come from the calculation In This equation PS equal to minus log The concentration of Proton or hydronium ion that you know That it equal to 10 to Min 7 When
20:56 You solve This equation it will got the Plus 7 Number This is the ph7 that the neutral Liquid Should Be In The detect of the pH Value normally we use the Thing That Call indicator or Universal indicator The indicator will Change That Color based on the PS as you you see In This picture The pH Lower than 7 is mean The concentration of hydronium ion is higher than The The concentration of hydroxide ion That This
21:42 hydroxide ion is represent of the basic Property the the Data of pH will Lower than 7 here for the basic One concentration of hydroxide ion will High M Making The pH Value is higher than 7 you gna see that the Universal is Change to be the Green or Blue or Purple Color here from This I Show you the pH scales of the Routine Things that we G to see โ EG is basic นะคะโอ the light basic Property and The
22:28 Acid Strong Acid one is your gastric Acid in your stomach โ and all sometimes นะคะ some example Milk นะคะ is the slightly acidic Property the water Ones Because it have the Positive and Negative Charge Is Have The polarity So it can dissolve The polarity One polarity of Water make the water is excellent so When for the polar substance We Call this Property That Light disol Light habit solute and solvent in Thai
23:16 solute is ตัวถูกละลายนะคะ solvent is ตัวทำละลาย and When solute and solent combine Together We Get solution Solutions or สารละลายนะคะ The detection of solute and solvent is depending on the amount solute will be Small amount So When is higher amount When IS disol IS utter And Turn to be the homogeneous mixture สารละลายที่ เป็นเนื้อเดียวกันนะคะ We Call it solution from this because of
24:02 hydrogen and Oxygen Is Have Negative and Positive Charge So When elements of the compound That contain both of Positive and Negative Charge as you see this one potassium chloride potassium is Positive one chor is Negative one is very Easy To dissolve in Water The Property to dissolve one You GOT See The molecule of Water will surrounding Around this Positive and Negative molecules hydrate is mean Water So Water will Hydrating this molecule in the contrast one Water cannot
24:49 dissolve the nonpolar solute for example Oil you gna see That Oil and water IS separate into layer forming heterogeneous mixture If you want to Mix water and Oil to E ut WE require The specific One That Call emulsifier The example of emulsifier that we found in Everyday Life Is surfactant or So โอ not Only surfactant or So The to Making Emotion for example this one is SL dressing In This
25:37 one is the basic knowledge for Making The skin care product for the SL dring you gna see That it contain Olive Oil O on and Lemon Juice the jewish one is High amount of Water you see That Water and Oil water and Oil cannot disol E ut but in SL dressing it can Mix Together from this recipe which one Should Be emulsifier Could you guess the emulsifier one is EG yk ค่ะโอ EG yk will act as
26:22 emulsifier to mixing Lemon Juice and Olive To Be homogeneous Mix or SL dressing that we eat นะ คะ What is the Structure That emulsifier Should Be because of Water Is Have The polar Property and Oil is nonpolar Property it cannot Mix to E other so the emulsifier is the compound That contain both of the the water soluble Part and Oil soluble Part the specific word of Water soluble Part We Call it
27:09 hydrophilic โ hydrophilic and the Oil soluble Part We Call it hydrophobic One from this Picture which one Should Be hydrophilic and hydrophobic the water soluble here IS hydrophilic you gna see Is Have The shart similar as Water โ and Oil No shart here นะคะ We Call is hydrophobic Part The molecule That contains both of water soluble and Fat soluble We Call it amphipathic Nature In This The emphatic Nature
27:55 make them Possible to self aggregate into a Supra molecular Structure That called myc this one myc thing is Important in skin care product What is it The polar นะคะ the water soluble and Oil soluble can Making The form of my C This One The Circle One นะคะ call my Cell My Cell will forming When This ampyx or emulsifier go to the water Part นะคะ the water Part is polar so the water soluble will attack to
28:40 the water outside and Inside is Oil นะคะ Oil soluble will Make It ins size นะคะ From The Circle here That Call myself โ for the Chapter Two I will อ่า Cut this presentation to be the ut clip นะคะ will Make It not too long presentation นะคะสวัสดีค่ะเจอกัน คลิปหน้าค่ะ
